应用激光测高仪提高测绘卫星定位精度的研究

双线阵立体测绘卫星定位对外方位元素的测量精度要求高,然而布设控制点成本高,缺少全世界范围内的控制点。针对这一问题,提出应用星载激光测高仪提高定位精度的方法。首先,分析了双线阵立体测绘卫星和激光测高仪的误差特性,即测绘相机定位精度受外方位角元素影响比较大,激光测高仪高程精度受角元素影响相对较小。然后,论证了用激光测高仪提高定位精度的可行性。在相同的卫星平台定向辅助数据下,激光测高仪高程精度要比测绘相机高得多,可以作为高程约束提高定位精度。最后,应用光束法平差原理对激光测高数据作为高程约束进行了仿真试验。结果表明,加入激光测高数据可将双线阵立体测绘卫星的高程精度由8.0m提高到约3.5m。此方法可为实现全球无控制点测绘提供一定参考。     

全环涡轮级间燃烧室性能试验

以涡轮级间燃烧室(ITB)应用于涡轴发动机为研究平台,根据ITB的应用环境,采用凹腔驻涡燃烧室作为涡轮级间燃烧室,设计加工了全环凹腔驻涡燃烧室试验件,并进行了性能试验研究.试验结果表明:该燃烧室的贫油点火边界余气系数为10.2,降低驻涡凹腔体内外压差有利于点火;与常规燃烧室相比,燃烧室的燃烧效率偏低,但燃烧效率随进口温度的升高逐步加大;燃烧室的总压恢复系数较小,进口温度对燃烧室的总压恢复系数影响不大;燃烧室出口温度场分布较好,出口温度分布系数(OTDF)随进口温度的升高而减小;随着进口温度的提高,火焰筒壁温会局部偏高,火焰筒的冷却设计需优化改进.      

火焰筒结构局部热屈曲分析方法

根据局部热屈曲的失效机理,考虑局部温度和压应力水平两个热屈曲主要因素,从以应力函数和挠度函数为变量的受热板控制方程出发,推导出薄壁结构热屈曲失稳边界的判据表达式.依据确定的热载荷和设计的压力载荷,确定火焰筒结构的局部热屈曲危险部位,并将子模型技术引入到热屈曲分析中,确定危险部位的临界温度和临界压应力,以此对火焰筒结构进行局部热屈曲判别.通过工程实例的初步验证,计算与试验结果吻合良好,对火焰筒结构设计具有重要的工程应用价值.     

Investigation of straightforward impedance eduction method on single-degree-of-freedom acoustic liners

In order to address the current aircraft noise problem, the knowledge of impedance of acoustic liners subjected to high-intensity sound and grazing flow is of crucial importance to the design of high-efficiency acoustic nacelles. To this end, the present study is twofold. Firstly, the StraightForward impedance eduction Method (SFM) is evaluated by the strategy that the impedance of a liner specimen is firstly experimentally educed on a flow duct using the SFM, and then its accuracy is checked by comparing the numerical prediction with the measured wall sound pressure of the flow duct. Secondly, the effects of grazing flow and high-intensity sound on the impedance behavior of two single-layer liners are investigated based on comparisons between educed impedance and predictions by three impedance models. The performance of the SFM is validated by showing that the educed impedance leads to excellent agreement between the simulation and the measured wall sound pressure for different grazing flow Mach numbers and Sound Pressure Levels (SPLs) and over a frequency range from 3000?Hz down to 500?Hz. The grazing flow effect generally has the tendency that the acoustic resistance exhibits a slight decrease before it increases linearly with an increase in Mach, predicted successfully by the sound-vortex interaction theoretical model and the Kooi semi-empirical impedance model. However, the Goodrich semi-empirical impedance model gives only a simple linear relation of acoustic resistance starting from Mach zero. Additionally, when the SPL increases from 110 to 140?dB in the present investigation, the acoustic resistance exhibits a significant increase at all frequencies in the absence of flow; however, the resistance decreases slightly under a grazing flow of Mach 0.117. It indicates that the SPL effect can be greatly inhibited when flow is present, and the grazing flow effect can be reduced partly as well at a relatively high SPL.     

Control of squealer-tip leakage flow with perforated-rib coolant injection in an axial turbine cascade

A novel perforated-rib configuration is proposed for controlling the tip leakage flow at the rotor tip of an axial turbine. Three perforated-rib layouts are considered, wherein a perforated rib is installed at (A) the Suction-Side squealer (SS-rib), (B) the Pressure-Side squealer (PS-rib), and (C) the additional squealer along the blade Camber Line (CL-rib). A numerical method is used to show how the novel rib layouts affect the aerodynamic performance of the tip leakage flow. Results show that the coolant jets issuing from the perforated-rib injection holes penetrate deeper into the tip clearance than those in the baseline squealer-tip case, and how the perforated-rib coolant injection affects the tip leakage flow depends strongly on the rib layout. The PS-rib and CL-rib layouts appear promising for controlling the tip leakage flow, playing a significant role in reducing the total pressure loss and improving the turbine blade’s isentropic efficiency. In particular, under an injection mass flow ratio of 1% and a tip clearance of 1% blade span, the PS-rib layout reduces the leakage mass flow rate by 27% and increases the isentropic efficiency by 1.25% compared with those in the baseline squealer-tip case. Meanwhile, the advantages of the PS-rib layout in tip leakage control are confirmed under small and large tip clearances.     

自紧工艺对CFRP气瓶应力水平的影响

文摘利用ABAQUS有限元软件,对铝内胆结构的CFRP气瓶进行了分析,根据其结构建立了模型,采用二维Hashin失效准则对纤维缠绕层进行了渐进失效分析,包含了4种失效模式,纤维及基体的拉伸和压缩失效。研究了不同失效模式的萌生和分布规律。对自紧原理对气瓶的影响进行了研究。分析得出只有当气瓶承载压力大于自紧工艺压力时,内衬PEEQ值才会在自紧工艺后继续发生累积,气瓶自紧力开始失效。     

基于模态发生器的进气道风扇噪声及声衬降噪实验

为研究发动机进气道风扇噪声特性及声衬降噪效果,使用模态发生器提供声源,采用固定麦克风阵列和旋转扫描耙装置测量进气道内噪声信号,进而利用周向和径向模态分解方法得到声模态幅值,对影响模态分解结果的关键因素进行了研究.对周向模态在时域内进行分解,得到幅值和相位的时变特性.最后完成了2套声衬实验件降噪效果测试.结果表明:模态发...