某型无人机的三维重建与气动性能分析

通过对某型无人侦察机的三维重建 ,阐述了无人机外形的三维重建的一般过程与方法 ;指出无人机三维外形重建的重要意义 ,并初步分析了其气动性能和隐身性能。     

翼型尾缘低频大功率合成射流的动态载荷特性研究--B：动态气动载荷特性分析

针对NACA0015翼型,设计了适用于风洞研究的尾缘低频大功率合成射流致动器,对翼型尾缘合成射流作用下的非定常气动特性进行了风洞实验研究。研究表明：尾缘合成射流与横流的相互作用能够有效改变作用在翼型上的气动载荷;单侧喷口喷/吸时,喷冲程气动力系数响应幅值约为吸冲程幅值的3倍;双侧喷口同时工作时,升力和力矩系数的幅值并不是单侧喷口单独工作时喷气幅值的简单叠加,而是处于单侧喷气幅值和喷吸幅值和之间;升力和力矩响应的幅值与喷流动量系数的平方根之间存在近似的线性关系;在动量系数不变时,升力和力矩系数响应的幅值会随减缩频率的增加而减小;给定合成射流器行程,升力和力矩响应幅值与合成射流频率之间近似呈线性关系。     

翼吊短舱形式发动机推/阻划分的风洞试验研究

为了确定在实际飞行条件下,当发动机状态变化时,进排气系统损失对飞机气动特性的影响,针对翼吊短舱形式的发动机开展了缩比模型风洞试验,分别进行了巡航构型与起飞构型,马赫数0.1,0.15,0.2,攻角0°～15°,发动机外涵喷管落压比1.22,1.32,1.44,1.53,1.61等条件下的风洞试验。通过数据分析,明确了该类型发动机推/阻划分的基本方法,分析了发动机状态变化时飞机气动特性的改变及修正方法。风洞试验结果表明:发动机状态变化对飞机升阻特性影响明显,必须建立合理的推/阻划分体系,对实际使用条件下,发动机状态变化引起的进排气损失进行修正,通过本文建立的推/阻划分体系,计算得到的发动机安装净推力与风洞试验结果最大偏差为1.6%。     

新型人工转捩技术及风洞试验验证

给出了一种新型分布型人工转捩粗糙元设计技术,该技术解决了传统人工转捩方法在跨声速风洞试验中存在的效率低、可靠性和重复性差等问题。通过理论研究确定了该转捩技术的形式,包括粗糙元形状、高度和排列方式等技术参数以及针对不同模型的设计方案;同时对翼型模型(NACA0012)和全机模型(GBM-01或AGARD-B标模)在不同马赫数和迎角下分别进行了测压和测力风洞试验,借助升华法,对人工转捩技术的边界层转捩效果进行了验证研究。结果表明:在不同模型上使用不同的设计方案,该转捩技术可以得到可靠的固定转捩效果,并获得具有大气飞行中高雷诺数特点的气动力结果。     

Application of Active Flow Control Technique for Gust Load Alleviation

A new gust load alleviation technique is presented in this paper based on active flow control. Numerical studies are conducted to investigate the beneficial effects on the aerodynamic characteristics of the quasi "Global Hawk" airfoil using arrays of jets during the gust process. Based on unsteady Navier-Stokes equations, the grid-velocity method is introduced to simulate the gust influence, and dynamic response in vertical gust flow perturbation is investigated for the airfoil as well. An unsteady surface transpiration boundary condition is enforced over a user specified portion of the airfoil’s surface to emulate the time dependent velocity boundary conditions. Firstly, after applying this method to simulate typical NACA0006 airfoil gust response to a step change in the angle of attack, it shows that the indicial responses of the airfoil make good agreement with the exact theoretical values and the calculated values in references. Furthermore, gust response characteristic for the quasi "Global Hawk" airfoil is analyzed. Five kinds of flow control techniques are introduced as steady blowing, steady suction, unsteady blowing, unsteady suction and synthetic jets. The physical analysis of the influence on the effects of gust load alleviation is proposed to provide some guidelines for practice. Numerical results have indicated that active flow control technique,as a new technology of gust load alleviation, can affect and suppress the fluid disturbances caused by gust so as to achieve the purpose of gust load alleviation.     

Space Debris Reentry Analysis Methods and Tools

The reentry of uncontrolled spacecraft may be broken into many pieces of debris at an altitude in the range of 75-85 km. The surviving fragments could pose great hazard and risk to ground and people. In recent years, methods and tools for predicting and analyzing debris reentry and ground risk assessment have been studied and developed in National Aeronautics and Space Ad-ministration (NASA), European Space Agency (ESA) and other organizations, including the group of the present authors. This paper reviews the current progress on this topic of debris reentry briefly. We outline the Monte Carlo method for uncertainty analysis, breakup prediction, and parameters affecting survivability of debris. The existing analysis tools can be classified into two categories, i.e. the object-oriented and the spacecraft-oriented methods, the latter being more accurate than the first one. The past object-oriented tools include objects of only simple shapes. For more realistic simulation, here we present an object-oriented tool debris reentry and ablation prediction system (DRAPS) developed by the present authors, which introduces new object shapes to 15 types, as well as 51 predefined motions and relevant aerodynamic and aerothermal models. The aerodynamic and aerothermal models in DRAPS are validated using direct simulation Monte Carlo (DSMC) method.     

高速下模型头部扰动与非对称涡流动响应研究

采用尖拱细长旋成体模型,在M=0．4～1．2范围内,通过表面压力测量和PIV流态观测手段,对高速情况下模型头尖部微扰动与大迎角非对称涡流动的响应关系进行了研究。研究结果表明：在此高速范围内,尖拱细长旋成体的大迎角流动仍然呈现出非对称多涡结构,头部微扰动对非对称涡有影响,但对模型的非对称气动力影响不明显。     

基于表面技术的气动模型精密加工应用研究

表面技术应用于超高速气动实验模型的加工中,结果表明大大提高了模型的寿命,传统机械加工与表面工程相融合是气动模型加工新的复合工艺。     

电弧加热射流O2激光诱导荧光技术温度测量

采用ArF准分子激光器作为激发光源来激励O2-Schumann-Runge带系(B3Σ-u←X3Σ-g)193.3nm附近的转动吸收谱线,用紫外光电倍增管探测该带系256nm附近的荧光信号,建立了ArF准分子激光器O2激光诱导荧光流场测试系统.在建立O2单带测温模型和软件的基础上,利用Schumann-Runge带系(10,2)带的荧光信号、测量了氧氩混合电弧加热射流的径向温度分布.结果表明我们建立的ArF准分子激光器O2-LIF测试系统是成功的.     

高超声速风洞变雷诺数试验技术研究

为满足高超声速飞行器气动力雷诺数效应研究需求,在CARDC的Φ1米高超声速风洞中开展了变雷诺数试验技术研究.该项试验技术是利用Φ1米高超声速风洞采用高压下吹-真空抽吸驱动运行方式、风洞运行参数范围宽的特点,通过宽范围内调节风洞运行总压而大幅改变模拟雷诺数.研究采用了单点变雷诺数试验技术和连续变雷诺数试验技术两种手段来开展高超声速飞行器气动力雷诺数效应模拟.单点变雷诺数试验是通过一系列不同雷诺数条件、不同试验车次的试验结果,获得气动特性随雷诺数的变化规律;连续变雷诺数试验时,控制风洞总压从高到低连续变化,测量获取模型处于某一姿态角条件时气动力随雷诺数的变化规律.本文介绍了变雷诺数试验的风洞开车方式、试验及数据处理方法等,并开展了某升力体飞行器和某弹头模型雷诺数效应试验研究.研究结果表明:采用单点和连续变雷诺数试验技术相结合的方式,能较为完整、准确地获得飞行器模型气动力随雷诺数的变化规律.