低电离层反射结构的日变化模型

本文提出了日出日落过渡期低电离层的运动斜曲面反射模型。结合白天和晚上的球面反射结构，形成了一个完整的低电离层反射结构日变化模型，提出了反射区的概念，从而使已有珠球面电离层反射的的天波场强计算公式改进为积分形式，更适于一般情况。文中计算了Ｍ台－青岛路径和Ｍ台－新乡路径－跳低频波场强幅度和相位的日变化值，并与实验结果进行了比较分析。     

Sub-optimal fixed-finite-horizon spacecraft configuration control on SE(3)

For achieving the desired configuration of spacecraft at the desired fixed time, a sub-optimal fixed-finite-horizon configuration control method on the Lie group SE(3) is developed based on the Model Predictive Static Programming (MPSP). The MPSP technique has been widely used to solve finite-horizon optimal control problems and is known for its high computational efficiency thanks to the closed-form solution, but it cannot be directly applied to systems on SE(3). The methodological innovation in this paper enables that the MPSP technique is extended to the geometric control on SE(3), using the variational principle, the left-invariant properties of Lie groups, and the topology structure of Lie algebra space. Moreover, the energy consumption, which is crucial for spacecraft operations, is considered as the objective function to be optimized in the optimal control formulation. The effectiveness of the designed sub-optimal control method is demonstrated through an online simulation under disturbances and state measurement errors.     

Adaptive modification of turbofan engine nonlinear model based on LSTM neural networks and hybrid optimization method

An accurate and reliable turbofan engine model which can describe its dynamic behavior within the full flight envelop and lifecycle plays a critical role in performance optimization, controller design and fault diagnosis. However, due to the performance differences caused by the tolerance of engine manufacturing and assembly, and performance degradation during continuously stringent environmental regulations, the model accuracy is severely reduced. In this paper, an adaptive modification method of turbofan engine nonlinear Component-Llevel Model (CLM) based on Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) Neural Network (NN) and hybrid optimization algorithm is pro-posed. First, a dynamic compensator with a combined LSTM NN architecture is constructed to compensate for the initial error between the experimental data and CLM of a turbofan engine under health condition. Then, a sensitivity analysis approach based on the entropy coefficient and technique for order preference by similarity to an ideal solution integrated evaluation is developed to choose the unmeasurable health parameters to be adjusted. Finally, a parallel hybrid optimization algorithm is developed to complete the adaptive model modification when the performance degrades. The proposed method is verified on a military low-bypass twin-spool turbofan engine, and the experimental results show the effectiveness of the proposed method.     

基于复合推进系统动态模型-状态变量模型的航空发动机直接推力预测控制

直接推力控制可以有效改善推力控制的品质,针对航空发动机直接推力控制问题,进行了模型预测控制(Model Predictive Control, MPC)研究。为了提升航空发动机推力控制的精度,提出了基于复合推进系统动态模型-状态变量模型(Compact Propulsion System Dynamic Model-State Variable Model-State Variable Model, CPSDM-SVM)的航空发动机直接推力预测控制方法。CPSDM实时估计出不可测参数（推力、喘振裕度等）的基准值,SVM则根据未来输入实时预测发动机未来响应。由于CPSDM将发动机分为进气道、核心机、喷管、喘振裕度、推力等进行建模,在兼顾精度的同时,提高机载模型的实时性。CPSDM-SVM作为MPC算法中的预测模型,具有较高的精度和实时性。仿真结果表明,在与基于分段线化模型的传统模型预测控制方法实时性基本相同的情况下,所提出方法控制效果有明显的提升,调节时间减小了1.17s。所提出方法稳态控制精度为0.08%,传统方法稳态精度为2.58%。因此,所提出方法在保证实时性的条件下,提升了控制精度和控制效果。     

铝锂合金加筋壁板剪切屈曲性能

为研究剪切载荷下2A97铝锂合金加筋壁板的屈曲与后屈曲行为,设计了加筋壁板和夹具,完成了壁板的剪切试验;得到了加筋壁板的失稳载荷、破坏载荷以及破坏模式;采用受剪板屈曲与张力场理论计算了加筋壁板的剪切屈曲失稳载荷;建立有限元数值计算模型对加筋壁板屈曲行为进行计算分析,并将数值结果与试验结果对比。结果表明：加筋壁板的屈曲模式为筋条间蒙皮的局部屈曲;加筋壁板的破坏模式为沿加载对角线方向蒙皮的凸起,破坏原因为蒙皮的塑性变形、撕裂以及筋条的扭转变形;利用张力场理论可以得到较准确的屈曲失稳载荷,与试验误差为6.56%;数值模拟得到的屈曲与破坏模式与试验吻合,失稳载荷和极限载荷与试验结果误差分别为1.22%和11.52%。     

Feedback structure based entropy approach for multiple-model estimation

The variable-structure multiple-model（VSMM）approach,one of the multiple-model（MM）methods,is a popular and effective approach in handling problems with mode uncertainties.The model sequence set adaptation（MSA）is the key to design a better VSMM.However,MSA methods in the literature have big room to improve both theoretically and practically.To this end,we propose a feedback structure based entropy approach that could fnd the model sequence sets with the smallest size under certain conditions.The fltered data are fed back in real time and can be used by the minimum entropy（ME）based VSMM algorithms,i.e.,MEVSMM.Firstly,the full Markov chains are used to achieve optimal solutions.Secondly,the myopic method together with particle flter（PF）and the challenge match algorithm are also used to achieve sub-optimal solutions,a trade-off between practicability and optimality.The numerical results show that the proposed algorithm provides not only refned model sets but also a good robustness margin and very high accuracy.     

某型飞机机翼防冰系统性能验证研究

介绍了某型支线客机机翼防冰系统的性能验证思路,即通过采用2．5D试验模型验证三维防冰系统的性能j选取一个典型状态点分别进行了2．5D及三维模型的性能汁算分析,同时进行了相同状态点时2．5D模型的冰风洞试验结果分析,最后将2．5D模型计算结果与试验结果进行对比分析,修正3D模型的汁算结果,从而达到验证整个防冰系统性能的目的。     

基于时间累计法的工时定额评估数学模型的建立

采用时间累计法对基本维修作业建立数学模型，解决了表格式工时定额数据多、误差大、使用不便和管理复杂等问题。而且，通过设计和建立数学模型数据库系统，为计算机辅助制定工时定额创造了条件。以基本维修作业为研究对象，系统地分析了基本维修作业划分和量化的方法及步骤，包括模型确定的方法和系数求解公式，并对基于累计法的基本维修作业数学模型进行了深入的研究，从而得到了工时定额评估的一般方法。     

测控应答机下行调制度问题的技术分析

针对应答机采用不同的接收信号功率控制方式，对下行测距调制度、残留遥控调制度以及转发噪声调制度的情况进行了理论分析，得到了各种情况下的调制度数学模型，可供读者在航天工程的测控链路设计及应答机设计时参考。     

正确认识德育内涵--构建适合人才发展的德育教育新模式

从探讨长期困扰人们的德育内涵入手 ,历史的剖析了德育内涵对人才素质教育的意义 ,期望通过粗浅的理论分析 ,明晰现代社会实施德育教育的方法 ,从而构建适合人才发展的德育教育新模式。