双机平面格斗的一些问题——一种处理“二重角色”的方法

 结合坐标变换和能控区及微分对策方法,本文提出较为细缀的一种处理双机格斗“二重角色”问题的方法。分析了捕捉区、逃避区和危险区,有助于飞行员在空战格斗中采取有利于自己的控制。本文在空战格斗的对策模型中,考虑了双方匀变速运动。     

应用非线性模型预测控制的绳系卫星Halo轨道保持控制

针对哑铃型绳系卫星在圆形限制性三体问题(CRTBP)中的Halo轨道保持控制问题,应用非线性模型预测控制(NMPC)方法设计了Halo轨道保持控制器。首先采用摄动法得到目标Halo轨道,通过跟踪目标轨道上一运动点,将其转化为目标跟踪控制问题,然后设计非线性模型预测控制器对其进行跟踪控制。利用4阶Ronge-Kutta法对原非线性模型进行离散化,将预测控制中的有限时域最优问题转化为非线性规划问题进行求解,得到下一周期的控制量。最后通过数值仿真验证了即使在初始位置偏差较大的情况下,所设计的控制器只需要很少的速度增量就可使绳系卫星系统运动至目标轨道,并精确地保持在目标轨道上。     

A memetic algorithm for path planning of curvature-constrained UAVs performing surveillance of multiple ground targets

The problem of generating optimal paths for curvature-constrained unmanned aerial vehicles （UAVs） performing surveillance of multiple ground targets is addressed in this paper. UAVs are modeled as Dubins vehicles so that the constraints of UAVs＇ minimal turning radius can be taken into account. In view of the effective surveillance range of the sensors equipped on UAVs, the problem is formulated as a Dubins traveling salesman problem with neighborhood （DTSPN）. Considering its prohibitively high computational complexity, the Dubins paths in the sense of terminal heading relaxation are introduced to simplify the calculation of the Dubins distance, and a boundary-based encoding scheme is proposed to determine the visiting point of every target neighborhood. Then, an evolutionary algorithm is used to derive the optimal Dubins tour. To further enhance the quality of the solutions, a local search strategy based on approximate gradient is employed to improve the visiting points of target neighborhoods. Finally, by a minor modification to the individual encoding, the algorithm is easily extended to deal with other two more sophisticated DTSPN variants （multi-UAV scenario and multiple groups of targets scenario）. The performance of the algorithm is demonstrated through comparative experiments with other two state-of-the-art DTSPN algorithms identified in literature. Numerical simulations exhibit that the algorithm proposed in this paper can find high-quality solutions to the DTSPN with lower computational cost and produce significantly improved performance over the other algorithms.     

生成矩形毛坯最优两段排样方式的递归算法

提出一种递归算法生成矩形毛坯两维两段排样方式。这种算法将板材分成两段,同一段中所有条带的长度和方向都相同,二段的条带方向相互平行或垂直,不同尺寸的毛坯可以在一根条带中出现。通过递归在段上生成最优条带布局,隐式地讨论所有长度的段,确定所有两段组合的价值,选择价值最大的一个组合作为最优解。计算结果表明,该算法在计算时间和材料利用率两方面都有效。最后,一个实际问题的解表明:使用该算法,材料利用率较高。     

利用温度测量结果反演三维热传导问题中热源项的算法研究

利用表面温度测量来反演热传导问题中的热源项是一类典型的热传导逆问题,在采用有限体积法对三维稳态热传导问题进行数值求解的基础上,将该热传导逆问题转化为优化问题,基于灵敏度分析建立了反演算法.采用该算法对一典型算例的计算结果表明:建立的算法是有效的,具有较好的抗噪性能.此外,对反演算法中计算收敛准则的选取进行了较深入的分析,结果表明,由于热传导逆问题的不适定性,优化过程中目标函数值越小并不意味着反演结果与真值更为接近,可以通过设定合适的收敛准则来模拟正则化项的作用,克服不适定性的影响.     

基于线性位移模式的环形谐振子理论研究

环形谐振子理论是谐振陀螺研究领域的重要内容,然而在目前经典环形谐振子理论中,仍存在很多问题尚未解决,例如：挠度控制方程不能精确求解环形结构的弯曲问题,获得的二阶弯曲角频率及进动系数理论解不能充分反映出其随尺寸参数(如高度h、曲率半径r等)变化的影响规律等。为了克服上述不足,从环形结构理论的基本假设和基本条件出发,基于环形结构的线性位移模式假设、虚功原理和哈密顿原理,建立新的环形谐振子理论,包括广义本构关系、平衡方程和边界条件等,获得环形结构静态弯曲问题的解析求解方法和动态问题的理论解。最后,针对典型的环形结构静、动态问题,通过与其他理论结果进行对比,验证了理论和求解方法的正确性。工作表明,进动系数不是恒定的,其值会随着结构尺寸的不同在0.4附近很小范围内发生变化。     

基于航迹关联的抗角闪烁跟踪算法研究

角闪烁背景下，高分辨雷达在近距离跟踪阶段存在不能精确跟踪的问题。针对此问题，分析了基于距离高分辨的单脉冲测角方法，并在此基础上，结合距离向强散射点的幅度特征，提出了一种基于航迹关联的抗角闪烁跟踪算法。算法首先对和通道、方位差通道、俯仰差通道的回波信号分别进行脉压和相参积累；然后在和通道的高分辨一维距离向上实现目标强散射点的检测，依据幅度进行排序并输出各点的距离信息和角度信息；最后利用联合集成概率数据互联算法作为目标跟踪滤波算法进行跟踪。本文通过对ku波段实测数据中入射余角为60°~69°的近距离跟踪部分进行分析，将所提算法与卡尔曼滤波跟踪算法进行了对比，仿真结果表明，本文算法使多目标跟踪的精度得到了提高，具有更好的角闪烁抑制性能。     

Close relative motion on distant retrograde orbits

Distant Retrograde Orbits (DROs) in the Earth-Moon system have great potential to support varieties of missions due to the favorable stability and orbital positions. Thus, the close relative motion on DROs should be analyzed to design formations to assist or extend the DRO missions. However, as the reference DROs are obtained through numerical methods, the close relative motions on DROs are non-analytical, which severely limits the design of relative trajectories. In this paper, a novel approach is proposed to construct the analytical solution of bounded close relative motion on DROs. The linear dynamics of relative motion on DRO is established at first. The preliminary forms of the general solutions are obtained based on the Floquet theory. And the general solutions are classified as different modes depending on their periodic components. A new parameterization is applied to each mode, which allows us to explore the geometries of quasi-periodic modes in detail. In each mode, the solutions are integrated as a uniform expression and their periodic components are expanded as truncated Fourier series. In this way, the analytical bounded relative motion on DRO is obtained. Based on the analytical expression, the characteristics of different modes are comprehensively analyzed. The natural periodic mode is always located on the single side of the target spacecraft on DRO and is appropriate to be the parking orbits of the rendezvous and docking. On the basis of quasi-periodic modes, quasi-elliptical fly-around relative trajectories are designed with the assistance of only two impulses per period. The fly-around formation can support observations to targets on DRO from multiple viewing angles. And the fly-around formation is validated in a more practical ephemeris model.     

Aerial-ground collaborative routing with time constraints

The advancement of autonomous technology makes electric-powered drones an excellent choice for flexible logistics services at the last mile delivery stage. To reach a balance between green transportation and competitive edge, the collaborative routing of drones in the air and trucks on the ground is increasingly invested in the next generation of delivery, where it is particularly reasonable to consider customer time windows and time-dependent travel times as two typical time-related factors in daily services. In this paper, we propose the Vehicle Routing Problem with Drones under Time constraints (VRPD-T) and focus on the time constraints involved in realistic scenarios during the delivery. A mixed-integer linear programming model has been developed to minimize the total delivery completion time. Furthermore, to overcome the limitations of standard solvers in handling large-scale complex issues, a space-time hybrid heuristic-based algorithm has been developed to effectively identify a high-quality solution. The numerical results produced from randomly generated instances demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm.     

Parameterized design of abort trajectories with a lunar flyby for a crewed mission

This article proposes an analytical preliminary design method for abort trajectory with a lunar flyby and the trajectory ergodic representation based on parameterization, as well as their application in studying the abort trajectories’ characteristics. First, by introducing two parameters, the perilune altitude and the perilune transfer time, the preliminary solution is developed parametrically using pseudostate theory to connect two special Lambert processes. The fast convergence of the improved differential correction under the high-fidelity gravity field verifies the accuracy of the proposed preliminary design method. Next, the two parameters are regarded as a set of variables to define an abort trajectory. Based on this, an ergodic representation of the abort trajectory with a certain abort time is yielded using the proposed design method, which offers a global view of the feasible abort trajectories. In addition, the influences of some factors on the performance of these abort trajectories are investigated based on the proposed design method and ergodic representation. The simulation results show that the abort time and the transfer time of the nominal trajectory significantly affect the ergodic representation and characteristics of the abort trajectory.