X-ray pulsar navigation method for spacecraft with pulsar direction error

In order to reduce the impact of the pulsar direction error on the navigation system performance, a novel X-ray pulsar navigation technique is proposed. Through analyzing the system bias caused by the pulsar direction error, it can be seen that the system bias is slowly time-varying. Based on the analysis result, the augmented state unscented Kalman filter (ASUKF), in which the system bias is treated as the augmented state, is designed here to deal with the system bias and estimate spacecraft’s positions and velocities. The simulation results demonstrate the effectiveness and robustness of the proposed navigation method. The ASUKF-based navigation method for spacecraft is more accurate than the method based on unscented Kalman filter (UKF) in the presence of the pulsar direction error.     

Onboard orbit determination using GPS observations based on the unscented Kalman filter

Spaceborne GPS receivers are used for real-time navigation by most low Earth orbit (LEO) satellites. In general, the position and velocity accuracy of GPS navigation solutions without a dynamic filter are 25 m (1σ) and 0.5 m/s (1σ), respectively. However, GPS navigation solutions, which consist of position, velocity, and GPS receiver clock bias, have many abnormal excursions from the normal error range for space operation. These excursions lessen the accuracy of attitude control and onboard time synchronization. In this research, a new onboard orbit determination algorithm designed with the unscented Kalman filter (UKF) was developed to improve the performance. Because the UKF is able to obtain the posterior mean and covariance accurately by using the second-order Taylor series expansion through the sampled sigma points that are propagated by using the true nonlinear system, its performance can be better than that of the extended Kalman filter (EKF), which uses the linearized state transition matrix to predict the covariance. The dynamic models for orbit propagation applied perturbations due to the 40 × 40 geo-potential, the gravity of the Sun and Moon, solar radiation pressure, and atmospheric drag. The 7(8)th-order Runge–Kutta numerical integration was applied for orbit propagation. Two types of observations, navigation solutions and C/A code pseudorange, can be used at the user’s discretion. The performances of the onboard orbit determination were verified using real GPS data of the CHAMP and KOMPSAT-2 satellites. The results of the orbit determination were compared with the precision orbit ephemeris (POE) of the CHAMP and KOMPSAT-2 satellites.     

机载火控雷达在中远距空战中的抗干扰方法

根据机载火控雷达的性能特点,针对中远距空战面临的电子干扰环境,首先分析和探讨了机载火控雷达的抗干扰技术措施,给出了抗噪声干扰、距离欺骗干扰、速度欺骗干扰、角度欺骗干扰和消极干扰的一些具体方法。然后,从战术使用的角度探讨了机载火控雷达的抗干扰方法,提出了机载火控雷达与欺骗干扰协同、编队协同以及电子防护的战术抗干扰措施。     

导航战中的GPS干扰研究

导航战已经成为信息战的重要组成部分,GPS干扰是导航战的主要作战方式。文章从不同角度分析了GPS干扰的可行性及干扰策略,对GPS干扰的不同样式进行分析,研究了压制式干扰和欺骗式干扰的原理,并对干扰效果进行了计算。结合多种电子对抗作战平台,提出了GPS干扰的不同途径,为GPS干扰技术以及对抗装备的发展研究提供借鉴。     

电子战技术的发展现状与趋势

介绍了当今发展较快的几种电子战技术,并对其发展现状和趋势进行了简要分析。     

Bioinspired polarized light compass in moonlit sky for heading determination based on probability density estimation

Bioinspired polarized skylight navigation, which can be used in unfamiliar territories, is an important alternative autonomous navigation technique in the absence of Global Navigation Satellite System(GNSS). However, the polarization pattern in night environment with noise effects and model uncertainties is a less explored area. Although several decades have passed since the first publication about the polarization of the moonlit night sky, the usefulness of nocturnal polarization navigation is ...     

电子对抗技术发展综述

随着雷达低截获技术、通信系统抗干扰技术的发展和战场上智能化电子信息装备部署的应用,战场电磁频谱环境的复杂程度日益增加。如何提高电子战感知环境-适应环境-做出决策-采取行动(OODA)环路速度,实现电磁敏捷,是电子战应对未来复杂战场环境挑战需要解决的关键科学技术问题。通过分析现代雷达技术发展对传统电子战系统的挑战,阐述认知电子战发展的必要性,并从认知概念演变、人工智能技术发展、认知电子战关键技术等方面,对传统电子战向认知电子战发展过程中人工智能技术的应用情况进行分析与总结。     

电子战对导弹防空系统性能影响的评估

在电子战对导弹防空系统性能影响的研究过程中,运用信息作战原理,构造基于概率的导弹防空系统性能评估模型,通过信息与火力分析平台获取电子战影响的仿真数据,对舰载导弹防空系统的信息与火力联合打击能力进行评估,初步的评估结果表明:信息和火力对打击能力的影响分别为61%和39%,信息因素比火力因素更为重要.     

导航卫星中断频次的分析方法

面向导航卫星中断频次的定量分析需求,该文分析导航卫星中断产生的主要原因,给出中断频次分析的流程,并针对分析过程中的三个关键问题,研究提出具体实施方法,包括通过相关性分析快速定位底层中断事件,通过中断树建立指标分析模型,并融合在轨数据、地面试验数据快速预估得到底层功能异常率等。最后通过示例进一步说明中断频次分析过程。该文方法已应用于北斗导航卫星工程。     

基于GNSS的高轨卫星定位技术研究

利用全球卫星导航系统(GNSS)进行导航定位具有全球、全天候、实时和高精度的优点,应用于高地球轨道(HEO)卫星的定位,能够提供精确的轨道和姿态确定,并且可以克服目前主要利用地面测控系统对HEO卫星进行定位的设备复杂、投资高等缺点,使得自主导航成为可能.本文对利用GNSS的高轨卫星定位相关技术进行了研究,分析了单一GNSS系统和多个GNSS组合系统的卫星可见性、动态性和几何精度因子(GDOP).通过仿真分析表明,利用组合GNSS系统并通过提高GNSS接收机灵敏度的方法,可以解决GNSS进行HEO卫星定位的相关问题,并能保证HEO卫星定位精度的要求.