航空加压供氧面罩适合体性影响因素分析

 探讨了鼻面部外形尺寸对航空加压供氧面罩舒适性和气密性的影响,分析了产生鼻面部压痛和渗漏气的原因及其与鼻面部尺寸的关系。结果表明,鼻面部压痛与鼻中高大小关系密切（ｐ＜０．０５）,压痛者的鼻中高显著大于无压痛者（ｐ＜０．０１）。因此,鼻中高在决定面罩舒适性方面起着重要的作用,是面罩外形设计中不可忽视的重要人体尺寸。     

探头式结冰探测器安装位置分析

通过求解雷诺时均Navier-Stokes(N-S)方程获得空气流场,采用欧拉法求解水滴运动场获得水滴运动轨迹.通过计算来流液态水含量等值线距离部件表面的垂直距离,获得部件不同位置上的广义水滴遮蔽高度.研究了不同飞行条件和气象条件下的广义水滴遮蔽高度大小.根据探头式结冰探测器安装位置要求确定探头式结冰探测器的合理安装区域.通过分析不同的状态参数对广义水滴遮蔽高度的影响,为结冰探测器安装位置计算状态参数的选取提供了数据支持.      

一种新的泊位飞机阴影分割方法

飞机泊位自动引导系统中,识别跟踪定位泊位飞机时,会出现灰度较低区域被误判为阴影区域的现象,严重影响识别效果,因此分割飞机阴影是泊位成功与否的关键技术。提出一种将形态学的幂变换与无边界主动轮廓线模型结合的阴影分割方法,首先利用多方向权重形态学对泊位飞机图像中的噪声和微小的干扰区域进行滤除,然后进行幂变换来增强图像质量,最后利用无边界主动轮廓线模型分割阴影。实验结果表明,该方法不仅能够滤除噪声,保留图像细节,而且能提高分割阴影的精确度,并且抑制了泊位飞机分割产生的＂拖尾＂现象,有效地检测出运动飞机的阴影。     

月壤含水特性原位快速预判传感器设计与验证

基于月壤和水冰对不同谱段近红外激光存在吸收/反射差异性的特点,提出了采用多模近红外激光光强差异反演月壤含水特性的水冰原位快速预判方法。通过发射/接收光路同轴设计及多模激光光路分时复用设计,实现了多模激光光学系统轻小型化设计,研制出基于多模近红外激光的月壤水冰原位快速预判传感器工程样机,并开展了针对低含水率极区模拟月壤的含水特性原位预判试验。试验结果表明：该传感器水冰检测限可达0.39%,单次预判时间可优于1 s,光斑直径@检测距离为5 cm@500 mm,传感器具备对地面模拟月壤含水特性进行原位快速预判的能力。     

Analysis of the current density characteristics in through-mask electrochemical micromachining (TMEMM) for fabrication of micro-hole arrays on invar alloy film

Invar alloy consisting of 64% iron and 36% nickel has been widely used for the production of shadow masks for organic light emitting diodes(OLEDs) because of its low thermal expansion coefficient(1.86 ? 10à6cm/°C).To fabricate micro-hole arrays on 30 lm invar alloy film,through-mask electrochemical micromachining(TMEMM) was developed and combined with a portion of the photolithography etching process.For precise hole shapes,patterned photoresist(PR) film was applied as an insulating mask.To investigate the relationship between the current density and the material removal rate,the principle of the electrochemical machining was studied with a focus on the equation.The finite element method(FEM) was used to verify the influence of each parameter on the current density on the invar alloy film surface.The parameters considered were the thickness of the PR mask,inter-electrode gap(IEG),and electrolyte concentration.Design of experiments(DOE) was used to figure out the contribution of each parameter.A simulation was conducted with varying parameters to figure out their relationships with the current density.Optimization was conducted to select the suitable conditions.An experiment was carried out to verify the simulation results.It was possible to fabricate micro-hole arrays on invar alloy film using TMEMM,which is a promising method that can be applied to fabrications of OLEDs shadow masks.     

阴影遮挡对太阳电池阵发电能力影响的仿真分析

航天器太阳电池阵的在轨发电能力会由于舱体等对太阳光的遮挡而受到影响。文章通过建立太阳电池电路模型,利用Saber仿真平台进行仿真,得到太阳电池单串电路遮挡片数与功率输出的关系曲线,利用MatLab进行了基于每个单串电池电路的遮挡计算,最终计算得到自主飞行阶段的阴影遮挡造成的太阳电池阵功率损失率。比较新计算方法与传统计算方法的计算结果表明,新方法的计算精度更高,尤其是在被遮挡的电池片数量较少时,新方法的优势更加突出。     

Imaging with the ASTROSAT scanning sky monitor

The Scanning Sky Monitor aboard the Indian Multiwavelength Astronomy Satellite ASTROSAT will employ coded mask X-ray cameras, rotating continuously to scan the sky. This paper discusses a method of image reconstruction for such continuously moving coded mask cameras.     

荫罩孔径透过率自动测量系统的设计与实现

介绍一种双处理机三轴方式的全自动荫罩孔径透过率自动测量装置 ,给出了系统的设计方案与实现方法。     

基于图像分析的荫罩网孔检测系统

提出一种利用图像分析方法进行荫罩网孔检测的新技术。介绍了系统的结构、基本功能以及实现方面的一些关键技术。讨论了软件实现方面的一些关键技术 ,给出了有关处理的具体算法。实际使用表明 ,该系统检测精度高 ,操作简便 ,可显著提高工作效率。     

A shadow function model based on perspective projection and atmospheric effect for satellites in eclipse

Accurate Solar Radiation Pressure (SRP) modelling is critical for correctly describing the dynamics of satellites. A shadow function is a unitless quantity varying between 0 and 1 to scale the solar radiation flux at a satellite’s location during eclipses. Errors in modelling shadow function lead to inaccuracy in SRP that degrades the orbit quality. Shadow function modelling requires solutions to a geometrical problem (Earth’s oblateness) and a physical problem (atmospheric effects). This study presents a new shadow function model (PPM_atm) which uses a perspective projection based approach to solve the geometrical problem rigorously and a linear function to describe the reduction of solar radiation flux due to atmospheric effects. GRACE (Gravity Recovery And Climate Experiment) satellites carry accelerometers that record variations of non-conservative forces, which reveal the variations of shadow function during eclipses. In this study, the PPM_atm is validated using accelerometer observations of the GRACE-A satellite. Test results show that the PPM_atm is closer to the variations in accelerometer observations than the widely used SECM (Spherical Earth Conical Model). Taking the accelerometer observations derived shadow function as the “truth”, the relative error in PPM_atm is ?0.79% while the SECM 11.07%. The influence of the PPM_atm is also shown in orbit prediction for Galileo satellites. Compared with the SECM, the PPM_atm can reduce the radial orbit error RMS by 5.6?cm over a 7-day prediction. The impacts of the errors in shadow function modelling on the orbit remain to be systematic and should be mitigated in long-term orbit prediction.