基于序列凸规划的运载火箭轨迹在线规划方法

针对大气层内气动力对轨迹规划求解实时性与收敛性的影响,提出一种基于模型补偿序列凸规划的大气层内火箭轨迹规划方法.该方法的核心思想是通过设计一种序列补偿的方式,将火箭动力学中非线性项(气动力加速度与重力加速度)与过程约束项(动压、过载约束等)进行凸化,从而将轨迹规划问题转化为序列凸规划问题而得到快速求解.在此基础上,本文...     

超硬铝合金整体精车加工成型壳体外压稳定性研究

对超硬铝合金整体精车加工成型壳体进行了外压稳定性研究，包括环助加筋壳的总体稳定性和肋间短亮的局部稳定性。给出了6个短壳试件的试验结果和3个环助加筋壳试件的试验结果。研究结果表明：由于超硬铝合金材料的高屈服极限和整体精车加工成型壳体的结构整体性高精度（包括几何形状和尺寸），短壳临界外压比过去试件（用低屈服极限材料LF3M和LF6M，报金件冲压成型-焊接组装工艺，下同）的试验结果平均提高了50％以上，环肋加筋壳总体失稳的临界外压比过去试件的试验结果平均提高了近30％。     

基于自抗扰技术的挠性航天器高精度指向控制

针对存在外部干扰和模型不确定性的挠性航天器,提出了一类新颖的基于自抗扰技术的控制方案,实现无姿态角速度反馈的航天器对目标高精度姿态指向控制。对目标相对姿态指向控制系统进行建模,引入一光滑连续秦函数,构造三阶扩张观测器,观测系统姿态角速度和总扰动,并利用其实现动态补偿线性化及扰动抑制。针对单框架控制力矩陀螺群作为执行机构常存在的奇异,引入零空间空转指令设计了一类奇异避免操纵律。将控制系统方案用于某挠性航天器模型,仿真结果验证了方案的有效性、合理性。     

Preload relaxation analysis and reliable life prediction of space connection and separation device based on accelerated degradation tests

The safety and reliability of space connection and separation device has become a key issue due to the increasing service span of deep space exploration mission. The long-term preload relaxation (a key failure mode) of connection and separation devices is focused in this paper. A series of tests have been designed and implemented to investigate the preload relaxation regulation and a comprehensive method has been constructed to analyze and predict the reliable lifetime of the device. The two-stage preload relaxation law of the device is found and reasonably considered. Due to the different relaxation mechanism, the first-stage preload relaxation is assessed based on the working-condition test results, and the second-stage preload relaxation is characterized by accelerated test results. Finally, the service reliability and reliable life are evaluated. The experiment and assessment results demonstrate the reasonability and effectiveness of the proposed method which can achieve long-service reliability analysis for space connection and separation device within limited time.     

Gamma astrometric measurement experiment (GAME) – Science case

We report here on the science case of a concept for a satellite orbiting at 1 AU from the Sun and using a baffled Fizeau interferometer to look as close as possible to its limb. This configuration, and the need for looking nearby the Sun, is required for the main scientific driver of the mission, namely the measure of the γ parameter of the Parameterized Post-Newtonian formulation to the 10⁻⁶–10⁻⁷ level at least. This would lead to an accurate test of the General Theory of Relativity against other alternative theories of gravity, and set stringent constraints on some of the most significant issues of Astrophysics like those involving exotic forms of dark matter and dark energy. Exploiting the possibilities offered by the observation strategy, it is also possible to target other interesting scientific goals. One is, again, in the realm of General Relativity and aims at measuring the light deflection nearby the Giant Planets to detect asymmetric effects induced by their quadrupoles, predicted by GR but never measured so far. Others can be found in the observation of selected extrasolar systems where, e.g., the astrometric and photometric capabilities of GAME will help to improve on the knowledge of the brown-dwarf regime and on the search for exo-planets with the transit method, respectively.     

火星盘缝带伞跨声速风洞试验研究

火星着陆器在进入减速着陆过程中降落伞是必需的气动力减速装置,然而火星大气的特殊性使得火星降落伞开伞工作时具有超声速、低密度、低动压的特点,因而火星降落伞的构型、参数选择非常关键。文章在对火星盘缝带伞进行理论分析和国际应用研究的基础上,选取四种典型结构参数的盘缝带伞型,即常规透气量和低透气量的探路者型和海盗型伞型,在中国国内首次进行了亚-跨声速风洞试验,对这四种伞型在亚-跨声速下的阻力特性和稳定性开展研究。风洞试验采用横梁式测力天平测量阻力,同时用影像设备观察伞的摆动角度。研究结果表明,盘缝带伞的跨声速段阻力系数与理论值基本相符,能够满足火星环境下的减速需要;盘缝带伞随阻力系数增加稳定性降低,设计中必须兼顾考虑。     

Failure mechanisms of bolted flanges in aero-engine casings subjected to impact loading

In this paper, a failure evaluation criterion was proposed for the bolted casing-flange structure under impact loading. Subsequently, ballistic tests with eighteen bolted casing-flange structure specimens were conducted to validate the failure evaluation criterion. Parameter studies were then carried out using the validated FE models. Both the experimental and numerical results demonstrated the accuracy of the failure evaluation criterion. The failure evaluation criterion provided a quick and easy way to determine the failure mode of the casing connection area by using the materials and dimensions of the structure. Based on the failure evaluation criterion, designing the structural failure mode of the bolted casing-flange structure to be between flange failure and bolt failure can improve the impact resistance of the connection area of the aero-engine casings. This investigation revealed that the impact failure is not the unique criterion in evaluating the containment of the casing connection area, structural failure should also be involved in the evaluation criteria.     

Research on Maintainability Evaluation Model Based on Fuzzy Theory

分析了产品维修性影响属性,给出了维修性属性值与权重的确定方法;提出了基于相对接近度的维修性模糊评价方法。以虚拟环境下产品维修过程为研究对象,在分析产品各可更换单元的维修作业的基础上,建立了产品维修性评价模型。最后结合民机主起落架系统给出了应用实例,结果表明该模型适用于产品维修性的定性评价并且能够支持维修性并行设计。     

Prediction tests by using “ISF” method for the geomagnetic disturbances

A so-called “ISF” prediction method for geomagnetic disturbances caused by solar wind storms blowing to the Earth is suggested. The method is based on a combined approach of solar activity, interplanetary scintillation (I) and geomagnetic disturbance observations during the period 1966–1982 together with the dynamics of solar wind storm propagation (S) and fuzzy mathematics (F). It has been used for prediction tests for 37 geomagnetic disturbance events during the descending solar activity phase 1984–1985, and was presented in 33rd COSPAR conference. Here, it has been improved by consideration of the three dimensional propagation characteristics of each event, the search for the best radio source and the influence of the southward components of interplanetary magnetic fields on the geomagnetic disturbances. It is used for prediction tests for 24 larger geomagnetic disturbance events that produced space anomalies during the period 1980–1999. The main results are: (1) for the onset time of the geomagnetic disturbance, the relative error between the observation, T_obs, and the prediction, T_pred, ΔT_pred/T_obs  10% for 45.8% of all events, 30% for 78.3% and >30% for only 21.7%; (2) for the magnetic disturbance magnitude, the relative error between the observation, ∑K_p,obs, and the prediction, ∑K_p,pred, Δ∑K_p,pred/∑K_p,obs  10% for 41.6% of all events, 30% for 79% and 45% for 100%. This shows that the prediction method described here has encouraging prospects for improving predictions of large geomagnetic disturbances in space weather events.