Mission-driven autonomous perception and fusion based on UAV swarm

Distributed autonomous situational awareness is one of the most important foundation for Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) swarm to implement various missions. Considering the application environment being usually characterized by strong confrontation, high dynamics, and deep uncertainty, the distributed situational awareness system based on UAV swarm needs to be driven by the mission requirements, while each node in the network can autonomously avoid collisions and perform detection mission through limited resource sharing as well as complementarity of respective advantages. By efficiently solving the problems of self-avoidance, autonomous flocking and splitting, joint estimation and control, etc., perception data from multi-platform multi-source should be extracted and fused reasonably, to generate refined, tailored target information and provide reliable support for decision-making.     

The effect of solar and geomagnetic parameters on total electron content over Ankara,Turkey

In this study, the relationship between total electron content (TEC) and solar and geomagnetic parameters for Ankara station (39.7 N, 32.76 E), Turkey located in the mid-latitude ionosphere is investigated. In this context, F10.7 solar flux and Interplanetary Magnetic Fields (IMF) from solar parameters and Kp and Dst indices from geomagnetic parameters affecting on TEC are considered. The relationship between the variables is investigated by means of the statistical multiple regression model at the universal time (UT) (Local Time = UT + 2 h) 1200 and 2400 in the years when the 24th solar cycle was minimum (2007–2009) and maximum (2015). As a result, it is found that explainable rates by solar and geomagnetic parameters of TEC changes in 2007–2009 are lower than in 2015 at daytime, while the explainable rates in the solar minimum years are higher than those the maximum year at nighttime. To be higher than the solar maximum of explainable rate in the solar minimum years at nighttime may be related to the fact that the dynamics of the ionosphere is significantly different than expected in this deep minimum period. As expected in 2015, the relationship between TEC and independent parameters is greater at daytime than at nighttime.     

无人机系统适航标准剪裁案例分析

无人机系统的使用日益广泛,因此将无人机系统并入到现有的空域管理系统中显得尤为迫切。在技术层面,无人机系统有一系列独特的适航特点。因此,应重点发展针对无人机系统的适航标准与验证。研究了有人驾驶飞行器的适航标准(CS-23),及其通过剪裁后成为专门适用于无人机系统的适航标准(STANAG4671),这将促进无人机系统的技术更加标准化,并有利于国内无人机系统民用适航标准的发展。     

基于LADRC的无人直升机轨迹跟踪

无人直升机轨迹控制系统是对多输入/多输出强耦合非线性系统进行解耦控制的系统。为解决无人直升机轨迹控制效果依赖于直升机物理参数的测量和辨识精度以及外部扰动大小问题,提出了一种基于线性自抗扰控制(LADRC)的多回路无人直升机轨迹控制系统。首先建立无人直升机X-Cell的飞行动力学模型,并引入风切变、大气紊流和突风模型以更加准确模拟真实飞行环境;然后对X-Cell进行配平计算以验证动力学模型和配平算法的准确性,并选取一组配平值作为轨迹控制仿真的初始状态和操纵量;随后根据被控量的动力学方程阶次选取对应的一阶和二阶LADRC基本控制器,并结合时间尺度原理,自内向外依次构建无人直升机的姿态、速度和位置控制回路,将三回路串联从而建立了无人直升机轨迹控制系统;而后进行了稳定性分析,特征根计算结果表明轨迹控制系统镇定了X-Cell开环系统不稳定的动态特性;最后将该控制系统应用于各种扰动下直升机轨迹跟踪仿真,结果表明本文无人直升机轨迹控制系统能很好地实现带爬升率的"8"字形轨迹跟踪,且相比于基于比例积分和微分(PID)控制的轨迹控制系统,该控制系统具有更优的鲁棒性和抗扰性。     

小型无人涵道飞行器飞行动力学特性

为了研究无人涵道飞行器的配平特性与稳定性,首先进行了全尺寸涵道螺旋桨风洞吹风试验,分析了涵道螺旋桨的气动特性并建立了涵道螺旋桨的气动模型,在此基础上建立了无人涵道飞行器的飞行动力学数学模型,对无人涵道飞行器进行了配平特性与稳定性分析.结果表明:前飞速度与迎角对涵道螺旋桨气动特性影响很大,导致无人涵道飞行器在不同前飞速度下稳定性与操纵性变化较大.在悬停及小前飞速度下,无人涵道飞行器是一种类似倒立摆的不稳定体,而且气动阻尼较小,无人涵道飞行器的速度与姿态角发散很快,倍幅时间约为0.5s;在大前飞速度下,无人涵道飞行器的气动阻尼增加,飞行稳定性改善,但出现了纵向反操纵现象,增加了无人涵道飞行器的飞行控制难度.     

美国海军直升机装备转型的几个特点

基于美海军战略调整对舰载直升机装备的影响,分析了美海军舰载直升机装备转型的主要特点,对多用途舰载直升机、重型直升机、舰载无人直升机等装备的技术特征进行了剖析。从建设海洋强国战略的角度,提出了我国舰载直升机装备发展的对策建议。     

微小型无人直升机姿态信号的互补滤波融合算法

基于惯性测量技术获取飞行器姿态信号的方法已被广泛应用,然而对于微小型或低成本无人飞行器而言,通过MEMS传感器获取满足精度要求且稳定可靠的姿态信号仍然是具有一定难度的工程问题。文章针对民用微小型无人直升机的低成本要求和使用环境,利用三轴角速率陀螺仪和加速度计在姿态估计中频率互补的特性,采用互补滤波算法,改进了滤波参数的自适应调整方法,实现了俯仰角和滚转角信号的有效融合,得到的姿态信息可用于微小型无人直升机的内环增稳控制。仿真和试验数据表明,该方法测量精度较高,工程实现简单,算法稳定,能有效解决微小型无人直升机姿态信号的工程求解和使用问题。     

发动机谐振与箭体模态耦合稳定性及机理研究

针对发动机谐振可能与箭体弹性振动之间发生耦合共振,从而引起姿态控制系统不稳定的问题,首先将发动机谐振特性简化为一个二阶环节,建立了包含发动机谐振方程的火箭姿态动力学模型;然后分析了发动机谐振对箭体模态极点频率和阻尼比的影响,并从理论上分析了出现负阻尼比时发动机和箭体模态间的耦合共振机理,在此基础上计算了导致姿态控制系统...     

Numerical Simulation of 2D Supersonic Magnetohydrodynamic Channel and Study on Hall Effect

In this research effort,numerical simulation of two-dimensional magnetohydrodynamic(MHD) channel is performed and Hall effect is studied.The computational model consists of the Navier-Stokes(N-S) equations coupled with electrical-magnetic source terms,Maxwell equations and the generalized Ohm’s law.Boundary conditions for the electrical potential equation considering Hall effect are derived.To start with,the MHD channel with single-pair electrodes is studied and flow of the electric current is in accordance with physical principle.Then the MHD channel with five-pair electrodes is numerically simulated.The results show that the electrical current concentrates on the downstream of the anode and the upstream of the cathode due to Hall effect,and the flow field becomes asymmetrical.At the current value of the magnetic interaction parameter,the electrical-magnetic force affects the flow remarkably,decreasing the outlet Mach number and increasing the outlet pressure;what’s more,the flow structure in the channel becomes extremely complex.Performances of MHD channels with continual electrodes and segmented electrodes are compared.The results show that performance of the MHD channel with segmented electrodes is better than that with continual electrodes with the increase of Hall parameter.     

Hyper Heuristic Approach for Design and Optimization of Satellite Launch Vehicle

Satellite launch vehicle lies at the cross-road of multiple challenging technologies and its design and optimization present a typical example of multidisciplinary design and optimization(MDO) process.The complexity of problem demands highly effi-cient and effective algorithm that can optimize the design.Hyper heuristic approach(HHA) based on meta-heuristics is applied to the optimization of air launched satellite launch vehicle(ASLV).A non-learning random function(NLRF) is proposed to con-trol low-level meta-heuristics(LLMHs) that increases certainty of global solution,an essential ingredient required in product conceptual design phase of aerospace systems.Comprehensive empirical study is performed to evaluate the performance advan-tages of proposed approach over popular non-gradient based optimization methods.Design of ASLV encompasses aerodynamics,propulsion,structure,stages layout,mass distribution,and trajectory modules connected by multidisciplinary feasible design approach.This approach formulates explicit system-level goals and then forwards the design optimization process entirely over to optimizer.This distinctive approach for launch vehicle system design relieves engineers from tedious,iterative task and en-ables them to improve their component level models.Mass is an impetus on vehicle performance and cost,and so it is considered as the core of vehicle design process.Therefore,gross launch mass is to be minimized in HHA.