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月球表面以银河宇宙射线(GCR)为主引发的次生伽马谱和次生中子谱表征月壤的元素组成以及水冰含量,对于下一阶段的月球探测与资源原位利用是值得研究的重要内容。文章通过蒙特卡罗方法简单模拟与分析银河宇宙射线环境下月球表面簇射的伽马与中子辐射环境,结果表明:月球次生伽马谱具有明显的氢(2.23 MeV)、铝(0.83 MeV)、钙(3.53 MeV)、氧(6.13 MeV)、硅(1.77 MeV)谱线特征,水含量对其影响不大,但在高水含量时氢的谱线更为明显;月球表面次生中子谱形与月壤中水冰含量密切相关,随水冰含量增加热中子通量下降,0.01 eV中子的通量在20%含水量时比不含水时下降了72%。建议在后期月球探测计划中使用小型、低功耗的中子/伽马复合探测器,实现我国首次原位月球伽马/中子辐射环境探测,为未来进一步勘探月球原位水资源、矿产资源积累反演的基线数据。 相似文献
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为了分析清楚机载电子设备部件在海洋气候环境中发生腐蚀现象的原因。对发生腐蚀的壳体、螺钉和连接器进行取样,对样品的正面及切片的横截面利用扫描电子显微镜、X射线能谱仪、X射线光电子能谱仪和红外线光谱分析仪等技术手段进行分析。通过分析表明电子设备不仅遭受盐雾环境腐蚀,而且还有浸渍海水的现象。针对机载电子设备腐蚀分析的结果,结合工程设计经验,从机载电子设备结构设计、防护工艺两方面提出了具体的改进方法来避免或减少腐蚀现象的发生。 相似文献
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风扇转子叶片周向积叠的三维气动优化设计 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
为了研究优化环境对优化结果的影响,利用商业软件NUMECA对某风扇第一级转子叶片进行了气动优化设计,并对比研究了第一级转子单排叶片的优化及其在整级环境中的优化结果。研究发现.单叶排优化后.虽然能提高整级风扇的效率,但是由于匹配的原因,整级风扇在整个流量范围内总压比都比优化前的有所减小;在级环境中优化后,该级风扇的效率和稳定工作范围都扩大了,且保证了级压比不变,其优化效果比单叶排的优化效果好。 相似文献
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《Advances in Space Research (includes Cospar's Information Bulletin, Space Research Today)》2020,65(4):1296-1305
This paper aims to study on the cooling effect with two types of water spray nozzle on the flame deflector during the four-engine launch vehicle take-off. To accurately simulate the two-phase flow of the rocket gas with multispecies and the water spray, the three-dimensional compressible Navier-Stokes equations, discrete ordinates methods and realizable k-Ɛ turbulence model are used to establish the rocket supersonic plumes impact model. The Eulerian dispersed phase (EDP) model was used to simulate the water spray into the exhaust gas. The accuracy and effectiveness of the gas-liquid flow model are verified by a good agreement between simulation results and experimental data. On this basis, a series of numerical simulation studies under different water injection position are performed. The results show that the high temperature regions, along the axis of engines on the deflector plate, have no significant temperature decreasing effect by water spray from the nozzles mounted on the apex of the deflector, and the high temperature converts a large quantity of water into vapor near the plume boundary, which would decrease the flow conductivity. With the cooling spray nozzle fixed directly to the deflector plate, the temperature decrease effect is obvious and the effect of thermal shock on deflector plate induced by exhaust plume is reduced, so that it can prevent the flame deflector from thermal ablation. The study results provide indepth information and engineering guidance for designing the water spray systems and increasing the safety of the launch process. 相似文献
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Yunfei Xiang Jianping Yue Kai Tang Zhen Li 《Advances in Space Research (includes Cospar's Information Bulletin, Space Research Today)》2019,63(1):103-117
The 2016 Mw 6.0 Italy earthquake is successfully recorded by the near-field 10?Hz GPS and 200?Hz Strong Motion (SM) stations, providing valuable data for this study. A comprehensive study of this earthquake is carried out based on GPS data, which contains coseismic deformations analysis, noise analysis, seismic wave picking, and magnitude determination. The noise of most GPS-derived displacement waveforms can be described as a combination of white noise, flicker noise, and random walk noise after the earthquake occurrence, and the spectral indices vary significantly for most stations, implying that the seismic signals have affected the noise characteristic of GPS-derived displacement waveforms. S-transform is employed to assess the GPS capability to detect the seismic arrival time. The SM station AMT and the GPS station AMAT are in good agreement in seismic wave picking, and the difference is only 1.2?s in the north component, suggesting that the outcome of seismic wave picking using GPS data is reliable. Then, a classic empirical formula is employed to determine the moment magnitude. A robust moment magnitude (Mw 5.90) can be estimated by the nine GPS stations with about 23.9?s. If four GPS stations near the epicenter is chosen to determine the magnitude, it only take 13.0?s to retrieve a reliable preliminary (Mw 5.82) magnitude, which is 5.4?s ahead of nine stations. In addition, Cross Wavelet Transform (XWT) is adopted to measuring the correlation and phase relationship between GPS and SM records. The result of XWT analysis indicates 10?Hz GPS is capable of capturing reliable and accurate coseismic dynamic deformations, as evidenced by the XWT-based semblance being close to 1 between GPS and SM records. The above results confirm the capability of 10?Hz GPS to capture coseismic dynamic deformations, detect seismic arrival time, and determine earthquake magnitude. Moreover, rapid magnitude determination based on 10?Hz GPS data can be regarded as an important supplement to Earthquake Early Warning (EEW). 相似文献
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