某大型飞机后缘襟翼气动/机构综合优化设计

大型飞机增升装置的研制不仅需要其提供足够的气动性能,也需要对噪声、舒适性等进行综合考量设计,而增升装置是提高大型飞机综合性能的重要系统,也是目前技术发展亟待研究和解决的重要问题。对于增升装置机构设计,通过设计较为简单的铰链襟翼机构来引导襟翼达到较优位置,然后选择气动性能较好的位置作为新的优化位置,求得较优机构位置。机构位置改变结合气动性能验证需要进行大量的迭代计算以及结果优化,因此以机构设计为基础,探究多目标优化计算的新方法,最终实现气动结构一体化设计目标。选用铰链式后缘襟翼为研究对象,综合考量后缘襟翼旋转与扰流板下偏联合运动对于气动性能影响,利用所研究方法,对其进行气动机构一体化设计并得出设计结果。     

肋参数对液氧甲烷发动机推力室强化换热的影响

为深入研究带肋推力室强化传热的机理，对带肋液氧/甲烷推力室的燃烧与再生冷却进行了流动与传热耦合分析，并针对不同肋高和肋数目进行了参数化分析。结果表明:引入等效平均热流密度的概念可以准确描述带肋推力室中的实际传热过程;平均热流密度总是随着肋数目的增加而减小，当肋高恒定时，由于总换热面积增大，等效平均热流密度会随着肋数目的增加而增大;而当总表面积恒定时，等效平均热流密度会随肋数目的增加而减小。此外，盲目地增大总换热面积并不一定能改善传热强化，甚至会在某些情况下恶化传热，因此在设计过程中也应该结合其他肋参数进行综合考虑。     

Lift enhancement based on virtual aerodynamic shape using a dual synthetic jet actuator

The Dual Synthetic Jet Actuator (DSJA) is used to develop a new type of lift enhancement device based on circulation control, and to control the flow over the two-dimensional (2D) NACA0015 airfoil. The lift enhancement device is composed of a DSJA and a rounded trailing edge (Coanda surface). The two outlets of the DSJA eject two jets (Jet 1 and Jet 2). Jet 1 ejects from the upper trailing edge, which increases the circulation of airfoil with the help of the Coanda surface. Jet 2 ejects from the lower trailing edge, which acts as a virtual flap. The Reynolds number based on the airfoil chord length and free flow velocity is 250000. The results indicate that the circulation control method based on Dual Synthetic Jet (DSJ) has good performance in lift enhancement, whose control effect is closely related to momentum coefficient and reduced frequency. With the increase of the reduced frequency, the control effect of the lift enhancement is slightly reduced. As the momentum coefficient increases, the control effect becomes better. When the angle of attack is greater than 4°, the increments of lift coefficients under the control of DSJ are larger than those under the control of the steady blowing at a same momentum coefficient. The maximum lift augmentation efficiency can reach 47 when the momentum coefficient is 0.02, which is higher than the value in the case with steady blowing jet circulation control.     

An atmosphere-breathing propulsion system using inductively coupled plasma source

CubeSats have attracted more research interest recently due to their lower cost and shorter production time. A promising technology for CubeSat application is atmosphere-breathing electric propulsion, which can capture the atmospheric particles as propulsion propellant to maintain long-term mission at very low Earth orbit. This paper designs an atmosphere-breathing electric propulsion system for a 3 U CubeSat, which consists of an intake device and an electric thruster based on the inductively coupled plasma. The capture performance of intake device is optimized considering both particles capture efficiency and compression ratio. The plasma source is also analyzed by experiment and simulation. Then, the thrust performance is also estimated when taking into account the intake performance. The results show that it is feasible to use atmosphere-breathing electric propulsion technology for CubeSats to compensate for aerodynamic drag at lower Earth orbit.     

推进剂管理装置的可靠性增长及试验验证

采用原始的焊接方式焊接筛网式推进剂管理装置的收集器合格率低、可靠性差。为此,采用纯钛箔作为过渡层进行了不锈钢筛网与钛合金支压板的电阻缝焊试验以及随后这两者与钛合金骨架的电子束焊试验,然后进行了地面力学环境下的振动试验,以验证焊接方式改进后收集器的可靠性。焊接试验结果表明,纯钛箔过渡层一方面可以大幅降低筛网在电阻缝焊时的焊接热量,有效地减小筛网的热变形;另一方面可以在电阻缝焊后形成牢固、封闭的纯钛/不锈钢筛网焊缝过渡区,有效地增加电子束焊时筛网的变形抗力,从而使得焊接后试样的合格率和性能大幅提高。振动试验结果表明,焊接方式改进后收集器的可靠度置信下限从0.90增加到了0.96。     

脉冲风洞天平-模型支撑一体化测力技术研究

机体/推进一体化气动性能评估是超高速技术发展的关键之一，一体化试验模型具有扁平比很高的特点，内部空间十分有限，传统测力天平安装时将占用模型大量空间，导致发动机相关设备难以安装，从而影响风洞试验的开展。针对上述问题，设计了天平-模型支撑一体化测力装置，并对其进行了强度分析和模态分析，验证了测力装置的强度和频响特性；其次，对一体化测力装置进行了静态校准，获得了相应的载荷计算公式；最后针对2.0m试验模型在Φ600mm脉冲燃烧风洞中开展了Ma5.0、Ma5.5、Ma6.0状态下的气动力载荷测量试验，并对该测量结果与成熟的盒式天平测量结果进行了对比，两者一致性较好，最大测量误差为Ma5.5状态下的法向输出结果，最大值为6.45%，能满足脉冲风洞测力要求。本研究提出的一体化测力装置可为脉冲风洞中机体/推进一体化气动力实验提供参考，进一步发展了脉冲风洞测力技术。     

空间站复合材料收紧装置刚度及静力试验分析

针对空间站柔性翼在展开及收拢状态，通过地面结构试验，对复合材料收紧装置试验件刚度及强度进行试验摸底。对试验项目进行设计，分别对面外刚度、面内刚度、0°工况强度、90°工况强度6个工况条件进行测试，获取了复合材料收紧装置试验件的刚度、强度数据。通过强度试验可知，Y向位移最大，X方向位移最小，且理论与实际偏差小于12%，证明复合材料收紧装置理论预测方法有效，可以为后续复合材料收紧装置结构优化及工艺制造提供有效理论支撑。