编队飞行卫星群相对轨道摄动运动分析

编队飞行卫星群在运行过程中将受到各种摄动因素的影响,相对运动队形可能受到破坏而影响飞行任务的完成。针对中、低轨道编队飞行任务,分析了各种摄动因素对编队卫星相对队形的影响;导出了编队飞行卫星群相对队形的稳定条件;最后,结合稳定条件对典型编队队形进行了分析。     

测量带有常值偏差时卫星自主定轨系统可观性分析

考虑测量带有常值偏差时卫星自主定轨系统的状态观测和常值偏差估计问题,将观测常值偏差扩增为状态后进行卡尔曼滤波是解决这一问题的一个途径。为使卡尔曼滤波稳定,就必须分析系统的随机可观测性。文章利用线性时变系统的可观性理论对测量带有常值偏差时卫星自主定轨系统的可观性进行了分析,数值仿真结果显示了所得理论的正确性。     

冻结轨道的一阶解

将 Brouwer早期研究所获得的一阶解变换为适用于小偏心率轨道的结果 ,根据这个结果可以清楚地看出冻结轨道就是精确的圆轨道 ,冻结的特性及其机理也可以清楚地显示出来。此外还进一步采用 Hill变量将冻结轨道的一阶解表示成一种非常简单的形式。     

利用频谱分析确定空间目标太阳翼定向模式

分析对比了空间目标与可控飞行器轨道确定的不同,论述了太阳翼定向模式的不同对轨道运动特性的影响。通过地面站的测距与测角数据,推算出测量数据的地心距频谱。假定一种太阳翼定向模式,利用测量数据进行轨道确定,利用定轨数据计算地心距频谱并与测量数据的频谱比对,由此可确定太阳翼定向模式。利用数值仿真对近地太阳同步轨道和地球静止轨道两种情况进行了验证,仿真结果表明该思路和方法是有效的。     

卫星单圈单弧段观测数据误差估计

通过建立准确的被观测目标的动力学模型,构造出了基于精密轨道确定与预报的卫星单圈单弧段观测数据误差的辨识与剔除方法,有效克服了基于多项式拟合方法存在的以误差辨误差的缺陷。     

圆轨道近程自主交会轨道设计

采用线性化CW方程研究了空间飞行器近程自主交会轨道设计问题。结合多冲量滑移算法和工程上对交会时间的要求,提出了快速、指数及慢速滑移轨道的概念,给出了三种轨道的设计方法和实现算法。本方法可以实现接近操作减速以及撤离操作加速的任务要求。通过仿真对接近和撤离等交会操作进行了验证,仿真结果表明设计方法可行,满足交会任务对时间及状态参数变化规律的要求。     

Survey-only optical strategies for cataloguing space debris objects in the future European space surveillance system

In the framework of a potential European Space Situational Awareness System (ESSAS), we propose some optical strategies such that try to minimize the requirement of tracking measurements for the orbit determination computation when the catalogue is under construction. We will analyse them in terms of coverage, timeliness and orbit determination accuracy by means of the AS4 simulator (developed by Deimos Space S.L.U.). Moreover, observation campaigns have been performed from La Sagra Observatory in order to check the applicability of those strategies. These strategies are used for defining different choices for the future European Optical Space Surveillance System in the framework of the ESA contract no. 22738/09/D/HK.     

Modified unscented Kalman filtering and its application in autonomous satellite navigation

In this paper, a modified unscented Kalman filter (UKF) for nonlinear stochastic systems is proposed, and it is applied to autonomous orbit determination for Earth satellites. Based on some standard results about the boundedness of stochastic processes and a new formulation of the unscented transformation (UT), it is demonstrated that the design of the noise covariance matrix plays an important role in enhancing the filter stability. Furthermore, a particular design of the noise covariance matrix is proposed as a modification of the UKF. The modified UKF is less sensitive to the initial error than the usual one. High performance of the modified UKF is illustrated in comparison with the usual one by using the real data obtained from an Earth sensor.     

Simultaneous spacecraft attitude and orbit estimation using magnetic field vector measurements

Based on magnetometer measurements only, three-axis attitude, rate, and orbit estimation are successfully achieved. A single Augmented Dynamics Extended Kalman Filter (ADEKF) is configured by combining the spacecraft nonlinear attitude dynamics and quaternion kinematics with orbital mechanics. The filter design is adopted for three-axis stabilized spacecraft in low Earth orbits where the aerodynamic drag is the dominant source of disturbances in addition to the spacecraft magnetic residuals. To reduce the computational burden, another Interlaced Extended Kalman Filter (IEKF) is developed to uncouple the attitude/rate from the orbit dynamics. Both filters are implemented using the magnetometer measurements and their corresponding time derivatives. As a part of EgyptSat-1 flight scenario, detumbling and standby modes are used for performance testing of the ADEKF. The concept of local observability is applied to the basic filter and the stability is investigated by incorporating extensive Monte Carlo simulations with uniformly distributed initial conditions. The filter shows the capability of estimating the attitude better than 5 deg and rate of order 0.03 deg/s in each axis. In orbit estimation, the filter is capable of estimating the position with accuracy less than 8 km and velocity upto 5 m/s in each axis.