Aircraft nonlinear stability analysis and multidimensional stability region estimation under icing conditions

Icing is one of the crucial factors that could pose great threat to flight safety,and thus research on stability and stability region of aircraft safety under icing conditions is significant for control and flight.Nonlinear dynamical equations and models of aerodynamic coefficients of an air craft are set up in this paper to study the stability and stability region of the aircraft under an icing condition.Firstly,the equilibrium points of the iced aircraft system are calculated and analyzed based on the theory of differential equation stability.Secondly,according to the correlation theory about equilibrium points and the stability region,this paper estimates the multidimensional stability region of the aircraft,based on which the stability regions before and after icing are compared.Finally,the results are confirmed by the time history analysis.The results can give a reference for stability analysis and envelope protection of the nonlinear system of an iced aircraft.     

基于非线性变换的加速度计误差标定与补偿CSCD

为提高三轴加速度计测量精度,分析其误差来源和产生机理,建立了误差模型;根据误差模型和重力场幅值不变特性,推导出非线性观测方程。引入两个未知的参数向量,通过数学变换把非线性观测方程变形为关于新未知参数的线性方程;然后采用批量最小二乘法求出新的未知参数,并根据误差模型参数和新未知参数之间的关系,利用逆解析运算求出对应的零点偏差、灵敏度误差和三轴不正交误差。实验结果表明,加速度计正负误差峰值间距可以减小100倍左右,精度可达10-3m/s2,并具有很好的可重复性。该方法算法效率较高,补偿效果显著。     

Nonlinear dynamic modeling of a helicopter planetary gear train for carrier plate crack fault diagnosis

Planetary gear train plays a significant role in a helicopter operation and its health is of great importance for the flight safety of the helicopter. This paper investigates the effects of a planet carrier plate crack on the dynamic characteristics of a planetary gear train, and thus finds an effec-tive method to diagnose crack fault. A dynamic model is developed to analyze the torsional vibra-tion of a planetary gear train with a cracked planet carrier plate. The model takes into consideration nonlinear factors such as the time-varying meshing stiffness, gear backlash and viscous damping. Investigation of the deformation of the cracked carrier plate under static stress is performed in order to simulate the dynamic effects of the planet carrier crack on the angular displacement of car-rier posts. Validation shows good accuracy of the developed dynamic model in predicting dynamic characteristics of a planetary gear train. Fault features extracted from predictions of the model reveal the correspondence between vibration characteristic and the conditions (length and position) of a planet carrier crack clearly.     

单斜面膨胀喷管几何参数对流场和性能的影响

基于CFD技术,通过求解R eynolds平均N-S方程附以标准k-ε双方程湍流模型,数值研究了单斜面膨胀喷管(SERN)主要几何参数对其内部流场和性能的影响,计算结果表明,SERN扩张段上、下斜面长度和角度对喷管流场结构和性能有明显的影响,随着上斜面长度的增加,喷管从欠膨胀状态过渡到过膨胀状态,在完全膨胀状态下,推力系数最大,存在某一最佳的上斜面角度,在该角度下,喷管推力系数最大,同样地,对于下斜面也存在最佳斜面长度和角度。      

A CFD-based numerical virtual flight simulator and its application in control law design of a maneuverable missile model

A CFD-based Numerical Virtual Flight (NVF) simulator is presented, which integrates an unsteady flow solver on moving hybrid grids, a Rigid-Body Dynamics (RBD) solver and a module of the Flight Control System (FCS). A technique of dynamic hybrid grids is developed to control the active control surfaces with body morphing, with a technique of parallel unstructured dynamic overlapping grids generating proper moving grids over the deflecting control surfaces (e.g. the afterbody rudders of a missile). For the flow/kinematic coupled problems, the 6 Degree-Of-Freedom (DOF) equations are solved by an explicit or implicit method coupled with the URANS CFD solver. The module of the control law is explicitly coupled into the NVF simulator and then improved by the simulation of the pitching maneuver process of a maneuverable missile model. A nonlinear dynamic inversion method is then implemented to design the control law for the pitching process of the maneuverable missile model. Simulations and analysis of the pitching maneuver process are carried out by the NVF simulator to improve the flight control law. Higher control response performance is obtained by adjusting the gain factors and adding an integrator into the control loop.     

基于线化稳定性理论的后掠翼边界层内横流稳定性研究

采用Mack方法求解忽略曲率和压缩性的三维线化稳定性方程（Orr-Sommerfeld方程）,针对无限展长后掠翼,计算分析边界层内不同波长横流驻波沿弦向的放大率,确定最不稳定波的波长。计算结果与参考文献中的实验结论和计算结果符合较好,表明该方法能够准确的预测出最不稳定波的波长,可以用来指导横流驻波主导下的后掠翼流动稳定性问题研究。     

一种三维弹性机翼气动优化新方法

基于控制理论方法和有限元分析软件,通过将网格生成、流场计算、有限元分析、粘性伴随方程数值求解、梯度求解和拟牛顿优化算法等几方面的有效结合,研究与发展了计及静气动弹性影响的三维机翼气动优化设计方法,其中,雷诺平均Navier-Stokes方程为主控方程,气动载荷和结构静弹性变形量由气动/结构方程的耦合迭代求解得到,目标函数梯度信息由共轭方程数值求解得到。典型大展弦比机翼气动减阻设计结果表明：研究及发展的计及静气动弹性影响的三维机翼气动优化设计方法是有效的,能够有效考虑静气动弹性的影响。     

考虑转捩影响的风力机翼型气动特性计算研究

基于二维雷诺平均Navier-Stokes(RANS)方程,耦合eN数据库方法进行流动转捩判断,采用SA湍流模型计算了风力机专用翼型DU91-W2-250的气动特性,得到了雷诺数Re=1.0×106时,攻角在-11°~12°范围内该翼型的升力和阻力特性曲线及压力分布。通过对全湍流计算结果、耦合转捩判断的计算结果及实验数据的对比,表明考虑转捩因素后的计算结果与实验结果吻合更好,说明要准确模拟风力机翼型的绕流,必须考虑转捩影响。     

Gust response analysis and wind tunnel test for a high-aspect ratio wing

A theoretical nonlinear aeroelastic response analysis for a flexible high-aspect ratio wing excited by harmonic gust load is presented along with a companion wind tunnel test. A multidisci-plinary coupled numerical calculation is developed to simulate the flexible model wing undergoing gust load in the time domain via discrete nonlinear finite element structural dynamic analysis and nonplanar unsteady vortex lattice aerodynamic computation. A dynamic perturbation analysis about a nonlinear static equilibrium is also used to determine the small perturbation flutter bound-ary. A novel noncontact 3-D camera measurement analysis system is firstly used in the wind tunnel test to obtain the spatial large deformation and responses. The responses of the flexible wing under different static equilibrium states and frequency gust loads are discussed. The fair to good quanti-tative agreements between the theoretical and experimental results demonstrate that the presented analysis method is an acceptable way to predict the geometrically nonlinear gust response for flex-ible wings.     

战损飞机动力学特性分析及杀伤研究

现代战争中,防空武器性能不断提升,对飞机造成的威胁越来越大,确定飞机受到打击时的杀伤状态及杀伤等级成为飞机设计时需要考虑的重要问题。飞机被防空武器击中时,可能发生机翼脱离损伤,其质量、面积产生明显变化,将导致飞机的重心、气动特性的变化,严重危害飞机的稳定性。针对上述情况,以某型作战飞机为例,建立损伤情况下的飞机模型,综合分析机翼脱离损伤对飞机重量、重心和机翼面积带来的影响;建立损伤飞机的气动模型,计算损伤飞机气动特性的变化情况。基于这些变化,分析损伤对飞机动力学特性的影响,建立损伤状态下的动力学方程,计算损伤飞机的失控时间,依此确定飞机的杀伤等级。本文所做研究可用于在飞机设计过程中分析其杀伤状态及杀伤等级,为飞机设计时飞机杀伤的分析评估提供一种有效的解法。