一种自学习Fuzzy控制器

为了提高Ｐｕｚｚｙ控制器的性能，适当调整Ｆｕｚｚｙ控制规则是很重要的。本文利用参考Ｆｕｚｚｙ集的概念给出了一种便于规则调整的Ｆｕｚｚｙ控制算法。由于这种算法避免了输入和输出数值域上的离散化，所以具有较强的灵活性。为了估计Ｆｕｚｚｙ控制器的性能，本文利用了参考模型。通过参考模型与被控对象输出的偏差来实时调整Ｆｕｚｚｙ控制规则，构成了自学习Ｆｕｚｚｙ控制器。仿真结果表明，自学习性能是令人满意的。     

太阳电池阵的铰链副刚度参数识别

为正确识别太阳电池阵铰链副的刚度参数,用形状简单、建模相对容易的有机玻璃板列阵不同状态下模态试验结果估计待识别参数的初始值,通过线性化目标函数,将参数识别归为易求解的数学规划问题,最终直接用商用有限元分析程序和数学软件实现参数识别。识别结果表明,理论计算值与试验结果基本吻合。     

Simulated microgravity inhibits the proliferation of K562 erythroleukemia cells but does not result in apoptosis

Astronauts and experimental animals in space develop the anemia of space flight, but the underlying mechanisms are still unclear. In this study, the impact of simulated microgravity on proliferation, cell death, cell cycle progress and cytoskeleton of erythroid progenitor-like K562 leukemia cells was observed. K562 cells were cultured in NASA Rotary Cell Culture System (RCCS) that was used to simulate microgravity (at 15 rpm). After culture for 24 h, 48 h, 72 h, and 96 h, the cell densities cultured in RCCS were only 55.5%, 54.3%, 67.2% and 66.4% of the flask-cultured control cells, respectively. The percentages of trypan blue-stained dead cells and the percentages of apoptotic cells demonstrated no difference between RCCS-cultured cells and flask-cultured cells at every time points (from 12 h to 96 h). Compared with flask-cultured cells, RCCS culture induced an accumulation of cell number at S phase concomitant with a decrease at G0/G1 and G2/M phases at 12 h. But 12 h later (from 24 h to 60 h), the distribution of cell cycle phases in RCCS-cultured cells became no difference compared to flask-cultured cells. Consistent with the changes of cell cycle distribution, the levels of intercellular cyclins in RCCS-cultured cells changed at 12 h, including a decrease in cyclin A, and the increasing in cyclin B, D1 and E, and then (from 24 h to 36 h) began to restore to control levels. After RCCS culture for 12–36 h, the microfilaments showed uneven and clustered distribution, and the microtubules were highly disorganized. These results indicated that RCCS-simulated microgravity could induce a transient inhibition of proliferation, but not result in apoptosis, which could involve in the development of space flight anemia. K562 cells could be a useful model to research the effects of microgravity on differentiation and proliferation of hematopoietic cells.     

T cell regulation in microgravity – The current knowledge from in vitro experiments conducted in space,parabolic flights and ground-based facilities

Dating back to the Apollo and Skylab missions, it has been reported that astronauts suffered from bacterial and viral infections during space flight or after returning to Earth. Blood analyses revealed strongly reduced capability of human lymphocytes to become active upon mitogenic stimulation. Since then, a large number of in vitro studies on human immune cells have been conducted in space, in parabolic flights, and in ground-based facilities. It became obvious that microgravity affects cell morphology and important cellular functions. Observed changes include cell proliferation, the cytoskeleton, signal transduction and gene expression. This review gives an overview of the current knowledge of T cell regulation under altered gravity conditions obtained by in vitro studies with special emphasis on the cell culture conditions used. We propose that future in vitro experiments should follow rigorous standardized cell culture conditions, which allows better comparison of the results obtained in different flight- and ground-based experiment platforms.     

轻小型太阳能/氢能无人机发展综述

轻小型无人机（UAV）在军民领域都有着广泛的用途，电动无人机由于其振动低、无污染、无排放等优势，已经成为无人机领域的发展热点。为了提高轻小型电动无人机的航时，清洁、高能量密度的太阳能和氢能成为非常可行的技术途径之一。本文总结了轻小型太阳能、氢能无人机的发展历程；梳理了相关的关键技术，并对太阳能、氢能无人机的总体设计方法和能源动力系统的发展进行了较为深入的探讨；最后，展望了该类无人机的发展趋势，并对所面临的挑战进行了预测。     

基于螺旋桨特性的活塞发动机涡轮废气阀的调节

通过发动机螺旋桨功率特性分析,对巡航状况下增压发动机涡轮废气调节阀的调节规律进行了研究,并且预测飞机的经济运行状态.对飞机在4000m海拔高度以恒定速度180km/h巡航工况进行了研究,调节涡轮废气放气阀开度控制空气盒的目标压力,桨距角的变化随螺旋桨特性曲线进行调节.运行的结果显示,通过变桨距调节和涡轮废气阀调节的共同作用,可实现与增压器匹配的压气机运行在68%~76%的高效率区域.      

GPS/Galileo组合导航的模糊度搜索空间

为了组合导航的载波相位模糊度固定,将目前在GPS中常用的模糊度固定方法--最小二乘降相关平差（LAMBDA）法直接应用于GPS/Galileo组合模糊度固定,发现其搜索空间的确定方法并不能很好地适应GPS/Galileo组合中模糊度维数较高的情况。通过对常规LAMBDA搜索空间确定方法的分析比较,在传统方法的基础上提出了一种专门针对高维模糊度固定的搜索空间确定方法--修正法确定模糊度搜索空间。通过对修正法进行仿真试验,证明该方法能保证在GPS/Galileo组合定位模式下实际备选模糊度个数基本与预先设定的备选模糊度个数一致,进而能在不降低模糊度固定成功率的基础上有效提高LAMBDA模糊度固定的搜索效率,其性能优于传统的模糊度搜索空间确定方法。     

基于自适应动态平差的导航星座自主时间同步方法

基于近代平差理论系统地讨论导航星座的自主时间同步问题,建立了自主时间同步的空间自由网平差模型,提出基于星间双向测距链路和原子钟模型的自适应动态平差算法。该算法对污染测量值采用抗差M估计,而对各卫星钟差模型采用不同的自适应因子调节。给出了简要的理论分析和关键的仿真技术。结果表明,该算法能有效地控制观测误差和模型误差的影响,实现星间高精度自主时间同步。     

等效位移损伤剂量法预测GaInP2/GaAs/Ge 三结电池在轨性能退化规律

文章首先在辐照条件下测试GaInP2/GaAs/Ge三结太阳电池的光谱响应,确定了三结电池在轨道带电粒子辐照条件下的损伤特征。通过试验获得了在不同粒子辐照条件下电池电性能退化规律,由此确定了高能电子与质子辐照对三结电池损伤的等效参数,建立了三结电池最大输出功率随位移损伤剂量的退化方程。在此基础上,以地球同步轨道服役的太阳电池为例,计算了电池在轨等效位移损伤剂量,并对三结电池的在轨服役行为进行了评价。     

一种改进的转子系统临界转速调整方法

针对转子系统的临界转速最优化调整问题,在详细分析已有方法的基础上,提出一种改进的优化调整方法,以调整量最小为目标函数,达到预先给定的临界转速为约束条件,推导了优化调整模型,无需进行修正处理,简化了优化流程.对某转子系统进行最优化调整的计算结果表明,该方法不仅可得到满足要求的最优解,而且能有效的减少计算耗时.