浅谈人力资本及其产权化

通过从人力资本的衍生、归属及当前人力资本产权化需要注意的问题，系统地阐述了人力资本及其产权化的重要性及必要性。人力资本的症结是以劳动形式活动劳动报酬，以资本形式获得净利润分配，要参与利润分配就必须对人力资本实行产权化，这也是人力资本的归宿。     

某型涡轮过渡流道稳定工作范围优化设计

为保证高、低压涡轮间流场参数匹配,要求在高压涡轮出口旋流角增大时,涡轮过渡流道仍处于近最佳工作状态。利用全三维数值模拟方法对涡扇发动机涡轮过渡流道进行了初次优化设计。优化后的过渡流道压力系数提高了20.6%,总压损失系数降低了 5.0%,并且其无流动分离工作范围得到扩大。为进一步扩大非设计稳定工作范围,对初次优化设计结果进行了二次优化。虽然二次优化后涡轮过渡流道设计点性能略有下降,但其无流动分离工作范围进一步扩大,且非设计工况点流道出口流场分布更加均匀,改善了下游低压涡轮的进气条件。      

航空燃油离心泵参数化设计方法研究综述

燃油离心泵是航空发动机控制系统的关键动力元件,结合当前航空燃油离心泵技术发展和设计需要,本文总结对比了离心泵典型参数化设计及优化设计方法。首先分析了离心泵四种参数化设计方法的技术特点及其局限,考虑到离心泵参数设计方法中存在的随机性和盲目性问题,进一步补充分析了离心泵的结构优化方法,包括基于启发式算法的全局优化方法、基于梯度的优化设计方法和基于代理模型的优化设计方法三类,并指出了三类优化设计方法亟待解决的科学和技术问题。在此基础上,通过分析国外航空发动机燃油离心泵的发展状况,指出了我国航空发动机燃油离心泵所面临的技术挑战、问题和技术发展方向,并立足于现有国内设计基础,给出了夯实我国航空燃油离心泵设计能力需开展的基础性研究工作。     

飞行器多学科设计优化关键技术分析

多学科设计优化对飞行器设计技术的发展具有革命性意义,其包含了大量新技术和理论的应用,已成为一门新兴的学科。文章针对飞行器多学科设计优化与传统设计模式的区别,介绍了开展飞行器多学科设计优化需要发展的7项技术,系统地分析了这些技术的应用背景、发展状况和发展方向。     

跨音速透平叶栅多目标优化设计

本文在应用二维Euler方程及边界层方程相结合的跨音速粘流的计算方法基础上,以叶栅损失和做功能力为目标函数,采用无量纲化的多目标最小偏差法构造统一函数,然后采用可变容差法进行优化求得较为满意的解,从而形成了一种带有多混合变量、多约束以及多目标的跨音速叶栅优化设计方法。      

近地点高度对气动力辅助异面变轨性能的影响

研究了利用气动力辅助异面变轨时初始降轨段的近地点高度对变轨性能的影响 ;利用序列二次规划方法 ,考虑了最大热流限制 ,通过对最大倾角改变量和最少特征速度两类问题的优化计算 ,指出随着近地点高度的增加 ,变轨调节能力下降 ,对初值的鲁棒性变差 ;而所需最少特征速度与要求的倾角改变量有关 ,一般利用气动力辅助变轨近地点高度不宜过大     

Inverse design of low boom configurations using proper orthogonal decomposition and augmented Burgers equation

Mitigation of sonic boom to an acceptable stage is a key point for the next generation of supersonic transports. Meanwhile, designing a supersonic aircraft with an ideal ground signature is always the focus of research on sonic boom reduction. This paper presents an inverse design approach to optimize the near-field signature of an aircraft, making it close to the shaped ideal ground signature after the propagation in the atmosphere. Using the Proper Orthogonal Decomposition(POD) method, a guessed input of augmented Burgers equation is inversely achieved. By multiple POD iterations, the guessed ground signatures successively approach the target ground signature until the convergence criteria is reached. Finally, the corresponding equivalent area distribution is calculated from the optimal near-field signature through the classical Whitham F-function theory. To validate this method, an optimization example of Lockheed Martin 1021 is demonstrated. The modified configuration has a fully shaped ground signature and achieves a drop of perceived loudness by 7.94 PLdB. This improvement is achieved via shaping the original near-field signature into wiggles and damping it by atmospheric attenuation. At last, a nonphysical ground signature is set as the target to test the robustness of this inverse design method and shows that this method is robust enough for various inputs.     

Mission planning optimization of video satellite for ground multi-object staring imaging

This study investigates the emergency scheduling problem of ground multi-object staring imaging for a single video satellite. In the proposed mission scenario, the ground objects require a specified duration of staring imaging by the video satellite. The planning horizon is not long, i.e., it is usually shorter than one orbit period. A binary decision variable and the imaging order are used as the design variables, and the total observation revenue combined with the influence of the total attitude maneuvering time is regarded as the optimization objective. Based on the constraints of the observation time windows, satellite attitude adjustment time, and satellite maneuverability, a constraint satisfaction mission planning model is established for ground object staring imaging by a single video satellite. Further, a modified ant colony optimization algorithm with tabu lists (Tabu-ACO) is designed to solve this problem. The proposed algorithm can fully exploit the intelligence and local search ability of ACO. Based on full consideration of the mission characteristics, the design of the tabu lists can reduce the search range of ACO and improve the algorithm efficiency significantly. The simulation results show that the proposed algorithm outperforms the conventional algorithm in terms of optimization performance, and it can obtain satisfactory scheduling results for the mission planning problem.     

Parameter optimization of controllable local degree of freedom for reducing vibration of flexible manipulator

 Parameter optimization of the controllable local degree of freedom is studied for reducing vibration of the flexible manipulator at the lowest possible cost. The controllable local degrees of freedom are suggested and introduced to the topological structure of the flexible manipulator, and used as an effective way to alleviate vibration through dynamic coupling. Parameters introduced by the controllable local degrees of freedom are analyzed and their influences on vibration reduction are investigated. A strategy to optimize these parameters is put forward and the corresponding optimization method is suggested based on Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO). Simulations are conducted and results of case studies confirm that the proposed optimization method is effective in reducing vibration of the flexible manipulator at the lowest possible cost.     

超音叶栅激波结构研究及叶型优化设计

对于进口相对马赫数较高的超音叶栅,合理组织激波结构是设计中的重要课题.为探索削弱激波损失的途径,建立不同激波结构的计算模型,计算得到了激波结构对叶栅性能的影响规律和特点.为设计性能良好的超音叶型,利用叶型参数化方法构造出中弧线为“S”型预压缩叶型,实现叶栅通道内预压缩及一道斜激波加一道正激波增压;利用优化软件对上述叶型进行优化,叶栅性能提升明显;优化结果显示,正激波位置对超音叶栅性能有较大的影响.