Trajectory control strategy of cathodes in blisk electrochemical machining

A turbine blisk, which combines blades and a disk together, is one of the most important components of an aero engine. In the process of blisk electrochemical machining (ECM), the sheet cathode, which is usually used as a tool electrode, has a complicated structure. In addition to that, the channel between the adjacent blades is narrow and twisted, so interference is apt to happen when the sheet cathode feeds into the channel. Therefore, it is important to choose suitable trajectory control strategy. In this paper, a new trajectory control strategy of the sheet cathode is presented and corresponding simulation analysis is conducted on the basis of an actual blisk model. The simulation results demonstrate that the sheet cathode can feed into the channel by a spatial line trajectory without interference. Moreover, the verification experiments are carried out according to the simulation. The experimental results show that the cathode can move into the channel without interference. It is verified that the new trajectory control strategy is correct and can be used in the blisk ECM process successfully.     

基于UG的喷注器冷却通道的机床仿真加工

在分析了喷注器壳体上冷却通道的结构特点和数控加工工艺的基础上,利用UG／ISV软件进行冷却通道的辅助加工,同时对喷注器三维模型的建立、加工过程参数的选用及刀具轨迹编程和加工仿真进行了详细介绍,并用五轴机床进行了加工实验,保证了加工质量,提高了加工效率。     

弱刚度结构件的加工变形控制技术研究

针对弱刚度结构件加工变形难以控制的问题,在对其加工难点和加工变形影响因素进行概括的基础上,提出了弱刚度结构件加工变形控制的工艺改进过程框图,从七个方面对其加工变形控制技术进行了研究。     

保证数控铣加工的尺寸精度

本文介绍了数控编程和数控加工中保证零件的尺寸和公差要求的方法。一种方法是用公差的中间值作为终点坐标的尺寸编程;另一种方法是用公称尺寸编程,用公差的中间值作与公称尺寸的差值作为刀补值,通过刀具补偿保证尺寸要求。     

数控加工运动的平滑处理

为了满足高速加工的要求,提出假设圆弧过渡法来处理两相邻运动矢量拐角处的速度,过渡小圆弧的半径能随加工精度的变化而自动地调整,通过限制加工小圆弧的最大速度来限制拐角处的速度,利用超前分析的方法,根据减速所需的最大距离提出了一种多程序段运动平滑算法,实现进给速度提前减速,从而防止刀具在拐角处发生过载,并有效地减少了工件形状在拐角处,或小半径圆弧的加工误差;用等效的梯形加减速方法实现了S型曲线加减速的分析,导出了S型曲线加减速实时精确的插补算法,从而克服了用查表法来近似计算速度的缺点。这些算法简单、有效,已在最新开发的高速铣床上得到应用。在高速加工时获得了高的加工精度。     

多点切触加工中的局部干涉分析

为了消除多点切触加工刀位计算的局部干涉,通过对中凹端铣刀和工件曲面之间的几何接触状况分析,得到了多点切触加工算法的局部干涉判别条件.利用微分几何得到了多点切触加工刀位中刀具和工件的交线在第一切触点处的曲率半径和刀具曲率半径的比值,结合局部干涉判别条件,得到无干涉的多点切触加工约束的解区域.结果表明无论曲面为何种样式,必须选择第二切触点在曲率较大的主方向附近的解区域中,再使用多点切触加工算法算出的刀位,才有可能不发生过切现象.      

Aviation-oriented Micromachining Technology-Micro-ECM in Pure Water

This article proposes a precise and ecofriendly micromachining technology for aerospace application called electrochemical machining in pure water （PW-ECM）. On the basis of the principles of water dissociation, a series of test setups and tests are devised and performed under different conditions. These tests explain the need for technological conditions realizing PW-ECM, and further explore the technological principles. The results from the tests demonstrate a successful removal of electrolytic slime by means of ultrasonic vibration of the workpiece. To ensure the stability and reliability of PW-ECM process, a new combined machining method of PW-ECM assisted with ultrasonic vibration （PW-ECM/USV） is devised. Trilateral and square cavities and holes as well as a group of English alphabets are worked out on a stainless steel plate. It is confirmed that PW-ECM will be probably an efficient new aviation precision machining method.     

基于负载变化的超声振子电学性能试验研究

针对超声波加工中振幅衰减和振幅不稳定现象,通过超声振子的静态加载试验,分析了轴向与径向加工负载力对超声振子电学特性的影响规律,以及超声振子电学参数的变化对超声振幅的影响机制。结果表明,超声振子的电学参数在径向负载力与轴向负载力的影响下有相似的变化趋势,即超声振子谐振频率与动态电阻随着负载力的增加而单向增大,动态电感与动态电容有相反的变化趋势,二者的综合效果使谐振频率随着负载力的增加而增大,静态电容在一定范围内波动,当超声振子所受的负载力增大到一定值时,超声振子的低频谐振点会消失。依据理论分析与试验研究结果,提出了改善振幅衰减和振幅不稳定现象的措施。     

Flow field design and process stability in electrochemical machining of diamond holes

The metal grille, commonly composed of an amount of diamond holes, has been grow-ingly used as a key structure on stealth aircraft. Electrochemical machining (ECM) promises to be increasingly applied in aircraft manufacturing on the condition that process stability is guaranteed. In this work, a flow field model was designed to improve the process stability. This model is endowed with a variety of flow channel features, together with vibrating feeding modes. The flow field distribution on the bottom surface of the diamond hole was discussed and evaluated as well. The numerical results show that a short arc flow channel could significantly enhance the uniformity of electrolyte velocity distribution and a vibrating feeding of the cathode enables to reduce both fluctuations of the electrolyte velocity and pressure on the bottom surface of the diamond hole. Consequently, the flow field mutations were eliminated. It is verified from the experimental results that a short arc flow channel, when combined with vibrating feeding, is capable of improving machining localization and process stability markedly. What is more, the side gap on the bottom surface of the diamond hole could also be reduced by the abovementioned approach.     

被动阻尼减振技术及数控加工应用

切削颤振导致工件加工表面质量恶化、切削效率降低以及刀具磨损加剧等系列危害.抑制颤振对航空制造业实现高质、高效加工有重要意义,尤其是在薄壁件加工时.作为工程领域振动抑制的一种重要方法,被动阻尼减振技术实施简单、效果明显、可靠性较高,在切削领域的应用正逐渐得到重视.