构建数学模型 优化贴装过程

贴装优化问题直接关系到表面贴装工艺的效率。本文以JUKI-2010/2020贴片机为试验平台,根据该机型结构及贴装过程,把贴装优化问题的描述为最小权重匹配问题(MWMP)以及非对称旅行商(TSP)问题,构建了一种新的优化模型:把时间优化转化为距离优化,并应用启发式算法进行软件编程。通过生产企业的6块PCB板的对比实验,证明了该数学模型和算法是合理的。     

具有学习效应的单机可控加工时间排序问题研究

在经典排序问题中，工件的加工时间往往是一个常数，但在现代生产过程中，工件的加工时间受许多因素的影响。因此，研究工件具有学习效应的单机可控加工时间排序问题，其中工件的加工时间是其所在位置的函数，且与加工时间的控制变量有关。目标是求出最优的加工时间控制变量和最优的排序使得目标函数最小，目标函数包括极小化时间表长与控制费用的和、极小化总完工时间与控制费用的和、极小化总完工时间偏差和与控制费用和。证明他们都能转化为指派问题，从而多项式时间可解。并给出数值例子来说明问题是如何求解的。     

Integral inversion of GRAIL inter-satellite gravitational accelerations for regional recovery of the lunar gravitational field

We present an integral-based approach for high-resolution regional recovery of the gravitational field in this article. We derive rigorous remove-compute-restore integral estimators relating the line-of-sight gravitational acceleration to an arbitrary order radial derivative of the gravitational potential. The integral estimators are composed of three terms, i.e., the truncated integration, the low-frequency line-of-sight gravitational acceleration, and the high-frequency truncation error (effect of the distant zones). We test the accuracy of the integral transformations and of the integral estimators in a closed-loop simulation over the Montes Jura region on the nearside of the Moon. In this way, we determine optimal sizes of integration radii and grid discretisation. In addition, we investigate the performance of the regional integral inversion with synthetic and realistic GRAIL observations. We demonstrate that the regional inversion results of the disturbing gravitational potential and its first order radial derivative in the Montes Jura mountain range are less contaminated by high-frequency noise than the global spherical harmonic models.     

Resonant motion, ballistic escape, and their applications in astrodynamics

A special set of solutions governing the motion of a particle, subject to the gravitational attractions of the Earth, the Moon, and, eventually, the Sun, is discussed in this paper. These solutions, called resonant orbits, correspond to a special motion where the particle is in resonance with the Moon. For a restricted set of initial conditions the particle performs a resonance transition in the vicinity of the Moon. In this paper, the nature of the resonance transition is investigated under the perspective of the dynamical system theory and the energy approach. In particular, using a new definition of weak stability boundary, we show that the resonance transition mechanism is strictly related to the concept of weak capture. This is shown through a carefully computed set of Poincaré surfaces, at different energy levels, on which both the weak stability boundary and the resonant orbits are represented. It is numerically demonstrated that resonance transitioning orbits pass through the weak stability boundaries. In the second part of the paper the solar perturbation is taken into account, and the motion of the resonant orbits is studied within a four-body dynamics. We show that, for a wide class of initial conditions, the particle escapes from the Earth–Moon system and targets an heliocentric orbit. This is a free ejection called a ballistic escape. Astrodynamical applications are discussed.     

当前高校青年教师思想政治教育面临的问题及对策探析

受当前全球化浪潮的强势冲击和市场经济的负面影响,高校青年教师的思想政治教育面临一系列挑战,直接影响了高校思想政治教育的效果。要摆脱困境,必须坚持以人为本的教育理念,重视师德建设、创新教育方法、健全激励机制,切实增强思想政治教育的吸引力、说服力、影响力和感染力。     

Optimal guidance based on receding horizon control for low-thrust transfer to libration point orbits

This paper addresses the design and computation of a guidance law for a transfer mission from an orbit near the Earth to a halo orbit around the libration point L₂ in the Sun–Earth system. The guidance law, which is designed based on receding horizon control and compensates for launch velocity errors that are introduced by inaccuracies of the launch vehicle, is solved using the generating function method. During the design of the closed-loop guidance law, the entire transfer mission, which is considered a nonlinear optimal control problem, is evaluated to obtain a nominal reference trajectory. Using the launch velocity errors and the uncertainty of the model, a spacecraft controlled by the proposed guidance law tracks the reference trajectory. Furthermore, the original Riccati differential equation in the receding horizon control algorithm is replaced by an equivalent convenient form of the Riccati differential equation that is based on the generating function. The high-efficiency solution of the equivalent equation avoids the online direct integration of the original Riccati differential equation, which significantly increases the computational efficiency for the receding horizon control problem. Numerical simulations using a nonlinear bicircular four-body model demonstrate the capabilities of the proposed receding horizon guidance law for the transfer mission. In addition, the generating function method improves the computational efficiency by at least one order of magnitude over the backward sweep method in solving the receding horizon control problem.     

Effect of evaporation and solutocapillary-driven flow upon motion and resultant deposition of suspended particles in volatile droplet on solid substrate

Particle motion in a volatile droplet on a solid surface, especially the behavior of particles depositing in the vicinity of a solid–liquid–gas boundary line (contact line) is focused. This phenomenon is called the ‘coffee stain problem’. Motion and deposition of the particles suspended in distilled water droplets and distilled water–ethanol mixture droplets are discussed. The spatio-temporal particle motion is analyzed by the three-dimensional particle tracking velocimetry (3D PTV). A discussion of the morphology of the particles stuck to the solid surface after the dryout of the droplet is also given.     

高职院校学分制实施过程中存在的问题与对策

分析部分高职学院在实行学分制管理过程中遇到的外部和内部的问题,提出解决对策。     

基于动态混合网格的多体分离数值模拟方法

在以往发展的动态混合网格技术的基础上,耦合六自由度运动方程计算和非定常流场计算,建立了一种多体分离问题的非定常数值模拟方法。首先采用刚体运动的六自由度运动方程,建立刚体运动轨迹计算模块,然后以该模块为纽带将以往建立的非定常计算方法与改进的基于Delaunay背景网格插值方法和局部网格重构方法相结合的动态混合网格生成方法耦合起来,形成了精度较高、效率较快的多体分离数值模拟方法。利用该方法对典型多体分离问题进行了数值模拟,计算结果与风洞实验结果吻合较好。     

基于权衡空间探索的多约束弹道初值确定方法

运载火箭弹道设计对初值的选取敏感,需要设计人员具备相应经验,新构型或新任务下迭代设计易发散,设计过程依靠人员手动调整,效率较低。应用权衡空间探索及全局优化思想,给出了多约束弹道设计初值确定方法,并在此基础上重新建立了弹道设计流程,自动完成初值选取及精确设计,降低了设计过程对人员经验的依赖性,提升了弹道设计方法的智能化程度,提高了论证及设计效率。