STUDY ON FLAP SIDE-EDGE NOISE BASED ON THE FLY-OVER MEASUREMENTS WITH A PLANAR MICROPHONE ARRAY

After the significant progress that has beenachieved in engine noise reduction in the last twodecades,the airframe noise of civil transportshas now become a major concern for noise certi-fication and environmental considerations.Con-sequently,aircraft manufacturers and researchcenters have been working on airframe noisewith the objectives of developing reliable noiseprediction schemes and reducing aerodynamicnoise generation at the source in recentyears[1～ 2 ] .　　 Of all the airframe noise …     

Numerical investigation of co-flow jet airfoil with parabolic flap

Both the Active Flow Control (AFC) and the variable-camber technology are considered as efficient ways to enhance the aerodynamic performance of an aircraft. The present study investigated the feasibility of the combination of a Co-Flow Jet (CFJ) airfoil and a parabolic flap, where the Reynolds Average Navier-Stokes (RANS) equations and the Spalart-Allmaras (S-A) turbulence model were exploited for the numerical simulation. Several significant geometric parameters, including the injection slot location, the suction slot location, the injection slot angle, the suction slot angle and the airfoil Suction Surface Translation (SST), were selected to study their effects on the aerodynamics of the proposed configuration. Then, an optimized design was created and compared with the baseline airfoil. The results show that the CFJ airfoil combined with the parabolic flap is more beneficial to the aerodynamic performance enhancement at small angles of attack. It is preferable to locate the injection slot at a 2% chord-wise location and the suction slot at a 75% chord-wise location. Both the decrease of the injection slot angle and the augmentation of the suction slot angle could reduce the drag. Furthermore, the SST of 0.5% chord is selected due to its high gain in the corrected aerodynamic efficiency at small angles of attack. Compared with the baseline, the optimized design could increase the lift coefficient and the corrected lift-to-drag ratio by 32.1% and 93.8% respectively at the angle of attack α = 4°.     

带有机动襟翼的飞机在下击暴流中的特性分析

本文建立了任意风场中带有机动襟翼的飞机的纵向小扰动模型,研究了在下击暴流中,机动襟翼对飞机动态特性的影响,以及接通或断开机动襟翼控制系统的瞬间飞机的稳定性。所得结果对带机动襟翼的飞机的设计有一定参考价值。     

电控旋翼气弹设计参数研究

以有限元旋翼气弹分析程序LORA01为基础，建立了电控旋翼的气弹分析模型，给出了一种有效的旋翼／襟翼耦合配平方法。以此为基础，选取改造后的SA349旋翼为基准旋翼，对电控旋翼的若干设计参数进行了分析研究。这些参数包括：桨叶预安装角、桨根弹簧扭转刚度、襟翼长度、襟翼中点径向位置、襟翼弦长比以及襟翼移轴补偿率。通过参数分析得到适宜的取值范围，可作为电控旋翼设计的理论基础。     

机动襟翼对纵向PIO的影响

机动襟翼在我国是一项刚被采用的新技术，而驾驶员诱发振荡是严重威胁飞行安全并一直困扰航空界的一大难题，主要通过对机动襟翼调节规律的分析，建立包括机动襟翼在向的人－机闭环系统数学模型，从而计算了分析机动襟翼对纵向驾驶员诱发振荡的影响，并以某机为例，对该机机动襟翼整个工作范围内的各飞行状态，有无机动襟翼两种情况下的ＰＩＯ进行了仿真计算。结果表明，机动襟翼设计合理，对ＰＩＯ影响不大。     

外吹式襟翼动力增升效果评估方法

外吹式动力增升襟翼可以有效地缩短运输类飞机的起降距离,其增升效果评估方法是运输机动力增升设计的关键技术之一。本文采用基准气动力耦合速度修正方法,发展了一套适用于外吹式襟翼动力增升效果快速评估的计算方法;该方法充分考虑了动力增升飞机性能计算对气动力数据的需求,解决了传统推力系数法的小速度大推力系数求解限制问题、无法准确求解离地速度以及多速度点气动力求解引起的计算效率问题。以某运输机为例,分析了其气动力及起飞性能,对其外吹式襟翼动力增升效果进行了评估,验证了方法的正确性。研究表明:通过优化动力增升襟翼偏转角,起飞滑跑距离最大减小量可达到25%;过大的襟翼偏转角将显著地增加飞机阻力,不利于缩短起飞滑跑距离。研究工作对运输机的外吹式动力增升襟翼设计,具有一定的工程指导价值。     

扰流片分离流动特性的数值研究

在非结构网格下,采用SIMPLE算法结合两层带状边界层模型求解雷诺平均N-S方程.研究了底部间隙对平板扰流片引起的分离再附流动结构的影响.结果表明带底部间隙扰流片的流动结构主要由顶部绕流和底部间隙射流影响.底部间隙的大小决定了射流的强度,最终决定了绕流的结构.随着底部间隙的增大,绕流经历了封闭单涡回流区、射流干扰回流区以及平板绕流3种流动结构.它们之间的分界点分别是用扰流片宽无量纲间隙g/h=0.2,0.4.底部间隙0.2＜g/h＜0.4,底板压力分布基本保持不变,因此不会影响其应用于飞机部件的静态气动特性.      

Gurney flap—Lift enhancement,mechanisms and applications

Since its invention by a race car driver Dan Gurney in 1960s, the Gurney flap has been used to enhance the aerodynamics performance of subsonic and supercritical airfoils, high-lift devices and delta wings. In order to take stock of recent research and development of Gurney flap, we have carried out a review of the characteristics and mechanisms of lift enhancement by the Gurney flap and its applications. Optimum design of the Gurney flap is also summarized in this paper. For the Gurney flap to be effective, it should be mounted at the trailing edge perpendicular to the chord line of airfoil or wing. The flap height must be of the order of local boundary layer thickness. For subsonic airfoils, an additional Gurney flap increases the pressure on the upstream surface of the Gurney flap, which increases the total pressure of the lower surface. At the same time, a long wake downstream of the flap containing a pair of counter-rotating vortices can delay or eliminate the flow separation near the trailing edge on the upper surface. Correspondingly, the total suction on the airfoil is increased. For supercritical airfoils, the lift enhancement of the Gurney flap mainly comes from its ability to shift the shock on the upper surface in the downstream. Applications of the Gurney flap to modern aircraft design are also discussed in this review.     

航天器可展SAR天线结构综述

论述了航天器径向肋式、缠绕肋式、构架式和环形桁架式四种抛物面可展SAR天线结构的研究现状,分析了四种抛物面可展SAR天线结构的特点,分别对航天器翼式、桁架式和薄膜式三种平面可展SAR天线结构进行了综述,指出了航天器可展SAR天线结构轻质、大收纳比和高精度的发展趋势,提出了航天器可展SAR天线实现展开高精度需攻克的关键技术,旨在为航天器可展SAR天线结构的创新发展提供参考。     

脉冲吹气对无缝襟翼翼型气动性能的影响

只有采用足够小的能量输入,获取更大的空气动力收益后,主动流动控制才有可能在真实飞机上获得更广泛的应用。脉冲吹气比定常吹气所需能量更少,控制效果更好,在改善翼型气动性能上得到广泛的研究。数值模拟了脉冲频率、占空比、动量系数等参数对无缝襟翼翼型升阻特性的影响规律,研究表明,脉冲频率接近于涡脱落频率时增升效果最好,当脉冲频率小于涡脱落频率时,阻力增加,当脉冲频率为涡脱落频率2倍时,阻力减小最多;动量系数较小时,占空比越小,冲击效应越强,增升效果越好;动量系数小于临界动量系数时,脉冲吹气增升效果优于定常吹气,当动量系数大于临界动量系数时,脉冲吹气控制效果低于定常吹气。研究脉冲吹气参数对翼型性能的影响规律,对采用周期性激励增升减阻、舵面增效的飞行器设计具有一定参考意义。