基于微波等离子推力器的地球同步轨道卫星任务优化计算

将微波等离子推力器（MPT）应用于“东方红三号”（DFH-3）卫星的推进子系统，完成其轨道转移和南-北位置保持任务。建立了卫星任务和系统优化计算模型，采用遗传算法对卫星轨道转移和位置保持任务进行优化模拟计算，讨论了推力弧段和推力等对卫星变轨时间、MPT累积工作时间、卫星干质量和有效载荷的影响，结果表明，采用MPT可大大减少推进剂工质消耗，增加有效载荷，变轨时间明显大于化学推进，但小于相同电功率的其他电推进。     

访问多个特定相对位置的航天器轨道设计

在航天器轨道设计问题中,将惯性空间中经典的吉布斯三矢量定轨方法拓展到相对运动空间中,给出了一种相对运动条件下的三矢量定轨方法。针对已知轨道的目标航天器,以及二个或三个给定的空间相对位置,基于相对运动方程,提出了设计跟随航天器飞行轨道的数值方法。以轨道面共面或异面,以及目标航天器轨道形状为椭圆或圆,将问题分为四种情况进行约束条件和自由变量个数的分析讨论。对于自由变量个数多于约束方程的情况,额外给定周期重访约束,将各种情况下的特定相对位置访问问题转化为一至二维的非线性方程(组)求解问题。对一维方程求解采用分段黄金分割+割线法进行快速求解;对二维方程组通过网格法搜索迭代初值并通过牛顿迭代快速求解。进一步基于线性模型的解,采用微分修正方法求解了各情况下J2摄动模型下的结果。数值算例验证了提出方法的正确性及有效性。     

空间平台武器系统传递对准匹配方式

根据建立的传递对准模型和用于导航解算的轨道运动学模型,提出了速度匹配、比力匹配、角速率匹配和姿态匹配等空间平台武器系统传递对准的不同匹配方式,并对不同匹配方式及其组合的传递对准性能进行了仿真分析,研究了弹性变形的影响。结果表明：速度＋角速率和比力＋姿态等组合匹配方式的传递对准性能较优。     

圆及椭圆轨道释放绳系子星的方法研究

研究绳系卫星系统质心沿椭圆轨道运动时,子星释放的最佳初始条件,运用变量替代简化动力学控制方程;对圆轨道运动的母星,采用轨道转移方法释放子星,计算弹射变轨参数及过渡轨道终了真近点角.本文取消母星质量远大于子星质量的假设,考虑子星释放过程中绳系卫星系统质心随子星运动的变化,所得结果更具有普遍意义.数值模拟结果表明,所述方法的有效性.     

Comparative analysis of global optical observability of satellites in LEO

With a growing number of resident space objects (RSOs), the facilities for near-Earth space surveillance have to cope with increasing workload. It also applies to low-cost small optical surveillance facilities which may present regional, national and global networks. Improved methods of planning and scheduling optical telescopes are required to use these instruments efficiently. Today, optical observations are only feasible if the following quite stringent requirements are met: the object should be illuminated by sunlight, and it should be above while the Sun is below the observer’s horizon. For different orbits, these preconditions result in varying degrees of the space object observability at various ground-based sites. Certainly, satellites in low Earth orbit (LEO) are particularly difficult to observe. This study aims at developing a new technique for assessing observability of a satellite in different types of orbits – namely, low, medium and high Earth orbits, imaging of the opportunity for its visibility in respective diagrams and their analysing for the existing near-Earth population of RSOs. Unlike other researches, wherein one or several observational stations have been chosen as target sites for in-depth analyses of visibility of all the satellites or just the selected ones, the present study focuses on examining the probability of optical surveillance of satellites in a certain orbit from any locations worldwide. It offers considerable scope for automation of surveillance planning and scheduling optical surveillance networks.     

Estimation of orbital parameters of broken-up objects from in-situ debris measurements

Even sub-millimeter-size debris could cause a fatal damage on a spacecraft. Such tiny debris cannot be followed up or tracked from the ground. Therefore, Kyushu University has initiated IDEA the project for In-situ Debris Environmental Awareness, which conducts in-situ measurements of sub-millimeter-size debris. One of the objectives is to estimate the location of on-orbit satellite fragmentations from in-situ measurements. The previous studies revealed that it is important to find out the right nodal precession rate to estimate the orbital parameters of a broken-up object properly. Therefore, this study derives a constraint equation that applies to the nodal precession rate of the broken-up object. This study also establishes an effective procedure to estimate properly the orbital parameters of a broken-up object with the constraint equation.     

Autonomous satellite navigation using starlight refraction angle measurements

An on-board autonomous navigation capability is required to reduce the operation costs and enhance the navigation performance of future satellites. Autonomous navigation by stellar refraction is a type of autonomous celestial navigation method that uses high-accuracy star sensors instead of Earth sensors to provide information regarding Earth’s horizon. In previous studies, the refraction apparent height has typically been used for such navigation. However, the apparent height cannot be measured directly by a star sensor and can only be calculated by the refraction angle and an atmospheric refraction model. Therefore, additional errors are introduced by the uncertainty and nonlinearity of atmospheric refraction models, which result in reduced navigation accuracy and reliability. A new navigation method based on the direct measurement of the refraction angle is proposed to solve this problem. Techniques for the determination of the refraction angle are introduced, and a measurement model for the refraction angle is established. The method is tested and validated by simulations. When the starlight refraction height ranges from 20 to 50 km, a positioning accuracy of better than 100 m can be achieved for a low-Earth-orbit (LEO) satellite using the refraction angle, while the positioning accuracy of the traditional method using the apparent height is worse than 500 m under the same conditions. Furthermore, an analysis of the factors that affect navigation accuracy, including the measurement accuracy of the refraction angle, the number of visible refracted stars per orbit and the installation azimuth of star sensor, is presented. This method is highly recommended for small satellites in particular, as no additional hardware besides two star sensors is required.     

小子样精度鉴定技术研究

讨论了小子样下的Bayes精度鉴定技术研究的一般方法,分析了考虑验前信息可信度时方差的检验,检验分为简单假设和复杂假设2种情况。给出了临界区域以及犯弃真和采伪两类错误的概率。仿真结果表明了方法的合理性。     

深空测控通信的特点和主要技术问题

分析研究了深空测控通信的特点,对频段提高、灵敏度提高、G/T值提高、EIRP提高、编码增益提高、定轨精度提高、极窄带锁相、低门限接收和调制/解调方式等主要技术问题进行了探讨.     

编队飞行的小卫星精确定轨方法的研究

针对编队小卫星间的相对飞行特点，在Hill方程描述编队飞行小卫星间相对运动的基础上，提出利用星间无线电测距的相对自主定轨，来获得环绕小卫星精确轨道的卫星定轨方法。通过具体仿真计算，并与小卫星GPS自主定轨方法相比较。仿真结果表明，此方法确实有效。