基于粒子群算法的翼型优化设计

采用粒子群算法（PSO）对层流翼型进行了以提高升阻比为目标的优化设计。翼型的设计达到了设计要求,优化设计后的翼型气动特性也有显著地改善,这表明了粒子群算法应用于翼型气动优化设计的可行性。在优化设计的过程中,粒子采用递减惯性权重,以加强粒子初期的全局搜索能力与后期的局部搜索能力。翼型由解析函数线性叠加法表示,目标函数和粒子的适应度由基于二维欧拉方程的流场数值解来提供。     

旋翼翼型非定常动态失速响应的计算

基于旋翼非定常翼型气动模型,给出了计算分离流和深度失速状态下的翼型非定常升力、俯仰力矩的数值计算方法。该方法采用半经验指数响应公式,利用数值离散方法来求解翼型的非定常法向力和俯仰力矩。分别计算了NACA0012和SC-1095翼型上的非定常气动载荷,并与可得到的试验结果进行了对比,验证了方法的有效性。文中还讨论了缩减频率和马赫数对动态失速响应的影响;然后,这个模型被改进以适用于后掠流下的翼型动态失速响应计算,分析了后掠角对翼型动态失速响应的影响。最后,得出了一些结论。     

风扇翼型气动性能的实验研究

在西北工业大学NF-3风洞二元实验段内对两种风扇翼型的气动性能进行了对比实验研究,实验采用表面测压和尾排型阻测量技术。结果表明:在风扇的工作范围内,新设计的风扇翼型的升阻比要比传统的风扇翼型增大20%左右;通过两翼型翼面弦向压力分布特性的比较,可以推知,前者的气动噪声将会比后者小。     

Experiments on unsteady vortex flowfield of typical rotor airfoils under dynamic stall conditions

A new experiment for airfoil dynamic stall is conducted by employing the advanced particle image velocimetry(PIV) technology in an open-return wind tunnel. The aim of this experimental investigation is to demonstrate the influences of different motion parameters on the convection velocity, position and strength of leading edge vortex(LEV) of airfoil under different dynamic stall conditions. Two different typical rotor airfoils, OA209 and SC1095, are measured at different free stream velocities, oscillation frequencies, and angles of attack. It is demonstrated by the measured data that the airfoil with larger leading edge radius could notably decrease the strength of LEV. The angle of attack(Ao A) of airfoil can obviously influence the dynamic stall characteristics of airfoil,and the LEV would be effectively inhibited by decreasing the mean pitch angle. In addition, the convection velocity of LEV is estimated in this measurement, and the results demonstrate that the influence of airfoil shape on convection velocity of LEV is limited, but the convection velocity of LEV would be increased by enlarging the oscillation frequency. Meanwhile, the convection velocity of LEV is a time variant value, and this value would increase as the LEV convects to the trailing edge of airfoil.     

Mini-TED跨声速气动特性及其增升机理

通过求解二维可压Navier-Stokes方程,研究了NACA0012翼型加装微型后缘增升装置（mini-TED）后的跨声速流场特性,与Gurney flap （GF）对比分析了几何参数对mini-TED后方涡系及翼型气动特性的影响.将mini-TED的几何细节参数定义为弦向长度和有效高度,两者方向正交.在相同迎角下仅改变mini-TED的弦向长度,后缘涡系结构虽发生变化,但翼型气动力几乎没有影响;反之仅改变有效高度则后缘涡系和翼型气动力系数同时发生明显改变,且与同等高度下的GF气动系数相近.结果表明：有效高度是影响翼型气动特性的决定因素.有效高度改变了mini-TED后涡系的发生范围,而相对于整个翼型绕流,后缘涡系的大小是影响翼型流场最重要的因素,而涡系的微观结构和形态的改变影响相对很小.加装mini-TED后上表面激波位置后移、下表面激波强度削弱,从而翼型表面压力分布特性发生了改变.随有效高度增大,mini-TED诱导的涡系发生区域随之增大,引流作用增强,翼型升力系数、阻力系数和低头力矩系数提高,同时相同迎角下翼型的升阻比明显提高.     

翼型尾缘噪声源空间分布与辐射特性关系

详细研究了翼型湍流边界层尾缘宽频噪声源空间分布与辐射特性的关系.采用基于雷诺平均流场的翼型尾缘宽频预测方法研究了NACA0012翼型湍流边界层尾缘宽频噪声在4种不同工况下的噪声源空间分布与辐射特性.首先计算了NACA0012翼型湍流边界层尾缘噪声源在不同频率下的空间分布.计算结果发现:边界层中湍流是翼型湍流边界层尾缘噪声声源.随着频率的增加,噪声源强度和噪声源空间尺寸都是先增加后减小,噪声源位置不断靠近翼型尾缘.同时也计算了边界层内不同位置处的噪声源对远场噪声的辐射特性,结果表明:边界层内层区域,其噪声频谱能量集中在高频;边界层外部区域,其噪声能量集中在中低频;攻角增大或者来流速度减小,噪声能量向低频转移.      

大迎角粘性复杂流场的数值模拟

本文使用于存在较大分离区的Ｊｏｈｎｓｏｎ－Ｋｉｎｇ湍流模型对多段翼型流场及某型歼击机外形全机流场的雷诺平均ＮＳ方程进行数值计算，研究了多段翼型及有三角翼的全机外形的最大升力和三角翼翼尖涡，二次涡等粘性特性。     

Unsteady oscillation of a deformable airfoil section in incompressible flow

The unsteady aerodynamic loads (pressure increment and generalized forces) acting on a deformable thin airfoil section are determined for its arbitrary motion in the incompressible flow with transverse gusts. In this case, the exact Küssner solution in series is used for harmonic oscillation of an airfoil, in which the Theodorsen function is approximated by a sum of fractional functions with poles. In the time domain, these functions are replaced by the unknown functions that satisfy the one-type ordinary first order differential equations. The equations obtained are combined with the differential equations of the airfoil motion in the generalized coordinates and are used for analyzing the aeroelastic system stability and calculating its dynamic response to gust loads.     

欧拉方程多段翼型绕流计算的嵌套网格方法

本文采用嵌合体埋入技术，将主段翼型和襟翼分成两子域，对多段翼型的复杂构型进行了分区迭代求解，在有限体体积离散的基础上，求解欧拉方程计算各子域流场的解，通过各流场的耦合迭代到多段翼型绕流的解，典型的带３０％襟翼ＧＡ（Ｗ）－１翼型算例表明，该计算方法稳定，能较地模拟多段翼型中主段翼型与襟翼交接处的复杂流动现象计算结果与实验值有较好的一致性。