紫外辐照影响硅橡胶出气污染模型及效应研究

基于有机材料出气污染过程分析,并结合辐射化学有关理论,建立材料在紫外辐照后的分子污染模型;在ASTM E1559标准测试方法的基础上,以硅橡胶材料为污染源开展试验,测试其经过不同紫外辐照时间后的出气污染沉积量,并对辐照后材料表面的微观特性进行测试分析。根据沉积量测试结果对模型待定参数进行拟合,并结合微观测试结果,分析得到紫外辐照导致硅橡胶分子链中Si-O键以及Si-C键断裂,且部分小分子物质提前挥发,从而使得出气成分中小分子污染物含量下降,大分子污染物含量上升,并最终导致总污染量在前期有所下降,在后期显著增加。     

金属橡胶挤压油膜阻尼器阻尼性能分析

为了降低发动机转子高速旋转产生的振动，提高发动机的使用寿命，设计了一种端部安装金属橡胶环的新型挤压油膜阻尼器，并在π油膜假设条件下，利用斯托克斯方程和雷诺方程，给出了新型金属橡胶挤压油膜阻尼器的流量表达式以及非线性油膜力的近似表达式。通过传统短挤压油膜阻尼器和新型金属橡胶挤压油膜阻尼器的流量特性和油膜力特性的对比分析，表明新型金属橡胶挤压油膜阻尼器具有更好的阻尼性能和良好的节流特性。并通过试验证明了新型金属橡胶挤压油膜阻尼器具有更好的阻尼减振效果。     

分子凝结与凝结表面温度的关系机理研究

基于相关理论研究，并借助新近研究的“分子污染低温凝结效应设备”，就我国飞行器型号设计密切相关的分子凝结与凝结表面温度的关系机制进行了四个多月的试验研究，取得了相关的二千余个数据。在此基础上，结合相关的理论对数据进行了拟合和分析，得到了分子凝结与凝结表面温度广泛遵循的一般关系——指数关系。对型号设计具有重要的参考价值。     

1,3,5-三硝基苯类化合物的撞击感度与分子拓扑指数

选取两种分子拓扑指数－分子联接度指数与键参数边通性指数,分别研究了含能化合物１,３,５－三硝基苯类化合物的分子结构与撞击感度间的关系。用分子拓扑学方法,计算了该类化合物的分子拓扑指数,结果表明,分子拓扑性质与撞击感度之间呈明显的相关性,并与景子化学计算方法的结果相一致,反映了引发基团与其它强授电子基团是影响撞击感度的重要因素。     

GAP接枝海因与推进剂组分相互作用的分子模拟

为了研究GAP推进剂新型键合剂与固体填料相互作用的程度和实质,针对聚叠氮缩水甘油醚(GAP)和GAP与3-炔丙基-5,5-二甲基海因(PDMH)的反应产物(GAP_PDMH)分别与RDX,HMX,AP构成的模型体系,利用分子模拟软件Materials Studio,通过分子动力学模拟,计算了上述各个体系的相互作用能和径向分布函数。计算结果表明,上述体系中的相互作用属于范德华力和静电力等非价键作用,GAP_PDMH与RDX,HMX,AP之间的相互作用强于GAP与它们之间的相互作用,其主要原因是GAP_PDMH上新增的三唑基团、海因基团与RDX,HMX,AP上的原子之间存在较强的相互作用力。径向分布函数的结果证实了某些原子之间存在着较强的氢键作用,而另一些原子之间有较强的范德华作用。GAP_PDMH应用于GAP推进剂,实验结果显示抗拉强度和延伸率大幅度提高,证明上述分子模拟的结果正确,可以为GAP推进剂新型键合剂的研究提供参考。     

纳米多层膜及其在材料连接应用中的研究进展

纳米多层膜由于尺寸效应,存在熔点降低现象,应用于温度敏感材料的连接具有明显优势。同时由于多层膜层剧烈而快速的自蔓延放热反应,应用于连接时可以提供巨大热量。一方面可作为中间层辅助钎焊或扩散焊接;另一方面可作为独立热源为连接提供热量。纳米多层膜反应过程的实时观察受到单镜头拍摄速度和测量精度等条件的限制,而分子动力学模拟的应用为纳米多层膜反应机理研究拓展了新的思路。     

地磁场的长期变化对辐射带质子通量计算的影响

用不同年代的国际地磁参考场(IGR)模式及最新的辐射带粒子通量模式,计算了低高度上空间某点的辐射带质子通量随时间的变化,讨论了地磁场的长期变化对L-B坐标及辐射带带电粒子通量计算的影响,对正确使用地磁场模式计算磁壳参量L及辐射带粒子通量模式给予了说明和建议.      

利用色质谱方法检测卫星真空热试验污染物成分

在真空热试验过程中进行了污染物的采集及成分分析试验。利用污染采集板收集污染物,丙酮溶液洗脱污染物,气相色谱-质谱联用方法对污染物进行成分分析。确定了整星热试验和太阳电池翼热试验中的主要污染物成分为硅氧烷和邻苯二甲酸酯,热试验中污染物甲基苯基硅氧烷可能来源于粘结剂。     

Flux emergence,flux imbalance,magnetic free energy and solar flares

Emergence of complex magnetic flux in the solar active regions lead to several observational effects such as a change in sunspot area and flux embalance in photospheric magnetograms. The flux emergence also results in twisted magnetic field lines that add to free energy content. The magnetic field configuration of these active regions relax to near potential-field configuration after energy release through solar flares and coronal mass ejections. In this paper, we study the relation of flare productivity of active regions with their evolution of magnetic flux emergence, flux imbalance and free energy content. We use the sunspot area and number for flux emergence study as they contain most of the concentrated magnetic flux in the active region. The magnetic flux imbalance and the free energy are estimated using the HMI/SDO magnetograms and Virial theorem method. We find that the active regions that undergo large changes in sunspot area are most flare productive. The active regions become flary when the free energy content exceeds 50% of the total energy. Although, the flary active regions show magnetic flux imbalance, it is hard to predict flare activity based on this parameter alone.     

Intracellular molecular distributions in spacecraft experiments in orbit around Earth

It is possible that the nucleolous inside the cell plays the role of a “gravity receptor”. Furthermore, cells up to 10 μm in diameter can demonstrate some effect due to the redistribution of mitochondria or nucleolous. Effects of gravity should be present in various cell systems where larger objects such as the ribosomes move from cell to cell. In this paper we study the effects of gravity on cells. In particular, we examine the resulting intracellular molecular distribution due to Brownian motion and the ordered distribution of molecules under the action of gravity, where n₀ is the number per unit volume at certain level, and n is the number per unit volume above that level. This is an experiment that takes place at a certain orbital altitude in a spacecraft in orbit around Earth, where the acceleration due to the central field is corrected for the oblateness and also the rotation of the Earth. We found that equatorial circular and elliptical orbits have the highest n/n₀ ratios. This experiment takes place in circular and elliptical orbits, with eccentricities e = 0, 0.1 and involves a bacterial cell at an orbital altitude of 300 km. We found that n/n₀ = 1.00299 and 1.0037 respectively, which is still a 0.6–0.7 % higher than n/n₀ = 0.0996685 calculated on the surface of the Earth. Examining mitochondria in similar orbital experiments we found that equatorial orbits result to higher n/n₀ ratios. In particular, we found that n/n₀ = 8.38119, where an elliptical orbit of eccentricity e = 0.1 results to n/n₀ = 13.8525. Both are high above 100%, signifying the importance of Brownian motion over gravity. Our results are of interest to biomedical applications. Molecular concentrations are important for various processes such as the embryogenesis, positional homeostasis and its relation to cell energy expenditure, cell torque, cell deformation, and more. These results indicate that statistical molecular distributions play an important role for the recognition of a particular environment by the cell, in biological space experiment to come.