空间发动机真空起动点火时差及其实现方法

液体火箭发动机在真空中起动时，燃烧室内易产生三相共存的状态，其中凝聚相能引起不正常的起动压力峰而损坏发动机。本文研究了甲基肼和四氧化二氮组合为推进剂时真空起动的点火时差，以便尽量减少着火前上述状态的存在程度。给出了利用控制阀通电时差、充填时差和控制阀响应时差这三种起动方式来实现该点火时差的方法。前两种方法已在某远地点发动机上使用并获得成功。     

Ni-Co-P 化学镀工艺优化及性能研究

以A3钢为基底进行化学复合镀Ni-Co-P,采用正交试验法得到了一种Ni-Co-P的最佳配方及工艺条件,并对镀层的形貌、硬度、厚度、结合力、耐蚀性等进行了检测和分析。实验得出了最佳配方及工艺条件:硫酸镍35.0 g/L,硫酸钴4.0 g/L,次亚磷酸钠30.0 g/L,柠檬酸三钠60.0 g/L,硼酸35.0 g/L,乳酸12.0m L/L,十二烷基苯磺酸钠0.05 g/L,硫脲2 mg/L,p H值为7.0,温度90℃,施镀时间2 h。在该条件下,镀层沉积速率较快,可达89.83 g/(m2·h),镀层具有较强的耐蚀性,硫酸铜点滴时间可达285 s;该镀层表面分布均匀,孔隙率分布较小,与基体结合力较好。     

刚度不平衡胶合接头的分析

对具有不同弹性模量、不同厚度的两种材料之间的胶合接头进行了分析。在Ｇ－Ｒ理论的基础上推导了接头胶层应力微分方程及通过实例计算对这种刚度不平衡的接头胶层应力分布进行了分析;讨论了被接件刚度不平衡程度对胶层应力分布的影响。     

多约束RLV快速再入轨迹规划

研究了一种多约束的重复使用运载器(RLV)三自由度快速再人轨迹规划方法.对于高超声速远程的情况,考虑地球旋转对轨迹规划的精度影响较显著,提出了完整的拟平衡条件;将RLV再入过程划分为两段:初始下降段和滑翔段.首先,将再入走廊转化为控制量的上下边界,在搜索满足航程的控制量时引入近似的纬度和航向角;其次,以终点航程横向偏差为依据迭代搜索改变倾侧方向的时刻;最后,提出航程修正的方法,进一步提高终端落点的精度.通过仿真验证了快速轨迹规划的有效性.     

Conceptual design of near-space synthetic aperture radar for high-resolution and wide-swath imaging

Airborne synthetic aperture radar (SAR) has the capability of high-resolution, and spaceborne SAR has the capability of wide-swath. Inspired by recent advances in near-space defined as the region between 20 km and 100 km, this paper conceptually designed near-space vehicle-borne SAR. The near-space vehicle-borne SAR has the synthetical advantages of the satellite and airplane platforms. By placing SAR transmitter or receiver in near-space vehicles, many functions that are currently performed with satellites or airplanes could be performed in low cost way. These advantages make simultaneous high-resolution and wide-swath SAR imaging possible. As such, this paper focuses on the role of near-space vehicle for high-resolution and wide-swath SAR imaging, and deals with conceptual performance, as opposed to technological implementation. The concepts, models and processing algorithms are provided. To further suppress the azimuth ambiguities and extend swath width, multiple beams in azimuth is applied. Furthermore, an example near-space vehicle-borne SAR is designed. It is shown that the use of cost effective near-space vehicles can provide the solutions that were previously thought to be out of reach for remote sensing scientists and customers.     

天地基联合多星定轨及精度分析

数据中继卫星和双星定位系统通常由2或3颗地球同步卫星和数颗近地卫星组成,这些系统所提供的“星-星”测量数据提出了多星同时定轨的需求。文章介绍了已知天基星星历定轨和未知天基星星历定轨的主要差别,建立了距离和观测量的测量模型,描述了多星同时定轨的技术难点,分析了整个系统的定轨精度。     

民用飞机防冰系统试飞问题探索和研究

针对民用飞机防冰系统试飞,梳理了防冰系统试飞的要求和目的,提出了防冰系统测试改装方法、干空气条件及自然结冰条件试飞方法。针对自然结冰条件试飞,给出了结冰气象参数有效性判据,完成了自然结冰试飞风险评估。为防冰系统进行相关的试飞工作提供指导。     

动力效应对民机高速抖振特性影响数值研究

民机的高速抖振通常是由机翼上激波诱导的分离所致,而发动机动力效应可能会对机翼上激波的强度带来明显影响.基于经过TPS标模及DLR-F6标模算例验证的、在多块结构化网格系统上求解雷诺平均N-S方程的数值方法,结合通过定常计算结果判定抖振发生原因及起始升力系数的方法,研究发动机动力效应对某民机巡航构型高速抖振特性的影响.结果表明:动力效应给基于通气短舱设计外形的高速抖振特性带来了不利影响,使其抖振起始升力系数降低约1.3％总升力系数.     

Structural optimization for multiple structure cases and multiple payload cases with a two-level multipoint approximation method

This paper is to address structural optimization problems where multiple structure cases or multiple payload cases can be considered simultaneously. Both types of optimization problems involve multiple finite element models at each iteration step, which draws high demands in opti-mization methods. Considering the common characteristic for these two types of problems, which is that the design domain keeps the same no matter what the structure cases or payload cases are, both problems can be formulated into the unified expressions. A two-level multipoint approxima-tion (TMA) method is firstly improved with the use of analytical sensitivity analysis for structural mass, and then this improved method is utilized to tackle these two types of problems. Based on the commercial finite element software MSC.Patran/Nastran, an optimization system for multiple structure cases and multiple payload cases is developed. Numerical examples are conducted to ver-ify its feasibility and efficiency, and the necessity for the simultaneous optimizations of multiple structure cases and multiple payload cases are illustrated as well.