THE RESEARCH OF INCREASING LIFT ANDREDUCING DRAG FOR WING-TIP SAILS

ＴＨＥＲＥＳＥＡＲＣＨＯＦＩＮＣＲＥＡＳＩＮＧＬＩＦＴＡＮＤＲＥＤＵＣＩＮＧＤＲＡＧＦＯＲＷＩＮＧ－ＴＩＰＳＡＩＬＳＣｈｅｎＭｉｎｇｙａｎ，ＱｉＭｅｎｇｂｕ（ＮａｎｊｉｎｇＵｎｉｖｅｒｓｉｔｙｏｆＡｅｒｏｎａｕｔｉｃｓａｎｄＡｓｔｒｏｎａｕｔｉｃｓ，...     

有效载荷／运载火箭耦合分析的频域方法

盘算尖响函数综合技术导出了用耦合频响函数和无有效载荷的运载火箭界面加速度响应表示的有效载荷／运载火箭耦合动力分析的频域方法，给出了以自由界面的运载火箭模态分数放自由界面或固定界面有效载荷模态参数构成的耦合频响函数表达式。     

Families of halo orbits in the elliptic restricted three-body problem for a solar sail with reflectivity control devices

Solar sail halo orbits designed in the Sun-Earth circular restricted three-body problem (CR3BP) provide inefficient reference orbits for station-keeping since the disturbance due to the eccentricity of the Earth’s orbit has to be compensated for. This paper presents a strategy to compute families of halo orbits around the collinear artificial equilibrium points in the Sun-Earth elliptic restricted three-body problem (ER3BP) for a solar sail with reflectivity control devices (RCDs). In this non-autonomous model, periodic halo orbits only exist when their periods are equal to integer multiples of one year. Here multi-revolution halo orbits with periods equal to integer multiples of one year are constructed in the CR3BP and then used as seeds to numerically continue the halo orbits in the ER3BP. The linear stability of the orbits is analyzed which shows that the in-plane motion is unstable while the out-of-plane motion is neutrally stable and a bifurcation is identified. Finally, station-keeping is performed which shows that a reference orbit designed in the ER3BP is significantly more efficient than that designed in the CR3BP, while the addition of RCDs improve station-keeping performance and robustness to uncertainty in the sail lightness number.     

基于改进准则法的复合壳阻尼结构拓扑减振动力学优化

针对复合壳阻尼结构的拓扑减振优化问题，以约束阻尼层的有限单元为设计变量，采用体积比、模态频率和振型为优化约束条件，构建以多模态权重系数的结构模态损耗因子数值关系为优化目标函数的拓扑减振优化模型。为了拓展优化目标灵敏度具有不局限于某一变密度法插值模型的形式，推导了数值表达式的一般函数式。动力学优化中优化目标灵敏度正、负数集共存，使得非凸性的目标函数设计变量出现负值或优化函数寻优于局部极值点。为此，推导出复合壳阻尼结构的全域灵敏度改进优化准则法迭代格，以确保每次迭代域均为全域设计变量集。结合有限单元法编程实现了复合壳阻尼结构改进准则法，并对复合壳结构进行拓扑减振优化分析。结果表明：在敷设体积减为全覆盖的50%时，复合壳结构的模态损耗因子增减偏差为10%，具有提升减振的轻量化设计目的；各阶目标函数和拓扑构型所需的迭代次数少，中间密度区域较小，多阶优于单阶模态优化函数，易于获得全域寻优的有效减振。     

Laminar flow control research at TsAGI: Past and present

This paper presents a brief review of activities in laminar flow control being performed at the Central Aerohydrodynamic Institute named after Prof. N.E. Zhukovsky (TsAGI). These efforts are focused on the improvement of the existing laminar flow control methods and on the development of new ones. The investigations have demonstrated the effectiveness of aircraft surface laminarization applications with the aim of friction drag reduction. The opportunity of considerable delaying of laminar-turbulent transition due to special wing profile geometry and using boundary layer suction and surface cooling has been verified at sub- and supersonic speeds through various wind tunnel testing at TsAGI and during flying laboratory experiments at the Flight Research Institute (LII). The investigations on using hybrid laminar flow control systems for friction drag reduction were also carried out. New techniques of laminar flow control were proposed, in particular, the method of local heating of the wing leading edge, boundary layer laminarization by means of receptivity control, and electrohydrodynamic methods of boundary layer stability control.     

飞机蒙皮铆接过程中阻尼减振降噪方法探讨

针对铆接工作过程中振动和噪声过大影响工作人员身体健康以及装配质量等严峻问题,介绍了阻尼减振降噪技术,探讨了铆接过程中阻尼减振降噪的可行性技术,并简要的介绍了国内外在这一方面的研究成果。最后,认为利用建模仿真模拟来优化阻尼结构的设计和开发以及确定阻尼敷设的最优位置等。并总结出如何设计阻尼器以及设计一款合适的阻尼器所必需具备的几个特性。     

民机翼身整流影响分析与设计研究

针对某民机翼身组合体进行了翼身整流设计,以减弱机翼机身附面层之间的相互干扰,消除翼身结合处气流的分离,改善该民机的阻力性能。将翼身整流的多种设计方案(不同类型,不同安装位置,不同的几何尺寸等)配置到某民机翼身组合体模型上,用CFD方法对其流场进行粘性绕流数值模拟并对结果进行优化分析,得到了针对该民机减阻效果较好的翼身整流设计方案。     

基于直升机/发动机非线性综合仿真模型的ALQR控制器设计

构建了UH-60A直升机六自由度非定常、非线性气动力模型以及完整的直升机/涡轴发动机非线性综合仿真模型。使用增广LQR方法设计了直升机飞行控制器,包线内大量仿真结果及与 控制器效果的对比表明该控制器解耦性能、指令跟踪性能优越,鲁棒性强。此外,该控制器设计过程简单和调参方便。借助上述综合仿真模型研究了发动机闭环系统与直升机的功率匹配关系,数字仿真表明,发动机能够满足直升机机常规飞行任务下的功率需求,功率涡轮转速下垂量满足直升机飞行操纵品质规范（ADS-33E）的要求。     

暂冲式风洞大开角扩散段性能的实验研究

布置有多层孔板（丝网）的大开角扩散段通过参数的优化设计,可有效缩短暂冲式风洞启动时间,均匀进入稳定段的气流速度,并降低阀后噪声和气流脉动。针对某大型暂冲式风洞大开角扩散段设计关键技术开展专题研究,设计并进行了不同扩散段扩开角角度和中心体分流锥型式的组合实验,从压力损失、出口截面速度分布和降噪特性三个方面进行了对比分析。试验结果表明：试验件45°扩开角＋65°平底锥的压力损失相对最小,而增加导流尾锥的中心分流锥由于底部难以形成稳态的分离涡使得其压力损失明显偏大,其它试验件组合的压力损失值则相接近;各试验件出口截面的速压分布均呈现以中轴线对称分布的双驼峰趋势,且孔板的开孔率偏高时出口剖面速度分布相对更平滑;试验马赫数下的大开角段对气流噪声的消声量约为12～14dB,对频率在2kHz以上的气流噪声具有相对较强的消声能力,同时气流经过设置有多层孔板的大开角扩散段后,气流波动幅值明显降低,气流脉动得到有效地抑制。