吸气式空天飞行器闭环上升制导研究

闭环上升制导是吸气式空天飞行器达到快速优化、实时规划以及自主制导的必然要求。采用GHAME吸气式空天飞行器作为研究对象,提出了闭环上升制导最优控制方案,重点论证了该方案不存在关于节流阀值的奇异问题,并阐述了最优推力控制的Bang-Bang控制。引入有限差分法求解两点边值问题,并通过终端时刻调节算法求解终端时刻自由问题。仿真结果表明,所提出的闭环制导算法是有效、可行的,具有显著的优越性。     

Correction method of airfoil thickness effect in hinge moment calculation of a folding wing

The influences of airfoil thickness on the aerodynamic loading distribution and the hinge moments of folding wing aircraft are presented in this work. The traditional panel method shows deficiencies in the calculation of folding wing’s hinge moments. Thus, a thickness correction strategy for the aerodynamic model with CFD results is proposed, and an aeroelastic flight simulation platform is constructed based on the secondary development of ADAMS. Based on the platform, the developed aerodynamic model is verified, then the flight-folding process of the folding wing aircraft is simulated, and the influences of airfoil thickness on the results are investigated. Results show that the developed aerodynamic model can effectively describe the thickness effect of the folding wing. Airfoil thickness, which cannot be considered by the panel method, has a great influence on the hinge moments during the folding process, and the thickness correction has great significance in the calculation of folding wing’s hinge moments.     

Optimization and design of an aircraft's morphing wing-tip demonstrator for drag reduction at low speeds,Part Ⅱ-Experimental validation using Infra-Red transition measurement from Wind Tunnel tests

In the present paper, an ‘in-house' genetic algorithm was numerically and experimentally validated. The genetic algorithm was applied to an optimization problem for improving the aerodynamic performances of an aircraft wing tip through upper surface morphing. The optimization was performed for 16 flight cases expressed in terms of various combinations of speeds, angles of attack and aileron deflections. The displacements resulted from the optimization were used during the wind tunnel tests of the wing tip demonstrator for the actuators control to change the upper surface shape of the wing. The results of the optimization of the flow behavior for the airfoil morphing upper-surface problem were validated with wind tunnel experimental transition results obtained with infra-red Thermography on the wing-tip demonstrator. The validation proved that the 2D numerical optimization using the ‘in-house' genetic algorithm was an appropriate tool in improving various aspects of a wing's aerodynamic performances.     

联结翼飞机主要布局参数对全机升阻特性影响研究

联结翼飞机具有重量轻、刚度大、诱导阻力低等优势。采用涡格法,研究联结翼主要布局参数(前翼后掠角、前后翼展向连接点位置、前后翼垂直方向高度差)的变化对升力系数、阻力系数和最大升阻比的影响。所得计算结果对联结翼飞机气动布局参数的确定具有参考价值。     

叠层球面橡胶-金属弹性轴承等刚度设计研究

从理论上推导了叠层球面橡胶-金属弹性轴承各胶层的压缩刚度和扭转刚度计算公式,探讨了胶层压缩刚度、扭转刚度的等刚度设计方法,并将等压缩刚度和等扭转刚度设计方案的理论计算结果、有限元仿真结果分别与未进行等刚度设计方案的结果分别进行了计算和对比,结果表明,等刚度设计可以很大程度上消除不同胶层之间的刚度差异,各胶层压缩刚度和扭转刚度的理论计算结果与仿真结果基本吻合。     

对失控航天器在轨服务的自适应滑模控制器设计

为实现对自由翻滚的失控目标航天器进行在轨服务,基于二阶滑模控制算法设计了相对位置与姿态耦合的自适应控制器。考虑相对转动对相对平动的耦合作用,建立了两航天器对接端口间相对位置与姿态耦合的动力学模型,并在此基础上设计了自适应Super twisting控制器,以减弱已知界限的有界干扰所产生的震颤效应,使闭环系统在有限时间内收敛到平衡点。利用李雅普诺夫方法证明了有界干扰下的闭环系统稳定性,并对收敛时间的上界进行了估计。仿真结果表明,与Super twisting算法相比,所设计的自适应二阶滑模控制器对参数不确定性及线性增长有界干扰具有较强的鲁棒性,且控制精度满足在轨服务的任务需求。     

可应用于民机空气动力设计中的数值优化方法简

 目前民机成功设计的一个关键要素即在设计中有效地引入计算流体力学（CFD）的模拟方法和软件,特别是具有设计能力的方法和工具。本文概要地叙述了反设计、基于CFD低可信度和高可信度模型等数值优化方法的发展和应用于民机设计的历史和现状;简单地介绍了即将举行的空气动力优化设计计算系列研讨会;重点讨论了对可应用于民机设计的基于Navier-Stokes方程解算器的OPTIMAS的数值优化方法的要求及其构造方法,并以翼身组合体整流外形和翼身融合体（BWB）外形的算例表明其有效性,说明OPTIMAS可以成为民机日常设计的方法和工具之一。     

某型燃气轮机封严盘疲劳裂纹机理分析

为了系统研究某型燃气轮机封严盘疲劳故障的现象、机理、特点和原因,进行了封严盘故障损伤痕迹、断口形貌、材料成分、金相组织等分析;同时进行了强度(应力)和模态振动特性方面的有限元计算研究,在此基础上进行了共振特性分析。分析结果表明:该封严盘结构设计存在薄弱环节,其均压孔孔边径向应力水平高,孔边表面状态不佳,在一定振动应力作用下,均压孔边容易产生高周性质的疲劳裂纹。对防止某型燃气轮机封严盘产生疲劳裂纹失效提出修理和使用中应控制的要点。     

表面凹凸充气机翼的气动特性研究

充气机翼在变体飞机和飞艇中具有潜在的应用前景。充气机翼的结构特征与传统硬质机翼显著不同,其外形与传统机翼相比最大的差异在于表面的片条状鼓包,这种外形带来的气动特性、气弹行为等越来越受到人们的关注。以NACA0015翼型为原形,设计制作充气机翼模型,并利用CFX对传统光滑的NACA0015翼型和凹凸表面的0015F2翼型进行定常和非定常气动行为分析。结果表明:充气机翼的凹凸表面外形增加翼型的失速攻角,但其升力线斜率及升阻比都较光滑翼型要小;0015F2翼型的速度梯度过度区大于NACA0015翼型;0015F2翼型在每一个凹槽区生成驻涡,驻涡的存在使得充气机翼的附面层呈现紊流附面层的特性,驻涡的外移改变了机翼后缘的尾涡形成,推迟了分离,使得失速攻角增大。     

基于CFD/CSD的大展弦比机翼气动弹性研究

考虑气动力非定常效应和惯性载荷作用对机翼气动弹性行为的影响,采用基于Euler方程和有限元的CFD/CSD耦合方法分析了大展弦比机翼的气动弹性时域响应,实现静、动气动弹性一体化计算.计算结果显示在相同马赫数下,机翼静变形随着飞行动压增大而增大;但是随着飞行高度的增加,机翼在进入稳态之前振荡越剧烈,响应超调越大,升力损失...