登月舱上升段最优轨迹设计

为了实现登月舱上升段轨迹的优化,建立了上升段登月舱动力学模型,用单位归一化技术建立了最优控制模型,并以燃料消耗为最优指标,利用Pontryagin极小值原理,将问题转化为时间自由的两点边值问题 TPBVP 。采用了一种基于初值预估方法和向前扫描法求解TPBVP,从而设计出登月舱上升段最优轨迹,并进行了数值仿真。仿真结果表明所设计的算法收敛速度快、可靠性高。     

基于隐马尔可夫模型的语音识别技术在载人航天器上的应用

利用嵌入式平台构建了基于隐马尔可夫模型（Hidden Markov Model,HMM）技术的载人航天器语音识别系统,并针对载人航天器特殊的噪声背景和声学训练,对传统语音端点检测算法进行了改进。通过试验在嵌入式运行环境下实现了指令发送、文字输入等功能,证实该系统适应航天员的口音和发音习惯,可对连贯自然发音方式的命令进行识别,能够满足航天员及任务使用需求。     

基于波碰撞法的机器人路径规划法

文章提出了在离散区域上,基于起始点和目标点相向传播波碰撞法的机器人路径规划法。设机器人作业环境为二维平面大小一定的矩形地形,机器人行走时仅限于作原地转向或直线行走。基于此开展路径规划的仿真研究,提出了搜索许可路径的算法。计算机模拟结果证实该算法可行、有效。     

基于速度和加速度约束的有限控制能力路径跟踪

在考虑实际系统有限控制能力的情况下,对非完整移动机器人提出一种完全满足速度和加速度约束的路径跟踪技术。根据系统状态方程分析了移动机器人维持无偏差跟踪状态的条件,先通过智能预测控制将路径偏差转化为同号状态,再应用滚动时域控制和约束条件设计一种改进型最优预测控制器。当路径跟踪开始时,控制量从零初值调整;当路径偏差同步消除到零时,控制量可在速度和加速度约束下及时调整到零。仿真结果验证了所提技术的有效性,有限控制能力使该技术在工程应用时具有更好的可行性和适应性。     

基于软件无线电技术的4G数字接收系统设计

研究了基于软件无线电技术的体系结构,设计了一种基于软件无线电技术的4G数字接收系统,并对该系统各主要部分电路设计进行了详细阐述。该设计系统具有双通道,采样速率可达到65MHz,分辨率12bit。由于该设计采用了FPGA作为信号处理器,其设计灵活及可编程等特点使得该设计具有较强的通用性,适合4G通信中应用。     

基于数值仿真的飞机雷电流传导通路评估方法

飞行器的雷电防护设计和验证是保障飞行员及飞机安全的必要措施,尤其是随着雷电防护能力较差的复合材料广泛应用。复合材料对雷电流的传导能力远弱于金属,需要为雷电流传导提供额外的通路。本文从国内相关研究极少提及的飞机内部结构电磁建模出发,提出一套飞机内部结构的电磁建模及精度控制方法;构建 F22 飞机左机翼到右机翼的内部金属结构作为雷电流传导通路,基于通用电磁仿真软件进行飞机雷电间接效应仿真;对复合材料蒙皮、金属网蒙皮、金属网蒙皮加内部金属结构三种情况下飞机内部的电磁场及线缆耦合仿真结果进行对比。结果表明:合理的雷电流传导通路设计能够使飞机内部线缆感应的电流强度减半,起到良好的雷电防护效果;该评估方法适用于固定翼飞机的雷电流传导通路设计,能够作为飞机机载设备雷电间接效应试验指标分配的参考依据,便于定位飞机雷电间接效应防护的薄弱环节。     

火星车自主导航与路径规划技术研究

针对火星车工作任务环境,借鉴国外成功研究经验,给出了火星车自主导航敏感器配置,研究可在实际工程中应用的火星车自主导航与路径规划技术,包括DEM图构建与障碍物检测、全局路径规划、基于立体视觉相机的视觉里程计、多传感器融合位姿确定以及局部路径规划技术,并搭建了实验系统,在实验室内进行了仿真验证。相关研究结果可为我国后续开展火星车自主导航系统研究提供一定的基础。     

基于重力储能的太阳能飞机飞行轨迹研究

基于重力储能原理,研究了太阳能飞机变高度飞行轨迹及其应用效果。描述了变高度轨迹的具体组成部分及各部分的运动方式,建立了各部分轨迹和时间节点的物理数学模型,提出了适用于变高度轨迹的太阳能飞机总体参数设计方法。得到了给定设计指标下的飞行轨迹和需用功率曲线,并与定高度轨迹对比,研究了相关技术参数对变高度轨迹应用效果的影响。研究结果表明：变高度轨迹可以有效减小储能电池放电时间和机翼面积;对于不同设计高度均存在最优的爬升高度,使得机翼面积最小;设计高度越高,设计日期越偏离夏至日,储能电池能量密度越小,推进系统功重比越大,变高度轨迹的应用效果越明显。     

Formation flight of fixed-wing UAV swarms: A group-based hierarchical approach

This paper investigates a formation control problem of fixed-wing Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) swarms. A group-based hierarchical architecture is established among the UAVs, which decomposes all the UAVs into several distinct and non-overlapping groups. In each group, the UAVs form hierarchies with one UAV selected as the group leader. All group leaders execute coordinated path following to cooperatively handle the mission process among different groups, and the remaining followers track their direct leaders to achieve the inner-group coordination. More specifically, for a group leader, a virtual target moving along its desired path is assigned for the UAV, and an updating law is proposed to coordinate all the group leaders’ virtual targets; for a follower UAV, the distributed leader-following formation control law is proposed to make the follower’s heading angle coincide with its direct leader, while keeping the desired relative position with respect to its direct leader. The proposed control law guarantees the globally asymptotic stability of the whole closed-loop swarm system under the control input constraints of fixed-wing UAVs. Theoretical proofs and numerical simulations are provided, which corroborate the effectiveness of the proposed method.     

Modified robust optimal adaptive control for flight environment simulation system with heat transfer uncertainty

To solve the rapid transient control problem of Flight Environment Simulation System (FESS) of Altitude Ground Test Facilities (AGTF) with large heat transfer uncertainty and disturbance, a new adaptive control structure of modified robust optimal adaptive control is presented. The mathematic modeling of FESS is given and the influence of heat transfer is analyzed through energy view. To consider the influence of heat transfer in controller design, we introduce a matched uncertainty that represents heat transfer influence in the linearized system of FESS. Based on this linear system, we deduce the design of modified robust optimal adaptive control law in a general way. Meanwhile, the robust stability of the modified robust optimal adaptive control law is proved through using Lyapunov stability theory. Then, a typical aero-engine test condition with Mach Dash and Zoom-Climb is used to verify the effectiveness of the devised adaptive controller. The simulation results show that the designed controller has servo tracking and disturbance rejection performance under heat transfer uncertainty and disturbance; the relative steady-state and dynamic errors of pressure and temperature are both smaller than 1% and 0.2% respectively. Furthermore, the influence of the modification parameter γ is analyzed through simulation. Finally, comparing with the standard ideal model reference adaptive controller, the modified robust optimal adaptive controller obviously provides better control performance than the ideal model reference adaptive controller does.