芳氧基聚磷腈绝热包覆材料的性能表征

针对固体火箭发动机对绝热包覆材料性能要求,制备了芳氧基聚磷腈绝热包覆材料。利用热导率测定仪、动态热机械仪、SEM以及国军标规定的测试方法对芳氧基聚磷腈的热导率、线膨胀系数、烧蚀后碳层结构、密度、线烧蚀率以及与推进剂的相容性等进行了表征。结果表明,芳氧基聚磷腈的热导率为0.187 W/(m·K)、线膨胀系数为2.31×10-4、密度为1.196 g/cm3、线烧蚀率为0.109 mm/s,而且烧蚀后成碳率高、碳层坚硬,同时该材料与推进剂具有良好的相容性。芳氧基聚磷腈优异的物理性能及抗烧蚀性能,证明其可作为火箭发动机绝热包覆材料,并显示出良好的应用前景。     

轻型公务机碳纤维复合材料增压舱共固化成型工艺的试验研究

以轻型高端公务机领世300增压舱共固化成型技术为研究背景,针对增压舱为固化炉整体成型的特点,借助DSC对T700G-12K碳纤维/环氧预浸料的固化温度和固化度进行了研究与分析,优化固化工艺参数.通过无损检测C扫描和力学测试进行验证.试验结果表明:增压舱固化工艺采用凝胶点温度80℃下处理240rin,105℃下保温保压120min以及130℃下保温保压120min为本组试验的最优方案,产品缺陷少.     

Reconciling space object observed and solar pressure albedo-areas via astrometric and photometric data fusion

There are many Resident Space Objects (RSOs) in the Geostationary Earth Orbit (GEO) regime, both operational and debris. The primary non-gravitational force acting on these RSOs is Solar Radiation Pressure (SRP), which is sensitive to the RSO’s area-to-mass ratio. Sparse observation data and mismodeling of non-gravitational forces has constrained the state of practice in tracking and characterizing RSOs. Accurate identification, characterization, tracking, and motion prediction of RSOs is a high priority research issue as it shall aid in assessing collision probabilities in the GEO regime, and orbital safety writ large. Previous work in characterizing RSOs has taken a preliminary step in exploiting fused astrometric and photometric data to estimate the RSO mass, shape, attitude, and size. This works, in theory, since angles data are sensitive to SRP albedo-area-to-mass ratio, and photometric data are sensitive to shape, attitude, and observed albedo-area. By fusing these two data types, mass and albedo-area both become observable parameters and can be estimated as independent quantities. However, previous work in mass and albedo-area estimation has not quantified and assessed the fundamental physical link between SRP albedo-area and observed albedo-area. The observed albedo-area is always a function of the SRP albedo-area along the line of sight of the observer. This is the physical relationship that this current research exploits. It is shown through simulation that due to this physical link, and through the fusion of astrometric and photometric data, it is possible to observe the mass of a space object when the area is not known. Results for data from 100 trajectories generated from randomly sampled initial conditions are shown. It is seen that even when the area of the object is not known, the uncertainty in mass can be lowered from an initial value of 800?kg to the range 500–700?kg for 72% of the samples, 200–500?kg for 13% of the samples, and 0–200?kg for 15% of the samples. It is further shown that although the uncertainties are large, the actual errors in mass are much lower, with the error RMS being less than 100?kg for 30% of the samples, between 100 and 200?kg for another 30%, and between 200 and 300?kg for 24% of the samples.     

基于激光激励的火工冲击响应及其特性研究

针对传统火工冲击激励方法在频率范围方面的局限性，研究新兴的激光激励方式、激励特性及其参数的影响，探究模拟火工冲击试验的可行性。首先参考经典的冲击试验方法，制定了激光激励试验的试验方案，设计了试验装置并进行了冲击试验；然后针对火工冲击和激光激励的试验结果，在时域、频域进行了时频分析和响应谱分析与对比；最后依据该试验方法，讨论了激光脉冲频率和激光脉冲能量对冲击响应的影响。研究提出的激光激励方法对火工冲击机理研究与地面模拟试验设计具有一定的参考价值。     

声发射技术在复合材料结构无损检测中的应用

简述了复合材料AE技术的发展概况、AE特性和破坏类型;讨论了几种不同破坏机理的AE判据;着重介绍了AE技术在复合材料压力容器无损检测中的应用及压力容器水压试验时应注意的某些问题。     

壳体轴压失稳载荷的非破坏预示

本文提出了侧向柔度法。该方法把壳体的侧向柔度率作为控制参数,研究该参数随轴压的变化特性,结合低载荷下的实测数据,运用最小二乘法原理进行拟合,可预示失稳载荷。计算实例表明,这种方法是可行的。     

对苯二胺功能化多壁碳纳米管的制备与表征

通过将浓硫酸和浓硝酸处理过的多壁碳纳米管（MWNTs）与SOCl2回流进而与对苯二胺（p-PDA）反应,得到了p-PDA功能化的多壁碳纳米管（p-MWNTs）。首次采用Raman光谱、X-射线光电子能谱（XPS）、透射电子显微镜（TEM）、热重分析（TGA）对p-MWNTs的结构和性能进行研究。结果表明：化学修饰过程没有过多地降低p-MWNTs表面石墨片层的结构规整度,苯胺基团以3.7%的表面含量通过酰胺键连接到p-MWNTs表面;p-MWNTs在200-500℃范围内热失重9.47%,间接地证明了苯胺基团通过化学键连接在p-MWNTs的表面;经化学修饰反应后,有较多的缺陷和不导电的有机官能团分布在p-MWNTs表面,但p-MWNTs仍具有71.69 S/cm的室温电导率。     

几种高性能纤维的表面性能及其对界面粘接的影响

分别使用扫描电镜和X射线光电子能谱仪，对T-800炭纤雏、F-12有机纤维及新型超高强度PBO纤雏(聚对苯撑苯并双嗯唑)进行了物理与化学表征和分析，用SEM观察得出这三种纤雏表面物理形态差别清晰可见，T-800纤雏表面沟槽深且直径小，PBO纤雏表面极光滑且直径中等，F-12纤维直径最大且表面有微小沟槽。XPS定量分析表明，这三种纤维表面活性也不一样，T-800纤维表面活性较多，PBO纤维表面活性最差。纤维表面状态的差异体现在它们与树脂复合后的材料界面粘接性能上，T-800纤维的界面剪切强度(IFSS)高，F-12纤雏次之，PBO纤雏最差。     

微波在复合材料领域中的研究与应用

综述了微波对复合材料的作用机理及微波在复合材料制造，修补、连接，分离以及无损检测等领域的研究与应用，展望了微波在航空航天领域中的应用前景。     

马来酸酐接枝壳聚糖的合成与表征

本文采用硝酸铈铵为引发剂,合成了壳聚糖与马来酸酐的接枝共聚物。固定引发剂浓度1.5mmol/L,通过正交实验对合成工艺条件进行了优化,最佳合成工艺条件为反应温度90℃,反应时间3h,壳聚糖与马来酸酐摩尔比为1∶2,pH=6。并对接枝共聚物进行了红外光谱与紫外光谱表征。