小功率电弧等离子体发动机试验及性能研究

电推进技术已应用于航天的多个领域,电弧等离子体发动机（Arcjet)因其高比冲、高推力／功率比以及大的推进剂选择范围等特点成为当前国际上电火箭研究和应用的热点。文章总结小功率Arcjet实验及性能研究,介绍了实验研究系统的主要组成,给出初步的发动机工作性能参数及实验结果分析。     

纳米粒子对星用胶粘剂空间环境性能影响的试验研究

对中国卫星上大量应用的几种胶粘剂进行了地球同步轨道环境模拟试验,同时试验了添加纳米SiO2粉体后的影响。研究表明,纳米材料的加入对胶粘剂空间排气性降低、抑制电子辐照、冷热交变循环损伤等有明显作用。研究结果为中国长寿命卫星胶接结构、材料的寿命可靠性提供了相关依据,展现了纳米材料空间应用的前景。     

Determination of a suitable set of loss models for centrifugal compressor performance prediction

Performance prediction in preliminary design stages of several turbomachinery components is a critical task in order to bring the design processes of these devices to a successful conclusion.In this paper,a review and analysis of the major loss mechanisms and loss models,used to determine the efficiency of a single stage centrifugal compressor,and a subsequent examination to determine an appropriate loss correlation set for estimating the isentropic efficiency in preliminary design stages of centrifugal compressors,were developed.Several semi-empirical correlations,commonly used to predict the efficiency of centrifugal compressors,were implemented in FORTRAN code and then were compared with experimental results in order to establish a loss correlation set to determine,with good approximation,the isentropic efficiency of single stage compressor.The aim of this study is to provide a suitable loss correlation set for determining the isentropic efficiency of a single stage centrifugal compressor,because,with a large amount of loss mechanisms and correlations available in the literature,it is difficult to ascertain how many and which correlations to employ for the correct prediction of the efficiency in the preliminary stage design of a centrifugal compressor.As a result of this study,a set of correlations composed by nine loss mechanisms for single stage centrifugal compressors,conformed by a rotor and a diffuser,are specified.     

Performance analysis of variable speed tail rotors with Gurney flaps

Gurney Flaps (GFs) are used for improving the performance of variable speed tail rotors. A validated analytical helicopter model able to predict the main and tail rotor power is utilized. The fixed height GF has substantially small influence on the tail rotor power in hover and low to medium speed forward flight, and can obtain significant power reduction in high speed flight. This ability can be enhanced by decreasing the tail rotor speed. With the deployment of GF, the collective pitch of the tail rotor decreases, and the maximum tail rotor thrust increases. The GF can compensate the reduction of the maximum thrust by the decrease in the tail rotor speed. The GF with a height of 5% of the chord length can almost remedy 50% of the thrust reduction introduced by decreasing 10% of the tail rotor speed. With the increase of GF height, the maximum thrust generated by the tail rotor increases. The GF with larger height can cause the increase in the tail rotor power in hover and low to medium speed flight. The retractable GF can obtain more power savings than the fixed height GF. However, the benefit is substantially small even in high speed flight. Considering the side effects introduced by the active GF, the fixed height GF may be more preferable. The mechanism for the retractable GF to generate more tail rotor thrust is to increase the lift in advancing side due to the higher dynamic pressure.     

航天科研单位绩效考核体系探讨

文章对航天科研单位的绩效考核体系的现状进行深入地分析，总结出绩效考核落后的几点原因，并在此基础上提出改进措施。     

检定模拟示波器测量不确定度评定

对模拟示波器的主要性能参数（垂直偏转系数、扫描时间系数、脉冲瞬态响应）的不确定度评定做了详细介绍。     

基金投资组合业绩评价的实证分析

本文采用应用较为广泛、成熟的基金收益率、特雷诺指数、詹森指数、夏普指数对具有代表意义的十只基金进行了实证分析。考虑到全面和准确性，本文也采用了市场组合和国泰君安组合两个基准进行了基金的评价，并对计算结果做出了分析。     

涡扇发动机最小红外特征模式性能寻优控制研究

为抑制涡扇发动机排气系统的红外特征,提出一种基于红外预测模型的最小红外特征模式性能寻优控制。首先,建立一种排气系统正后向红外辐射强度简化预测模型,该预测方法考虑了排气系统内高温部件和尾喷流的红外辐射,以及尾喷流对高温部件红外辐射的吸收作用,具有可信的仿真精度;其次,基于涡扇发动机部件级实时仿真模型,增加了从外涵引气冷却中心锥和尾喷管扩张段内壁的冷却结构和红外预测模块;最后,基于该模型探索了最小红外特征模式的优化原理,并选用可行序列二次规划(FSQP)算法,通过控制高温壁面冷却气的流量,主燃烧室的燃油量以及尾喷管喉道面积,对两个亚声速巡航状态的工作点进行实时优化。仿真结果表明:在满足发动机推力恒定以及其他约束条件的前提下,发动机通过最小红外特征模式性能寻优控制,其排气系统后向红外辐射下降了30%以上,红外抑制效果显著。     

金属/水反应冲压发动机理论性能计算与分析

基于水与金属燃料反应的水冲压发动机是一种新型的水下动力装置。为了研究水下冲压发动机的基本性能，在简述热力计算原理的基础上，以含铝贫氧推进剂为例对燃气发生器式水冲压发动机、以铝金属燃料为例对漩流式水冲压发动机进行了不同工作状态下的热力计算，得出了发动机比冲与水燃比、工作压强等之间的定性关系。     

基于卡尔曼滤波和主元分析的发动机性能衰退

在给定测量参数基础上,通过非线性估计得到对应离散时刻的部件性能参数,利用数据插值方法扩充测量参数。利用主元分析方法对这些测量参数进行分解,提取反映性能衰退的成分,以此构造反映性能变化的统计量,假定该统计量服从,分布,对性能衰退情况做进一步分析,得到在10000时间点附近性能衰退最为严重,已超过阀值,与前面参数估计结果相符。用部件性能衰退分析方法对发动机性能状况监控,为及时采取维护措施提供了一定的指导作用。