导管螺旋桨内流场的PIV测量

内流场对于导管螺旋桨的设计和性能分析是至关重要的,利用随车式PIV在中国船舶科学研究中心拖曳水池进行了导管螺旋桨的内流场测量.使用标靶技术建立了物像对应关系,从而修正导管曲率和厚度产生的图象畸变.使用同步控制器实现螺旋桨相位、CCD摄像和激光器的精确同步控制.试验分别在三个不同进速系数J=1.2,1.0 和0.8下进行.试验结果很好地反映了螺旋桨梢涡、毂部涡、以及螺旋桨上下表面脱落的旋向相反的尾涡,以及近导管内壁、桨毂壁面涡层等流动特征.试验表明,涡强都随着进速系数的减小而增加.与螺旋桨前流动相比,导管内螺旋桨后轴向速度沿径向分布的不均匀性明显增强.试验结果表明,对于导管厚度与曲率都空间变化的导管螺旋桨,应用PIV技术进行内流场测量在技术上是可行的.     

用PIV技术研究汽油机缸内流场的湍流积分尺度

对一台四气门单缸发动机进行了改装,以便于应用粒子图像速度仪(PIV)研究其在进气和压缩冲程缸内横截面内湍流积分尺度的演化过程.结果表明在整个过程中,缸内流场y方向的速度分量在x和y方向的两条空间平均积分尺度曲线一下一上,基本相互平行;x方向的速度分量在x和y方向的空间平均积分尺度的变化基本保持重合一致,随曲轴转角增大略有下降的趋势;在进气上止点后150°CA时y方向速度分量对x和y方向的空间平均积分尺度曲线同时跃升到峰值,此时整个流场积分尺度也达峰值,接近4.0mm;y方向速度分量成为影响整个流场积分尺度发展的主导因素.     

基于内窥式PIV的回流燃烧室冷态内流场测量

为了突破传统测量光路限制,实现对航空发动机三头部全尺寸回流燃烧室模型试验件内部冷态流场精细化测量,自主搭建了一套内窥式PIV测量系统,在自模区工况下对其内部冷态流场进行了测量调试。结果表明,在壁面之上预设内窥小孔即可实现测量光路布置,采用大焦距光学适配接口能够很好的解决相机内窥镜成像圈较小的技术难题。通过缩短相机内窥镜工作距离和采取多种消光措施大幅提高了测量空间分辨率和信噪比,最终实现了模型燃烧室内部冷态流场精细化测量,获得了内部流场结构信息。     

基于深度学习的PIV流场图像修复技术

粒子图像测速技术（PIV）是空天动力装置研究中常用的流场测试方法。但对具有复杂流动特征的燃烧室,通过传统互相关算法处理得到的流场结果往往具有一定缺陷。本文将深度学习应用于PIV后处理中,以实现流场数据的异常检测和修复。在甲烷预混对冲火焰数据集上,将异常划分为两种类型,并搭建U-Net卷积神经网络架构。经过训练和优化,模型以较高置信水平识别两类异常并使用不同策略自适应修复,过滤噪声并保留原始正常数据。同时模型具有较好的可迁移性,可以为其它种类的流场数据修复提供参考。与POD迭代法和中值滤波相比,神经网络强大的非线性特征具有明显的优势,这种方法不仅修复率高,而且在不同工况下鲁棒性好。     

PIV技术在涡轮叶栅内流场试验中的应用

对三种高环流系数叶片叶型和五种相对节距的涡轮叶栅进行内流场试验研究,在研究中采用粒子成像测试技术(PIV),获得叶栅内S1m流面的全流场流动信息,并采用拓扑图论原理经计算机进行图像处理,获得S1m流面的速度矢量场和旋度场。对所获得的叶栅内流场分析表明,随着涡轮环流系数的增加,液体流经叶栅的能量损失增大;随着叶栅相对节距的增大,叶栅内脱流区增大、漩涡区的旋度值随之增大。该研究结果将给涡轮叶型的设计提供有价值的参考。     

合成射流控制翼型分离的流动显示与PIV测量

合成射流是一种新型的流动控制技术,近年来引起广泛关注.本文首先利用热线风速仪测量了基于声激励的合成射流流动特性,确定了最佳输入信号频率;采用流动显示和PIV测试技术,研究了合成射流对二维翼型分离流动的控制效果.研究结果表明,合成射流可以有效地抑制二维翼型在大迎角下的分离流动;PIV测试结果进一步表明,合成射流开启后使翼型上表面分离区域减小,分离点后移.应用合成射流控制翼型流动分离,可以大大改善翼型在大迎角下的气动特性.     

BUAA-SID1.0空间目标图像数据库

随着太空竞争的加剧,空间目标监视及目标识别受到越来越多国家的重视。而空间目标图像数据库的缺乏直接影响了空间目标识别技术的研究进展。针对这一问题,建立了BUAA-SID1.0空间目标图像数据库。文章在分析空间目标图像数据库建立的背景和意义的基础上,介绍了数据库的建立方法,指出了数据库共享版本BUAA-SID-share1.0的内容,给出了两种识别算法在共享数据库上的测试结果。     

Tracking characteristics of tracer particles for PIV measurements in supersonic flows

The tracking characteristics of tracer particles for particle image velocimetry (PIV) mea-surements in supersonic flows were investigated. The experimental tests were conducted at Mach number 4 in Multi-Mach Wind Tunnel (MMWT) of Shanghai Jiao Tong University. The motion of tracer particles carried by the supersonic flow across shockwaves was theoretically modelled, and then their aerodynamic characteristics with compressibility and rarefaction effects were evalu-ated. According to the proposed selection criterion of tracer particles, the PIV measured results clearly identified that the shockwave amplitude is in good agreement with theory and Schlieren visu-alizations. For the tracer particles in nanoscales, their effective aerodynamic sizes in the diagnostic zone can be faithfully estimated to characterize the tracking capability and dispersity performance based on their relaxation motion across oblique shockwaves. On the other hand, the seeding system enabled the tracer particles well-controlled and repeatable dispersity against the storage and humidity.     

Experimental investigation of influence of strake wings on self-induced roll motion at high angles of attack

The modern high performance air vehicles are required to have extreme maneuverability,which includes the ability of controlled maneuvers at high angle of attack. However, the nonlinear and unsteady aerodynamic phenomena, such as flow separation, vortices interaction, and vortices breaking down, will occur during the flight at high angle of attack, which could induce the uncommanded motions for the air vehicles. For the high maneuverable and agile air missile, the nonlinear roll motions would occur at the high angle of attack. The present work is focused on the selfinduced nonlinear roll motion for a missile configuration and discusses the influence of the strake wings on the roll motion according to the results from free-to-roll test and PIV measurement using the models assembled with different strake wings at a = 60°. The free-to-roll results show that the model with whole strake wings(baseline), the model assembled with three strake wings(Case A)and the model assembled with two opposite strake wings(Case C) experience the spinning, while the model assembled with two adjacent strake wings(Case B), the model assembled with one strake wing(Case D) and the model with no strake wing(Case E) trim or slightly vibrate at a certain "×"rolling angle, which mean that the rolling stability can be improved by dismantling certain strake wings. The flow field results from PIV measurement show that the leeward asymmetric vortices are induced by the windward strake wings. The vortices would interact the strake wings and induce crossflow on the downstream fins to degrade the rolling stability of the model. This could be the main reason for the self-induced roll motion of the model at a = 60°.