基于遗传优化算法的微通道紫铜热交换器扩散连接工艺

基于遗传优化算法,进行了T2紫铜同种材料扩散连接工艺研究。采用正交试验方法,结合BP神经网络和多目标遗传算法,以扩散连接时的温度、压力、保温时间为输入变量,以扩散连接后的试样焊合率和变形量为输出变量,对扩散连接工艺参数进行优化,并实施相应的扩散连接验证试验。结果表明:T2紫铜合适的扩散连接工艺参数为:温度780℃、压力7. 5 MPa、保温时间120 min,此条件下焊合率可达95. 26%,变形量为0. 166 mm。采用此工艺参数进行微通道热交换器零件制造,厚度方向变形量0. 162 mm,经超声C扫描后连接情况良好,经耐压防漏检测后满足密封性及设计要求。     

Aerodynamic optimization of rotor airfoil based on multi-layer hierarchical constraint method

Rotor airfoil design is investigated in this paper. There are many difficulties for this high-dimensional multi-objective problem when traditional multi-objective optimization methods are used. Therefore, a multi-layer hierarchical constraint method is proposed by coupling principal component analysis (PCA) dimensionality reduction and e-constraint method to translate the orig-inal high-dimensional problem into a bi-objective problem. This paper selects the main design objectives by conducting PCA to the preliminary solution of original problem with consideration of the priority of design objectives. According to the e-constraint method, the design model is estab-lished by treating the two top-ranking design goals as objective and others as variable constraints. A series of bi-objective Pareto curves will be obtained by changing the variable constraints, and the favorable solution can be obtained by analyzing Pareto curve spectrum. This method is applied to the rotor airfoil design and makes great improvement in aerodynamic performance. It is shown that the method is convenient and efficient, beyond which, it facilitates decision-making of the high-dimensional multi-objective engineering problem.     

共面变相位星座多目标交汇序列优化方法

针对空间多目标交汇时空约束繁杂、轨道能量影响变量多的特点,从空间几何解析法入手,提出基于穿越点的共面变相位交汇方法,在Lambert椭圆轨道机动的基础上,给出了机动装置共面变轨相位快速确定方法,总结了变轨速度需求以及运载段分离条件已知情况下相位角和转移时间的包络区,并基于覆盖效能对目标发射序列进行了优化,仿真验证了相关结论,得到的结果符合预期。     

航空齿轮减速器稳健优化设计研究

航空齿轮减速器通常对重量、强度、效率以及可靠性有极高的要求,考虑到其所处工况的随机性、工艺水平的差异性以及材料强度等力学性能参数的波动性,传统的确定性参数优化设计已不能满足工程实际的需求。在传统的确定性优化设计模型的基础上,基于6σ稳健设计基本理论建立齿轮传动系统的多目标稳健设计优化模型,并采用NSGA-Ⅱ多目标优化算法进行求解;以某航空齿轮减速器中单级斜齿圆柱齿轮系统为研究对象进行实例分析。结果表明:本文提出的基于6σ稳健设计理论的齿轮传动系统优化模型充分考虑了不确定性因素对优化的影响,具有一定的工程应用价值。     

高温吸波涂层的多目标优化模型设计

大多数高温吸波材料都属于非磁损耗型,单层往往很难达到理想的吸波性能.为解决此问题并优化涂层厚度,通过差分进化算法建立了多层高温吸波涂层的多目标优化模型,重点以8.2～12.4 GHz内反射率RL＜-10 dB频率带宽和涂层总厚度d为优化目标.设定三种高温吸波材料,研究表明,单层涂层很难达到理想的吸波性能;在单目标优化中...     

燃油离心泵多目标优化设计及仿真分析

针对燃油离心泵高效、高抗汽蚀优化设计问题,进行了基于损失模型和SQP算法下的多目标优化设计并进行了仿真应用。首先,考虑叶轮、蜗壳等通流部件内的水利损失、容积损失以及机械损失,建立表征离心泵效率的综合损失模型;结合基于必须汽蚀余量计算下的汽蚀表征函数以确定离心泵多目标函数。进而,利用SQP算法构造合理的适应度函数,结合约束条件确定离心泵多目标优化设计的数学模型。其次,对某型燃油离心泵进行基于SQP算法的优化设计并与其他常用优化算法进行对比。可以看到：各优化算法的最优结果几乎相似,但SQP算法对多维非线性方程组优化求解所用的迭代步数相对较少。最后,利用CFD技术进行仿真及外特性预测,以验证基于SQP算法下燃油离心泵多目标优化设计的有效性。结果表明：相比传统方法设计的原型离心泵,基于SQP算法优化的离心泵内流场压力分布相对均匀,流动损失更低,且进口流动有利于抗汽蚀性能;从外特性结果来看,基于SQP算法优化的离心泵高效工作区域相对宽广,必须汽蚀余量相对较低,抗汽蚀性能有所改善。     

气热耦合条件下涡轮静叶三维优化

为解决涡轮静叶尾缘烧蚀问题并提升气动效率,采用气热耦合优化的方法对该叶片进行优化,优化分为对叶型优化以及对弯叶片优化两部分。优化结果显示,对叶型进行优化时由于叶型变化以及冷气流量增加2.68%导致叶片平均温度降低4.15%,最高温度下降61.7K,气动效率提升0.17%;对弯叶片进行优化时,顶部正弯效果明显,冷气流量增加0.11%,叶片平均温度下降2.4%,最高温度下降10.6K,气动效率提升0.16%。通过分析,对于该径高比较小的叶片,无论是叶型变化还是弯叶片变化,低能流体由端区进入主流导致的端区损失降低和激波损失的降低是导致气动效率提升的主要原因;冷气流量加大以及端区二次流减弱是造成叶片温度场降低的主要原因。     

会议筹备的多目标规划

针对会议筹备的三个问题即预订宾馆、会议室安排、租车问题建立优化模型。对于预订宾馆问题、建立目标函数和约束条件、利用Lingo求解,将会议室安排和租车问题的各方面因素综合考虑建立模型并求解。     

通用航空飞行器气动布局设计优化

研究了通用航空飞行器气动布局设计优化问题。应用基于二次曲线的模线设计方法，实现了通用航空飞行器的参数化外形建模。采用修正的牛顿流理论进行高超声速气动特性计算。在保持纵向稳定性的条件下，以升阻比和容积效率最大化为目标，建立通用航空飞行器气动布局多目标优化模型。应用基于小生境竞争排挤机制的多目标遗传算法求得优化模型的非劣解集。将物理规划设计方法与稳定、高效的粒子群优化算法相结合，有效地求解该优化模型的折衷解。优化结果表明本文的通用航空飞行器气动布局设计优化方法是有效的。     

Optimization of entry-vehicle shapes during conceptual design

During the conceptual design of a re-entry vehicle, the vehicle shape and geometry can be varied and its impact on performance can be evaluated. In this study, the shape optimization of two classes of vehicles has been studied: a capsule and a winged vehicle. Their aerodynamic characteristics were analyzed using local-inclination methods, automatically selected per vehicle segment. Entry trajectories down to Mach 3 were calculated assuming trimmed conditions. For the winged vehicle, which has both a body flap and elevons, a guidance algorithm to track a reference heat-rate was used. Multi-objective particle swarm optimization was used to optimize the shape using objectives related to mass, volume and range. The optimizations show a large variation in vehicle performance over the explored parameter space. Areas of very strong non-linearity are observed in the direct neighborhood of the two-dimensional Pareto fronts. This indicates the need for robust exploration of the influence of vehicle shapes on system performance during engineering trade-offs, which are performed during conceptual design. A number of important aspects of the influence of vehicle behavior on the Pareto fronts are observed and discussed. There is a nearly complete convergence to narrow-wing solutions for the winged vehicle. Also, it is found that imposing pitch-stability for the winged vehicle at all angles of attack results in vehicle shapes which require upward control surface deflections during the majority of the entry.