表贴式串联磁路双定子永磁无刷电机转子轭部主磁通研究与优化

双定子永磁无刷(DS-PMBL)电机因其转子轭部主磁通变化易受各类参数影响而具有较高的研究价值。表贴式串联磁路DS-PMBL电机转子轭部主磁通具体由径向和周向磁通组成,归纳分析了两类磁通的成因及特点,并采用改变极弧系数和增设减重孔的方式对原模型进行优化。最终优化后模型的性能通过了有限元软件仿真验证。     

机翼结构重量预测的多学科分析优化方法

为了克服现有机翼结构重量计算方法的局限性,提出一种基于多学科分析优化的机翼结构重量计算方法。以客机机翼为例,阐述整个计算流程。计算流程的关键步骤包括机翼外形和结构参数化建模、气动分析模型自动生成与外形优化、结构有限元模型的自动生成和结构优化。应用CAD软件CATIA的二次开发方法,实现机翼外形几何模型、结构布置几何模型和气动分析模型的自动生成;应用MSC.Patran的PCL编程技术,实现结构有限元模型的自动生成;应用等效刚度和等效强度方法,提高结构有限元模型自动生成的稳健性,缩短结构分析和优化的计算时间;应用多学科集成和优化技术,建立机翼结构重量预测的计算平台,实现整个计算过程的自动化。算例表明这种方法稳健、有效,可快速地分析机翼外形参数与结构重量之间的关系,分析不同展向载荷分布和不同选材方案对机翼结构重量的影响。     

Optimal terminal guidance for exoatmospheric interception

In this study, two optimal terminal guidance (OTG) laws, one of which takes into account the final velocity vector constraint, are developed for exoatmospheric interception using optimal control theory. In exoatmospheric interception, because the proposed guidance laws give full consideration to the effect of gravity, they consume much less fuel than the traditional guidance laws while requiring a light computational load. In the development of the guidance laws, a unified optimal guidance problem is put forward, where the final velocity vector constraint can be consid-ered or neglected by properly adjusting a parameter in the cost function. To make this problem ana-lytically solvable, a linear model is used to approximate the gravity difference, the difference of the gravitational accelerations of the target and interceptor. Additionally, an example is provided to show that some achievements of this study can be used to significantly improve the fuel efficiency of the pulsed guidance employed by the interceptor whose divert thrust level is fixed.     

The effects of CO2 on growth and transpiration of radish (Raphanus sativus) in hypobaria

Plants grown on long-term space missions will likely be grown in low pressure environments (i.e., hypobaria). However, in hypobaria the transpiration rates of plants can increase and may result in wilting if the water is not readily replaced. It is possible to reduce transpiration by increasing the partial pressure of CO₂ (pCO₂), but the effects of pCO₂ at high levels (>120 Pa) on the growth and transpiration of plants in hypobaria are not known. Therefore, the effects of pCO₂ on the growth and transpiration of radish (Raphanus sativus var. Cherry Bomb II) in hypobaria were studied. The fresh weight (FW), leaf area, dry weight (DW), CO₂ assimilation rates (C_A), dark respiration rates (DR), and transpiration rates from 26 day-old radish plants that were grown for an additional seven days at different total pressures (33, 66 or 101 kPa) and pCO₂ (40 Pa, 100 Pa and 180 Pa) were measured. In general, the dry weight of plants increased with CO₂ enrichment and with lower total pressure. In limiting pCO₂ (40 Pa) conditions, the transpiration for plants grown at 33 kPa was approximately twice that of controls (101 kPa total pressure with 40 Pa pCO₂). Increasing the pCO₂ from 40 Pa to 180 Pa reduced the transpiration rates for plants grown in hypobaria and in standard atmospheric pressures. However, for plants grown in hypobaria and high pCO₂ (180 Pa) leaf damage was evident. Radish growth can be enhanced and transpiration reduced in hypobaria by enriching the gas phase with CO₂ although at high levels leaf damage may occur.     

民用发动机状态混沌预测算法

首先应用Haar小波和DB16小波对航空发动机排气温度的原始数据序列进行去噪处理,并且证明了处理后的数据序列具有混沌特征.其次应用混沌理论建立发动机状态预测算法,实现对排气温度的预测.通过检验排气温度预测值是否超过所规定的红线,以及该曲线是否平稳,从而进行发动机的健康状态排查.作为验证实例,使用一组某机型发动机实际飞行...     

基于模糊距离变换的骨架剪枝算法

针对传统骨架提取算法结果无法保证骨架单像素性,并且伴有毛刺产生的现象,提出了一种能够有效去除骨架中毛刺分枝,充分体现物体形态特征的骨架剪枝算法。该算法以模糊距离变换为理论基础,在物体粗骨架图像中计算每条尾枝的模糊距离变换值,使用根据骨架特点确定的动态阈值判断骨架分枝是否被去除,并利用分级剪枝方法实现骨架剪枝操作。实验结果表明,该算法在进行剪枝操作中可有效地保证骨架的准确性和连续性。     

大中型民用飞机起飞总重估算方法研究

推导了基于发动机推力估算起飞总重和基于旅客座位数估算起飞总重的公式。通过多种大中型喷气式民用客机相关参数的统计值,建立起飞总重对相关参数的多元回归分析模型,通过显著性检验,说明模型是有效的,并据此建立了新的起飞总重估算公式。通过算例结果分析表明,新的起飞总重估算公式具有很高精度。在新机的方案设计阶段若能给定此公式所需的相关参数,可以计算得到相对合理的设计起飞总重值。     

联翼布局传感器飞机多目标优化设计

针对联翼布局传感器飞机的任务需求特点,建立了专用于该类无人机的能够综合考虑气动、结构和雷达性能的多目标优化设计模型。利用改进的类函数/形函数参数化方法完成整机外形进行参数化,利用风洞试验进行了气动分析模型的验证,基于工程梁理论搭建了联翼布局结构重量估算模型。在雷达距离方程的基础上,建立了机翼内部雷达天线性能估算的数学模型。利用该模型,能够在优化过程中考虑到内置机载预警天线安装位置和性能评估对翼型选择、结构重量和气动特性的影响,最终得到全局最优设计。对某方案的优化结果表明,相较于优化前,多目标优化结果能够明显提升整机升阻比和前后视雷达探测范围,同时减轻结构重量。优化结果和敏感性分析表明了该多目标优化模型的可行性和必要性。     

Optimal guidance against active defense ballistic missiles via differential game strategies

The optimal guidance problem for an interceptor against a ballistic missile with active defense is investigated in this paper.A class of optimal guidance schemes are proposed based on linear quadratic differential game method and numerical solution of Riccati differential equation.By choosing proper parameters, the proposed guidance schemes are able to drive the interceptor to the target and away from the defender simultaneously.Additionally, fuel cost, control saturation,chattering phenomenon a...     

飞行器参数辨识的最优方波形输入信号设计

用动态规划法设计了旨在提高飞行器气动参数辨识精度的最优方波形输入信号。设计出的信号不仅在工程上易于实现,还在精度意义上达到了最优。为了避免加输入信号后飞行器状态离开线性工作点,从而导致模型失效,该设计方法还考虑了输出约束。用于某型飞行器的输入信号设计结果表明,该法是有效的。