考虑数值离散误差的湍流模型选择引入的不确定度量化

在流体力学数值模拟过程中存在着多种来源的不确定因素,科学、定量地描述这些因素对模拟结果的影响对模型确认、工业产品设计优化和性能评估等过程十分重要。数值离散、模型选择和模型预测偏差是模拟过程中3种重要的不确定性来源,为将这3种不确定性因素对模拟目标量的影响统一考虑,发展了考虑数值离散误差的贝叶斯模型平均方法。首先,通过对数值离散解和网格尺度进行拟合完成数值离散误差估计,得到每个备选模型真实解的置信区间。然后,通过嵌套方法和条件优化算法,结合贝叶斯模型平均方法构建目标量的概率盒,定义目标变量累积分布函数的上、下限,以此分析其置信区间。最后,针对NACA0012低速绕流和CHN-T1跨声速绕流问题,给出了同时考虑上述3种不确定性因素之后升、阻力系数的置信区间分析示例。     

GNSS carrier phase ambiguity resolution based on integrity restriction in ambiguity domain

Carrier phase ambiguity resolution of Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) is a key technology for high-precision navigation and positioning, and it is a challenge for applications which require both high accuracy and high integrity. This paper proposes efficient ambiguity resolution methods based on integrity restriction using Fixed Failure rate Ratio Test (FF-RT) and Doubly Non-central F-distribution Ratio Test (DNF-RT), and derives the related processing models and numerical algorithms compared with the traditional Ratio Test (RT) method. Firstly, the integer ambiguity resolution and validation procedures, especially the Least squares AMBiguity Decorrelation Adjustment (LAMBDA) estimation and RT validation are analyzed. Then the quality evaluation using success rate, the FF-RT method using Integer Aperture (IA) estimation and the NDF-RT method are proposed. Lastly, the simulation and analysis for LAMBDA using RT, FF-RT and DNF-RT methods are performed. Simulation results show that in case of unbiased scenario FF-RT and DNF-RT have similar performances, which are significantly better than RT. In case of biased scenario it is difficult for FF-RT to predict the biased success rate thus it should not be used for bias detection, while DNF-RT can detect biases in most cases except for the biases are approximate or equal to integer, which has the important benefit for early detection of potential threat to the position solution.     

Optical orbital debris spotter

The number of man-made debris objects orbiting the Earth, or orbital debris, is alarmingly increasing, resulting in the increased probability of degradation, damage, or destruction of operating spacecraft. In part, small objects (<10 cm) in Low Earth Orbit (LEO) are of concern because they are abundant and difficult to track or even to detect on a routine basis. Due to the increasing debris population it is reasonable to assume that improved capabilities for on-orbit damage attribution, in addition to increased capabilities to detect and track small objects are needed. Here we present a sensor concept to detect small debris with sizes between approximately 1.0 and 0.01 cm in the vicinity of a host spacecraft for near real time damage attribution and characterization of dense debris fields and potentially to provide additional data to existing debris models.     

Experiments and numerical simulations of an electrodynamic tether deployment from a spool-type reel using thrusters

The amount of space debris is ever increasing, and pollution of the space environment has become a serious problem that can no longer be ignored. Consequently, the active removal of large space debris from crowded economically useful orbits should begin as soon as possible. The Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency has been investigating an active debris removal system that employs highly efficient electrodynamic tether (EDT) technology for orbital transfer. This study investigates the tether deployment from a spool-type reel using thrusters by means of numerical simulations of an EDT system. The thrusters are used in order to ensure the deployment of a tether with the length of several kilometers. In the simulations using a multiple mass tether model, the key parameters are estimated from various on-ground experiments. By means of the numerical simulations, the dynamics of tether deployment is studied and requirements of thruster needed for the deployment, such as the thrust forces and the periods of thruster activation, are clarified.     

转台高精度模拟卫星三轴角速度解耦算法研究

针对传统法解决转台解耦问题存在的不足,将欧拉角速度转为陀螺角速度,地球自转作为转动激励,提出了一种新的转台解耦方法。对框角解耦算法以及卫星三轴与转台三轴不同关系条件下的转台改进算法进行了仿真。结果表明:用转台模拟卫星欧拉姿态角时,应尽量避免中内框夹角过小;卫星稳态运行时,转台的内外框分别模拟卫星的俯仰、偏航轴。转台不会产生接近奇异的现象。     

非对称转捩对横向偏离稳定的影响

为研究非对称转捩对横向偏离稳定的影响,采用指定位置的强制转捩方法,对典型升力体外形进行非对称转捩的的数值模拟,包含全层流、全湍流及斜线转捩情况的计算与分析,得到非对称转捩对横向偏离稳定性影响的结论。结果表明：极端转捩会使飞行器航向稳定性变差,斜线转捩甚至会使飞行器航向稳定性的极性发生改变。     

粗糙物面引起的超声速边界层转捩现象研究

采用风洞实验和数值模拟方法研究平板表面圆柱形粗糙单元引起的M=3超声速边界层转捩问题。实验采用纳米粒子示踪平面激光散射技术（NPLS）对流动结构进行测量。共考察了1mm、2mm和4mm三个不同的粗糙度条件。采用五阶精度加权紧致非线性格式（WCNS-E-5）对风洞实验进行数值模拟和对比。实验及计算表明：粗糙元对边界层干扰后诱导了尾迹流向涡的形成,流向涡通过抬升机制产生剪切层和流向速度条带等不稳定结构;实验流动图像显示,剪切层不稳定在边界层转捩过程中起重要作用;随着粗糙元高度增加,流动分离范围和转捩区域明显扩大,转捩位置有提前的趋势。     

临近空间再生燃料电池储能系统散热风扇性能

针对平流层飞艇再生燃料电池储能系统的风冷散热组件,采用Fluent计算散热风扇在设计飞行高度不同转速条件下的风压、流量、静压效率等性能参数。进而针对海拔0~20km高度的环境温度和压力变化,计算20kW散热能力条件下散热组件风量需求及其对应风扇转速、功耗等变化趋势。在此基础上,进行散热组件不同海拔高度环境下的性能试验,风扇模型计算结果和试验数据吻合较好。结果表明风冷散热组件能够满足再生燃料电池储能系统在包括起飞、高空驻留和降落在内的整个任务周期的散热要求。     

Novel design and simulation of curved blade oil scoop with high oil capture efficiency

As the load and working environment temperature increasing, high efficiency oil lubrication was urgently needed for the main bearing of aeroengine. However, the low oil capture efficiency of radial oil scoop affects the application of under-race lubrication structure with radial oil collection. In this work, a novel design of curved blade oil scoop for under-race lubrication is proposed to improve the oil capture efficiency. First of all, the principle of relative velocity optimization is proposed by analyzing the collision process between blade and oil jet for theoretical research. Then, the theoretical curve equations of blade inlet under three different oil jet incidence conditions are solved. After that, the monotonicity of the theoretical curves is analyzed. The effects of rotation speed, oil jet velocity, eccentric distance of oil jet, and include angle of curve are analyzed. The location of the collision points of proposed theoretical curves are also been optimized. Finally, a transient Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) simulation of the novel oil scoop design was carried out. The simulation results show that the capture efficiency of curved blade oil scoop can be improved by 30% comparing to the traditional design.     

A review of numerical analyses and experimental characterization methods for forming of textile reinforcements

The forming of textile reinforcements is an important stage in the manufacturing of textile composite parts with Liquid Composite Molding process. Fiber orientations and part geometry obtained from this stage have significant impact on the subsequent resin injection and final mechanical properties of composite part. Numerical simulation of textile reinforcement forming is in strong demand as it can greatly reduce the time and cost in the determination of the optimized processing parameters, which is the foundation of the low-cost application of composite materials. This review presents the state of the art of forming modeling methods for textile reinforcement and the corresponding experimental characterization methods developed in this field. The microscopic, mesoscopic and macroscopic models are discussed. Studies concerning the simulation of wrinkling are also presented since it is the most common defect occurred in the textile reinforcement forming. Finally, challenges and recommendations on the future research directions for textile reinforcement modeling and experimental characterization are provided.