Variation of the orbital elements for parabolic trajectories due to a small impulse using Gauss equations

Firstly we derive Gauss’ perturbation equation for parabolic motion using Murray–Dermott and Kovalevsky procedures. Secondly, we easily deduce the variations of the orbital elements for the parabolic trajectories due to a small impulse at any point along the path and at the vertex of the parabola.     

民用飞机襟翼电子控制装置需求及控制仿真

襟翼系统是飞机系统中的重要系统,襟翼电子控制装置是襟翼系统的核心部件,研究其需求对飞机的 性能和安全具有重要影响。针对襟翼电子控制装置,介绍襟翼系统的功能需求、性能需求及接口需求等设计输 入;对民用飞机襟翼系统架构及工作原理进行概述,分析系统正常工作及故障保护的控制逻辑;用 Simulink的 Stateflow 对工作模式的转换进行仿真,通过 GUI建立良好的用户界面。结果表明:襟翼电子控制装置工作模 式之间的约束条件、襟翼收放的控制律、马达各阶段的加速度等设计参数符合需求,可为民用飞机襟翼控制分 系统设计提供参考。     

低雷诺数下双元素翼帆的襟翼几何参数对其推进特性影响研究

为了研究大型船舶在航行中翼帆对其推进性能的影响规律,本文建立了一种双元素翼帆模型,并采用雷诺平均N-S方程在定常和非定常工况下对襟翼几何参数变化的模型进行数值仿真。结果表明,双元素翼帆气动特性的改变体现了襟翼旋转轴位置、襟翼偏转角以及缝隙宽度之间的非线性耦合作用。襟翼旋转轴位置的前移实际上是增大了缝隙宽度,进而增加了流过缝隙的流体,避免了主翼尾流的流动分离。然而,襟翼旋转轴位置的前移距离也受到襟翼偏转角的限制,在襟翼偏转角为25°、攻角为6°,当襟翼旋转轴位置由90%前移到85%时,襟翼吸力面发生了大尺度流动分离。襟翼旋转轴位置不宜过于靠前或靠后,当相对缝隙宽度为2.4%时襟翼旋转轴位置为85%较为合理。     

A319飞机电瓶低电压导致襟缝翼故障分析

以A319飞机曾出现的襟缝翼系统疑难故障为案例,以故障现象为切入点,结合系统原理和相关线路图进行深入的分析,找出了故障根源。希望此排故思路能为同行参考。     

波音737NG飞机后缘襟翼常见故障分析及解决措施

针对波音737NG系列飞机运行期间常见的后缘襟翼系统典型故障进行了分析与整理,总结并提出了一些实践中可行的改进方法和措施。     

带控制舵钝双锥削面体的气动特性研究

提出了带控制舵的钝双锥削面体飞行器气动布局概念,计算分析了其压心特性、升阻比特性、配平特性及操纵效率问题,同时还研究了纵向稳定配平条件下的航向安定性问题及动稳定性问题,并与带配平翼的钝双锥削面体外形进行了比较.两类外形的典型空间机动动作不同,操纵方式也各不相同:控制舵削面体具有更大的配平攻角变化范围和操纵效率,较小的舵面等效攻角有利于舵面防热及结构设计,而且俯仰配平时的航向安定性及动稳定性较好;而配平翼钝双锥削面体可采用迎风及背风进行俯仰控制,结合侧翼的扩张及迎风翼的差动实现空间"Z"形机动.     

带连续变弯度后缘操纵面机翼的动态失速减缓

主动偏转后缘操纵面可以减小翼型动态失速对气动特性产生的不利影响。研究连续变弯度后缘操纵面在减缓翼型动态失速方面的性能,利用CFD 结合动网格方法,计算NACA 0012 翼型在大幅度俯仰振荡时的非定常气动力;从减缓效果和能量需求两个方面,对比传统刚性操纵面和两种连续变弯度操纵面的动态失速减缓性能。结果表明：当后缘操纵面按正弦脉冲规律偏转时,可以推迟前缘涡的产生,加速后缘涡的发展,降低压力分布在后缘的峰值,进而减小动态失速时翼型的低头力矩极值;后缘操纵面的弯度构型会影响减缓效果,在相同的偏转策略下,弯度描述函数为2 阶多项式的连续变弯度操纵面的减缓效果最好,且能量需求最小。     

面对称重复使用运载器尾部喷流风洞试验

研究面对称重复使用运载器尾部发动机的喷流干扰特性对于飞行器设计具有重要意义。在中国航天空气动力技术研究院的FD-12风洞中开展了亚/跨声速飞行条件下的喷流试验。试验使用常温压缩空气作为喷流介质模拟发动机的高温燃气,采用的相似参数包括：飞行器的几何外形尺寸、飞行器的飞行马赫数、发动机喷管的出口马赫数、发动机喷流与自由来流静压比。试验结果表明了发动机喷流对全飞行器气动特性和体襟翼铰链力矩的影响随来流马赫数、喷管、体襟翼偏角等因素的变化规律。     

Water movement on the convex surfaces of porous media under microgravity

A plant growth system for crop production under microgravity is part of a life supporting system designed for long-duration space missions. A plant growth in soil in space requires the understanding of water movement in soil void spaces under microgravity. Under 1G-force condition, on earth, water movement in porous media is driven by gradients of matric and gravitational potentials. Under microgravity condition, water movement in porous media is supposed to be driven only by a matric potential gradient, but it is still not well understood. We hypothesized that under microgravity water in void spaces of porous media hardly moved comparing in void spaces without obstacles because the concave surfaces of the porous media hindered water movement. The objective of this study was to investigate water movement on the convex surfaces of porous media under microgravity. We conducted parabolic flight experiments that provided 20–25?s of microgravity at the top of a parabolic flight. We observed water movement in void spaces in soil-like porous media made by glass beads and glass spheres (round-bottomed glass flasks) in the different conditions of water injection under microgravity. Without water injection, water did not move much in neither glass beads nor glass spheres. When water was injected during microgravity, water accumulated in contacts between the particles, and the water made thick fluid films on the particles surface. When the water injection was stopped under microgravity, water was held in the contacts between the particles. This study showed that water did not move upward in the void spaces with or without the water injection. In addition, our results suggested that the difficulty of water movement on the convex (i.e. particle surfaces) might result in slower water move in porous media under microgravity than at 1G-force.     

后缘锯齿襟翼对翼型气动特性的影响研究

针对在翼型后缘增加锯齿襟翼与格尼襟翼的差异性,以及二者对翼型的空气动力特性有何改善等问题,在某民用运输机机翼翼型下表面后缘处增加锯齿襟翼,对其进行了空气动力特性试验和计算。结果表明,增加一定高度的后缘锯齿襟翼,能够减弱和改变翼型下表面后缘处气流的流动,从而减少和改变翼型下表面尾涡的涡量和涡量变化率,达到增加翼型升力、减小翼型阻力的目的。