民用飞机发动机监测方法研究

对民用飞机发动机状态监测和故障诊断方法进行了研究,提出了一种能够实时反映零件故障信息的油液在线静电监测方法,设计并搭建了一套静电监测系统及实验平台,开展了循环润滑条件下销盘滑动摩擦磨损实验,使用自制的油液静电传感器对油路中磨粒进行监测。实验结果表明油液静电传感器能够监测到金属材料荷电颗粒,感应电压幅值与磨粒大小具有相关性,感应电压波形与磨粒荷电特性有关,验证了静电传感器在线监测的有效性,为判断故障提供了进一步的依据。     

Effect of biases in integrity monitoring for RTK positioning

In road transport, continuous high-accuracy positioning is required in real time. To ensure the proper functioning and safety of vehicular applications, integrity monitoring (IM) is needed to protect from the positioning errors under a certain alert limit (AL) with a pre-defined probability of misleading information (MI). In this study, a detailed threat model is developed for real-time kinematic (RTK) positioning application of short baselines. The model distinguishes between ambiguity-float and -fixed scenarios, and considers the influences of phase and code multipath as well as between-receiver atmospheric residuals. With the float ambiguities temporally constrained, the bias contribution that propagates with time-updated ambiguities was studied analytically for the horizontal protection level (HPL) in IM. Based on real data from both static and kinematic experiments, HPL was computed along the direction of the semi-major axis of the horizontal error ellipse. In ambiguity-float and -fixed cases, the HPL was mostly several meters and decimetres, respectively. It was found that time-propagated biases play a dominant role in the ambiguity-float HPL, and among them, phase and code multipath had in general the largest contributions. For ambiguity-fixed case, the phase multipath was found to play a dominant role in the HPL. This shows the importance of considering the biases in the RTK IM for both the ambiguity-float and -fixed scenarios. Given a horizontal alert limit (HAL) of 5 m, the availabilities of ambiguity-float solutions were low, i.e., below 50% for the static roof tests and below 5% for the kinematic road tests. For the ambiguity-fixed scenario, with HAL at 0.5 m, integrity availability was nearly 100% for the static roof tests and above 85% for the kinematic road tests.     

卫星信号和数据质量监测算法研究

结合卫星导航系统的实际应用,对卫星播发的导航信号和观测数据的质量监测算法进行了研究,可以满足卫星定轨和用户定位精度的要求。文中首先分析了卫星信号出现异常的原因,并有针对性地给出了用于卫星信号质量监测的宽窄相关伪距比较和码-载偏离度计算方法,然后又对用户伪距和载波相位这两个主要测量值的数据突变问题的实时监测方法展开了分析和探讨,最后进行了仿真研究。结果表明,这些算法是可行、实用并且有效的。     

卫星导航进近技术进展

全球卫星定位系统（GNSS）增强系统能提供全天候无间断的卫星导航信号，可以辅助飞机进行进近。本文介绍了全球卫星导航系统进近着陆系统的基本组成、工作原理和功能特点，并对国内外研究进展进行了阐述。针对GNSS进近研究中的热点问题，重点论述了地基增强系统（GBAS）、星基增强系统（SBAS）、用户自主完好性监测（RAIM）等技术的发展现状，指出了GNSS进近技术实际工程应用仍然存在的问题，探讨了GNSS进近技术未来的发展方向。     

荧光定量PCR技术在环境微生物检测中的应用

阐述了实时荧光定量PCR技术的原理、特点及其在环境微生物检测中的应用与研究进展,分析了该技术在环境微生物检测中存在的问题,并探讨了存在的问题,以及其发展和应用前景。     

Operation and Application of A, B Satellites for Environment and Disaster Monitoring and Forecasting

Environment and disaster monitoring and forecasting small satellite constellation A and B satellites (HJ-1-A, B) are called "environment and disaster reduction satellites A and B' for short. The constellation adopts a 10:30 LT sun-synchronous circular orbit, with orbit altitude of 649 km. HJ-1-A and HJ-1-B are distributed with a phase difference of 180o in the same orbital plane, so as to enhance the time resolution of earth observation. The satellites have orbit maintenance capability, the lifetime is 3 years. Both satellites adopt CAST968 platforms. Two wide-coverage multispectral CCD cameras with resolution 30 m and width 700 km, a super-spectral imager with resolution 100 m and width 50 km as well as a data transmission subsystem of 120 Mbit/s are deployed on HJ-1-A, which also carries Ka communication testing equipment of Thailand. HJ-1-B has two wide-coverage multispectral CCD cameras (the same as satellite A), one infrared camera with resolution 150 m and width 720 km and a data transmission subsystem of 60 Mbit/s. The coverage period of the wide-coverage multispectral CCD camera is 48 hours. The revisit period of super-spectral imager is 96 hours and the coverage period of infrared camera is 96 hours.      

切削温度测量的虚拟仪器

介绍了利用热电偶测量切削平均温度并进行分析处理的虚拟仪器。该仪器具有显示温度波形曲线、热电偶标定、确定切削温度指数公式、判定切削状态的能力。     

The Main Results and the Perspectives in the Researches at SSRT

In this report briefly presented the contemporary state of the experimental base of Radio Astrophysical Observatory (RAO) of the Institute of Solar-Terrestrial Physics (ISTP), the methodology of radioheliographic monitoring of the solar corona, the SSRT database, the RAO Web-pages, factors limiting the effective use of SSRT. Here are formulated the original results of the basic directions of the solar activity researches and the problems solutions on SSRT: (1) active regions at various development stages, morphology, modeling,signs of energy accumulation and flares buildup, forecast of powerful flares; (2) scenario, topology and the fine temporal picture of flares development, signs of primary energy release, radio emission mechanisms, scatter effects of radio emission in turbulent corona, energetic particles fluxes; (3) filaments; (4) CME with the localization of their initiation at the solar disk background, development scenario of filament activation + CME +flare; (5) coronal holes, and (6) bright coronal points.      

监视参数预测和故障识别法

将时间序列分析方法应用于航空发动机状态监视与故障诊断中, 采用自回归模型, 对监视参数进行趋势预测。进一步将时序分析与模式识别技术相结合, 通过构造判别函数和用参数相关分析法, 识别发动机典型故障。