广义Stokes问题的区域分裂解法及其事后误差估算

本文的主要目的在于将Ｌａｇｒａｎｇｅ乘子技术应用于广义Ｓｔｏｋｅｓ问题的非匹配网格上的区域分裂解法中;这种方法非常适用于有限元空间近似。Ｌａｇｒａｎｇｅ乘子是在分段常数函数的空间中近似的。同时,基于求解当地问题,我们还构造了离散近似的事后误差估算器,并基于此对网格进行了自适应处理。数值实验的结果验证了本文所发展的方法。     

黑体辐射反问题的正则化Lanczos方法

黑体辐射反问题就是利用测量的黑体辐射能量谱确定黑体的区域温度分布.本文将该问题离散化为欠定线性不适定问题,提出求解欠定线性不适定问题的正则化Lanczos方法.该方法基于Lanczos双对角化过程,用一系列小型线性方程组逼近原不适定问题,应用截断SVD正则化方法使迭代稳定化,并用L-曲线确定相应的正则化参数.数值结果说明了新方法的有效性,并说明了在观测数据出现误差的情况下新方法也能有效地重构区域温度分布.     

用于表面温度测量的导热反问题的误差研究

讨论了用于温度测量的非稳态一维线性导热反问题。通过引入正则参数 ,这种不适定问题得到了稳定的解。在给出非级数形式的分析解后 ,计算误差可以通过数值解与准确解的比较确定。同时讨论了影响计算误差的各种因素。     

Influence of non-equilibrium reactions on the optimization of aerothrust aeroassisted maneuver with orbital change

The spaceplane is perspective vehicle due to wide maneuverability in comparison with a space capsule. Its maneuverability is expressed by the larger flight range and also by a possibility to rotate orbital inclination in the atmosphere by the aerodynamic and thrust forces. Orbital plane atmospheric rotation maneuvers can significantly reduce fuel costs compared to rocket-dynamic non-coplanar maneuver. However, this maneuver occurs at Mach numbers about 25, and such velocities lead to non-equilibrium chemical reactions in the shock wave. Such reactions change a physicochemical air property, and it affects aerodynamic coefficients. This paper investigates the influence of non-equilibrium reactions on the aerothrust aeroassisted maneuver with orbital change. The approach is to solve an optimization problem using the differential evolution algorithm with a temperature limitation. The spaceplane aerodynamic coefficients are determined by the numerical solution of the Reynolds-averaged Navier-Stokes equations. The aerodynamic calculations are conducted for the cases of perfect and non-equilibrium gases. A comparison of optimal trajectories, control laws, and fuel costs is made between models of perfect and non-equilibrium gases. The effect of a chemically reacting gas on the finite parameters is also evaluated using control laws obtained for a perfect gas.     

Turbulent Wagner problem with transition

Wagner problem is originally concerned with inviscid flow and unsteady force due to a small step motion, or attaining of a small angle of attack, of an airfoil in an initially uniform flow and has been studied recently for inviscid flow with large amplitude step motion. Here we propose to consider turbulent Wagner problem for a plate that is initially covered with a mixed laminar-boundary layer on both sides and is set into step motion of small or large amplitude and in direction normal to the plate. The evolution of skin friction and transition region in time are examined numerically. It is found that transition region unexpectedly changes direction of movement for small amplitude of step motion while global transition or laminarization exists for large amplitude step motion. The significance of this study is twofold. First, the present study treated a new and interesting problem since it combines two problems of fundamental interests, one is Wagner problem and the other is boundary layer transition. Second, the present study appears to show that the pressure gradient normal to the airfoil and caused by discontinuous step motion may have subtle influence on transition and the mechanism of this influence deserves further studies.     

非线性热传导方程混合问题插值逼近

以Legendre-Gauss-type积分节点为插值节点,构造插值基函数展开数值解,逼近有界杆上的非线性热传导方程Dirichlet边界条件的正确解。给出算法格式和相应的数值算例,表明所提算法格式的有效性和高精度。所给算法适合于非线性问题求解。     

一种求解背包问题的混合遗传算法

将启发式贪婪算法与简单遗传法相结合构成一种混合遗传算法,用该混合遗传算法求解大规模背包问题,含有５０个物品的背包问题的试算结果表明,用这种方法求解大规模背包问题,其解的质量和求解性能较简单遗传算法和贪婪算法都有很大的改善。     

Application of hybrid regularization method for tomographic reconstruction of midlatitude ionospheric electron density

Reconstructing ionospheric electron density (IED) is an ill-posed inverse problem, with classical Tikhonov regularization tending to smooth IED structures. By contrast, total variation (TV) regularization effectively resists noise and preserves discontinuities of the IED. In this paper, we regularize the inverse problem by incorporating both Tikhonov and TV regularization. A specific formulation of the proposed method, called hybrid regularization, is introduced and investigated. The method is then tested using simulated data for the actual positions of the GPS satellites and ground receivers, and also applied to the analysis of real observation data under quiescent and disturbed ionospheric conditions. Experiments demonstrate the effectiveness, and illustrate the validity and reliability of the proposed method.     

基于网络计划的航空维修工作指派问题的运筹学研究

将运筹学理论中的匈牙利算法用于定检工作人力指派,以解决飞机定检工作中经常碰到的“工作数大于人数”的人员指派问题,对以运筹学思维助力飞机维修精益管理进行了有益的探索.     

高校后勤服务育人工作存在的问题及对策

高校后勤在高校中的主要职责是为高校的教学、科研、管理及师生生活提供保障和服务。随着社会的进步和经济发展,一些高校后勤研究者们对高校后勤的作用进行更加深入的探讨和研究。自教育部提出了高校后勤为教学服务,为科研服务,为师生员工服务＂和＂服务育人,管理育人＂三服务,两育人＂的工作宗旨后,高校后勤工作既具有服务又具有育人的作用有了明确的定论。但由于受到传统思维及原有体制的影响,高校后勤在服务育人方面存在一些问题。主要针对主校后勤服务育人工作存在的问题进行分析并提出解决问题的方案。