DOA estimation and mutual coupling calibration with the SAGE algorithm

In this paper, a novel algorithm is presented for direction of arrival（DOA） estimation and array self-calibration in the presence of unknown mutual coupling. In order to highlight the relationship between the array output and mutual coupling coefficients, we present a novel model of the array output with the unknown mutual coupling coefficients. Based on this model, we use the space alternating generalized expectation-maximization（SAGE） algorithm to jointly estimate the DOA parameters and the mutual coupling coefficients. Unlike many existing counterparts, our method requires neither calibration sources nor initial calibration information. At the same time,our proposed method inherits the characteristics of good convergence and high estimation precision of the SAGE algorithm. By numerical experiments we demonstrate that our proposed method outperforms the existing method for DOA estimation and mutual coupling calibration.     

基于变对角加载的RCB算法

稳健的Capon波束形成(RCB)算法确定的加载量与设定的导向矢量误差范围成正比,在导向矢量误差比较小时,加载量也比较小,这时对小快拍的稳健性就很差。为了改善RCB算法在小快拍时的性能,提出一种基于变对角加载的RCB算法,利用估计的协方差矩阵误差对采样协方差矩阵进行修正,用修正后的协方差矩阵代替原协方差矩阵代入到RCB算法的权向量求解过程中,这样可以根据导向矢量误差和协方差矩阵误差动态调整加载量,在不增加计算复杂度的基础上,可以获得比RCB算法更好的稳健性。计算机仿真验证了算法的有效性。     

一种校正阵面天线单元馈电的方法

文章从一种阵面波束赋形天线单元馈电分析与实测结果比较出发,结合阵列天线工作和测试原理,给出了比较分析结果,并提出了阵面天线除了在生产过程需确保每个单元的馈电满足设计要求外,还需对天线阵面的每个辐射单元进行实际幅相检测,以消除和校正可能存在的误差。     

一种新的共轭增强MUSIC测向算法

提出一种新的测向算法。利用阵列输出的非零时延互相关函数及其共轭形成伪阵列输出,从而得到伪协方差矩阵,对其进行特征分解,利用信号子空间与噪声子空间的正交性,搜索得到的空间谱函数的极大值点对应的角度就是波达方向。仿真实验表明,新算法可对多于阵元数的信号进行测向,其测角精度和分辨力优于MUISC和MUSIC-like算法。     

非模糊测向阵列设置算法研究

根据平面天线阵列模糊基本概念,讨论了一种设置非秩1模糊阵列的方法。给出了不为秩1的判断定理。仿真结果表明：该法可行且具一定的实用价值。     

DME询问信号捕获的设计与实现

捕获询问信号是DME地面设备的一个重要功能组成部分。现役的地面设备中大多使用的捕获单元为分离器件电路设计，其电路复杂，控制难度大，改进与维护成本高。针对这些问题，本文设计采用ADC结合FPGA作为主要功能器件，并通过软件算法完成数字滤波、脉冲峰值提取和半幅点计算，实现询问信号的识别与捕获。不仅大幅减少元器件的使用，缩小设备体积，还可提高扩展性与可靠性。结合机柜验证测试，结果符合设计要求。     

Direction finding for two-dimensional incoherently distributed sources with Hadamard shift invariance in non-uniform orthogonal arrays

This paper proposes a novel algorithm for Two-Dimensional (2D) central Direction-of-Arrival (DOA) estimation of incoherently distributed sources. In particular, an orthogonal array structure consisting of two Non-uniform Linear Arrays (NLAs) is considered. Based on first-order Taylor series approximation, the Generalized Array Manifold (GAM) model can first be established to separate the central DOAs from the original array manifold. Then, the Hadamard rotational invariance relationships inside the GAMs of two NLAs are identified. With the aid of such relationships, the central elevation and azimuth DOAs can be estimated through a search-free polynomial rooting method. Additionally, a simple parameter pairing of the estimated 2D angular parameters is also accomplished via the Hadamard rotational invariance relationship inside the GAM of the whole array. A secondary but important result is a derivation of closed-form expressions of the Cramer-Rao lower bound. The simulation results show that the proposed algorithm can achieve a remarkably higher precision at less complexity increment compared with the existing low-complexity methods, which benefits from the larger array aperture of the NLAs. Moreover, it requires no priori information about the angular distributed function.     

一种阵列天线逐通道相关在线标校法

由于发送端和接收端时钟的不一致性,导致低信噪比下阵列天线卫星移动通信的逐通道相关标校有很大的难度。在考虑易实现性和简易性基础上,提出了一种可以解决低信噪比下通道校正的多周期长时累积方法。该校准信号为由地面标校站产生的BPSK调制扩频信号,可以减少卫星设计的复杂度,且在不中断用户数据传输的基础上实现在线标校。该方法通过对接收信号打标、速率匹配等措施来解决收发时钟不一致导致的码偏和频偏问题。研究结果可以为阵列天线卫星通信技术提供支持。     

基于小卫星编队的稀疏孔径遥感技术

介绍了实现稀疏孔径系统的迈克尔逊干涉和斐索干涉的两种干涉成像原理,讨论了实现稀疏孔径探测和成像的子孔径的空间布局、相位一致和图像恢复,分析了载荷展开,卫星编队中的编队卫星轨道设计、空间基线测量与控制,以及光机技术等工程化实现的关键技术。     

相控馈电双反射面天线辐射特性的研究

研究了用Fourier-Bessel法和射线光学法计算、分析相控阵馈电共焦双抛物面天线辐射场的有效方法,并初步探讨了通过选择天线系统参数来尽可能减少扫描损失的途径。