无人直升机自主飞行控制技术

分析了国内外无人直升机自主飞行控制技术的现状及差距,提出了应重点解决的关键技术,为我国无人直升机自主飞行控制技术发展提供参考.     

舰载无人直升机系统设计中几个问题的思考

针对舰载无人直升机的关键技术问题,以无人直升机着舰分析作为切入点,探讨了系统设计中发动机选择、机型设计、舰机协同控制、流场与海浪特性建模等的技术现状和实现方法,能给该领域研究、使用和管理者提供有益参考。     

Cooperative task assignment of multiple heterogeneous unmanned aerial vehicles using a modified genetic algorithm with multi-type genes

The task assignment problem of multiple heterogeneous unmanned aerial vehicles （UAVs）, concerned with cooperative decision making and control, is studied in this paper. The heterogeneous vehicles have different operational capabilities and kinematic constraints, and carry limited resources （e.g., weapons） onboard. They are designated to perform multiple consecutive tasks cooperatively on multiple ground targets. The problem becomes much more complicated because of these terms of heterogeneity. In order to tackle the challenge, we modify the former genetic algorithm with multi-type genes to stochastically search a best solution. Genes of chromo- somes are different, and they are assorted into several types according to the tasks that must be performed on targets. Different types of genes are processed specifically in the improved genetic operators including initialization, crossover, and mutation. We also present a mirror representation of vehicles to deal with the limited resource constraint. Feasible chromosomes that vehicles could perform tasks using their limited resources under the assignment are created and evolved by genetic operators. The effect of the proposed algorithm is demonstrated in numerical simulations. The results show that it effectively provides good feasible solutions and finds an optimal one.     

Reentry trajectory optimization for hypersonic vehicle satisfying complex constraints

The reentry trajectory optimization for hypersonic vehicle（HV）is a current problem of great interest.Some complex constraints,such as waypoints for reconnaissance and no-fly zones for threat avoidance,are inevitably involved in a global strike mission.Of the many direct methods,Gauss pseudospectral method（GPM）has been demonstrated as an effective tool to solve the trajectory optimization problem with typical constraints.However,a series of diffculties arises for complex constraints,such as the uncertainty of passage time for waypoints and the inaccuracy of approximate trajectory near no-fly zones.The research herein proposes a multi-phase technique based on the GPM to generate an optimal reentry trajectory for HV satisfying waypoint and nofly zone constraints.Three kinds of specifc breaks are introduced to divide the full trajectory into multiple phases.The continuity conditions are presented to ensure a smooth connection between each pair of phases.Numerical examples for reentry trajectory optimization in free-space flight and with complex constraints are used to demonstrate the proposed technique.Simulation results show the feasible application of multi-phase technique in reentry trajectory optimization with waypoint and no-fly zone constraints.     

无人机绳钩回收系统参数设计

以某型无人机回收方案设计研究为背景,分析影响无人机绳钩回收系统回收性能的参数,对无人机绳钩回收系统建立多目标优化模型。运用多目标遗传算法进行优化设计获得优化结果。多目标优化用于无人机绳钩回收系统参数优化,可以更加合理地评价回收系统参数最佳组合,提高设计效率。结果表明,通过改善绳钩回收系统参数,回收性能得到优化,无人机拦停时间减少,在实际回收中有一定参考价值。     

无人机近距编队飞行建模与仿真

无人机编队飞行有着单架无人机无法比拟的优点,但属于较新的研究领域。从无人机未来发展需求出发,根据近距编队的特点,提出了一种近距编队控制方法,并以双机近距编队为基础对控制律设计和算法实现进行了研究。通过建立僚机旋转参考系下的双机编队相对运动模型,同时考虑长机翼尖涡对僚机产生的气动耦合效应,基于PI控制设计了一种无人机近距编队飞行控制器,通过仿真验证和比较分析,证明僚机可以很好地跟随长机的机动保持编队构型,验证了提出的编队飞行控制方法的可行性和有效性。     

一种改进的无人直升机离合器接合控制方法

针对原控制方法的不足,探讨一种提高离合器接合品质的方式.基于某型无人直升机离合器的动力学特性研究,通过分析离合器接合过程对传动系统冲击及传动带寿命的影响,确定了离合器的控制要求.选取离合器主动轮与从动轮的转速作为基本输入参数,确定理想的转速曲线.接合过程的3个阶段依次采用开环控制、闭环控制、开环控制,其中闭环控制采用PID(比例-积分-微分)控制与模糊控制相结合的控制方法,以实现离合器的平稳、快速接合.分别进行原控制方法和改进控制方法的无人直升机离合器接合试验.结果显示:相比于原控制方法,改进控制方法的接合时间缩短了约1/3,最大冲击度减少了2/3以上,滑摩功减少了1/2以上.试验结果表明:采用改进的控制方法可改善离合器的接合品质.      

基于A~*定长搜索算法的多无人机协同航迹规划

基于多无人机同时作业情况下的航迹规划问题,提出了一种A*定长航迹搜索算法.该算法通过选择代价值最接近给定值的节点作为最佳节点,得到定长规划航迹,接着进一步通过限定最佳节点的选择范围,改善了航迹的可飞性.仿真结果表明,利用该算法规划的定长航迹长度误差可以控制在1.4％以内,协同航迹长度误差可以控制在0.8％以内,能够满足多无人机同时到达的一般要求.     

复杂产品系统的风险管理实现研究

提出了一套跨研制单位持续项目风险管理机制.在其风险因素识别阶段.提出了以核对表和鱼刺图为基础的基于特征一因子法的风险因素识别法;在风险量化阶段,提出了先基于模糊综合评判进行单个风险量化、后基于改进PERT方法进行风险整体量化的实现方法:在风险应对阶段,提出了基于人工神经网络和框架知识表示及推理相结合的风险应对方法,建立了混合型专家系统.以实现风险应对智能化.最后,以具体实例说明了该项技术的可行性.     

服务化多工艺设计研究

提出了服务化的多工艺设计方法。建立了基于过程规范语言的完整多工艺信息模型,提供统一的工艺数据访问服务和工艺业务服务调用。最后,给出了服务化多工艺设计平台体系结构,采用开源的面向服务架构技术进行了系统实现。