用于交互式计算机图形显示的教学软件系统

人和计算机之间的直观会话是CAD/CAM技术的基础。因此,交互式计算机图形显示这一课程教学乃是CAD/CAM技术教育的重要组成部分之一。本文所提供的教学软件系统包括了交互式计算机图形显示的基本内容。该软件系统不仅可以用于技术演示,而且可供学员自己进行实验学习,并具有方便和直观的特点。这个教学软件系统运行于IBM-PC微机及其兼容机,易于推广普及。     

B/L湍流模型在强压力梯度流场计算中的应用

对在湍流计算中已得到广泛应用的Ｂａｌｄｗｉｎ／Ｌｏｍａｘ（Ｂ／Ｌ）代数湍流模型进行了修正。修正后的Ｂ／Ｌ模型考虑了压力梯度及物面引射速度对内层ＶａｎＤｒｉｅｓｔ衰减因子的影响。与此同时,文中还用修正的Ｂ／Ｌ湍流模型对亚声平板附面层流动、拉伐尔喷管内的正激波／湍流附面层干扰流动进行了计算。计算与实验结果比较表明,修正后的Ｂ／Ｌ模型不仅可以更准确地计算具有强压力梯度的激波／附面层干扰区内流动压力分布,而且还可以准确地预报激波／附面层干扰引起的流动分离,从而为Ｂ／Ｌ模型的工程应用开拓了领域。     

非定常同向激波边界层干扰的实验和数值模拟

运动激波在波前同向气流中传播时与壁面附近边界层发生的相互作用,既不同于定常的激波边界层干扰,也与普通激波管中端壁反射激波与边界层的作用有很大差异。通过实验和数值模拟对这一问题进行研究表明,激波与边界层作用后,波面在壁面附近发生了明显弯曲,且触及壁面;弯曲的激波与壁面进一步作用后发生反射,由于波前气流速度不同,这种反射存在规则反射和马赫反射两种类型;由于激波反射,波后壁面附近形成了一个高压区;激波与边界层作用后,波后边界层内出现了一系列高低压区相间的流场结构。     

前飞状态直升机旋翼/机身非定常气动干扰的分析

一个计算旋翼/机身/尾迹间非定常气动干扰的分析方法是建立在二阶升力线/全展自由涡模型和机身面元模型基础之上的。通过迭代机身在桨盘平面、尾迹定位点的诱导速度和旋翼/尾迹在机身表面的诱导速度,形成一个耦合的分析模型。在分析中计入了非定常项。作为算例,对两种孤立机身表面的平均压强系数分布以及旋翼机身组合体中机身表面的非定常压强系数分布进行了计算,其结果与实验值相吻合。     

Study of geometric parameters for the design of short intakes with fan modelling

The flow over a short intake is characterised by a strong interaction with the fan, that can only be captured when the rotor blades are modelled in the numerical simulations. In this paper, we use a coupled methodology to derive indications about relevant geometric variables affecting the high-incidence operation of an ultra-high bypass ratio turbofan intake with a length-to-diameter ratio of 0.35. By reproducing the effect of the fan through a body force model, we carry out a parametric study o...     

Experimental study of hysteresis and catastrophe in a cavity-based scramjet combustor

Hystereses and catastrophes were experimentally investigated in a cavity-based scramjet combustor. The inflow Mach number was 3.0. Fuel Equivalence Ratio(ER) was continuously regulated with multi-steps to explore influences of historical regulation directions on combustion states. Two divided hysteresis loops with catastrophes were observed. By 1-D flow estimations,the first loop occurred with shock-free/separated scramjet mode transitions, while the second kept in the separated scramjet mode. T...     

高超声速绕平板上直立圆柱流动特性研究

以平板上直立平无限谪圆柱体为研究对象，采用和Ｒｏｅ三阶通量差分分裂格式求解雷诺平均Ｎ－Ｓ方程，数值模拟研究了高超声速且壁面有传热条件下三维流流场的激波边界层干扰特性，物面压力分布计算值与值吻合良好，数值模拟结果可见圆柱上游分离区流场是一个马蹄形五涡结构且存在有二次分离激波，这是一种值得深入研究的流动新现象。     

气动阀门自激振动机理及动态稳定性

基于弹簧振子的扰动响应特性,提出了气动阀门气固耦合自激振动的稳定性机理.以单向阀为例,根据小扰动原理,构建系统的气固耦合动力学模型及稳定性模型,通过求解线性方程组的特征根,得到了单向阀系统的稳定工作区间及参数影响特性,稳定性分析模型的有效性由单向阀气动试验验证.对于单向阀,存在压力-流量的临界稳定性曲线.工作压力一定时,当单向阀工作流量小于相应压力下的临界稳定流量,单向阀处于不稳定状态,一个微小的扰动都将会导致阀芯周期性振荡;反之,单向阀工作稳定,阀芯将处于稳定开度.增加单向阀阀芯阻尼、弹簧刚度及减小阀门进口直径在一定程度上将有助于提高单向阀的工作稳定性.     

Study of parachute inflation process using fluid–structure interaction method

A direct numerical modeling method for parachute is proposed firstly, and a model for the star-shaped folded parachute with detailed structures is established. The simplified arbitrary Lagrangian–Eulerian fluid–structure interaction(SALE/FSI) method is used to simulate the inflation process of a folded parachute, and the flow field calculation is mainly based on operator splitting technique. By using this method, the dynamic variations of related parameters such as flow field and structure are obtained, and the load jump appearing at the end of initial inflation stage is captured. Numerical results including opening load, drag characteristics, swinging angle, etc. are well consistent with wind tunnel tests. In addition, this coupled method can get more space–time detailed information such as geometry shape, structure, motion, and flow field. Compared with previous inflation time method, this method is a completely theoretical analysis approach without relying on empirical coefficients, which can provide a reference for material selection, performance optimization during parachute design.     

非定常运动下的激波/边界层干扰分离特性研究

采用高精度数值方法求解非定常雷诺平均N-S方程和单自由度强迫俯仰运动方程,研究二维压缩拐角模型在等速抬头/低头和周期性俯仰振动等运动方式下的非定常激波/边界层干扰问题,考察角速度、振幅和频率等参数对分离区非定常变化规律的影响。结果表明,压缩拐角等速抬头运动时分离区减小、等速低头运动时分离区增大,周期性俯仰振动时分离点、再附点以及分离区大小的变化都与模型振动频率相同。与相同来流条件下定姿态计算对比分析表明,压缩拐角壁面运动产生的非定常迟滞作用使分离区大小变化减慢,俯仰振动振幅对分离区大小变化影响较大、而对变化的相位影响较小,而振动频率的改变对分离区大小变化的相位影响很大、对分离区大小影响较小。