基于FW-H方程的旋翼气动声学计算研究

由流体力学N S方程导出的非齐次波动方程———FfowcsWilliams Hawkings方程(简称FW H方程),可以精确地描述在静止流体中运动的物体与流体相互作用的发声问题。以FW H方程为理论模型,将旋翼桨叶运动发声问题等效为包含桨叶的任意运动控制面(声源面)的声辐射问题,并在旋翼绕流Euler方程数值模拟的基础上,在时域内计算了悬停旋翼和前飞旋翼的声场。应用于UH 1H和AH 1/OLS两种旋翼模型的气动声学计算表明:计算结果与噪声实验值符合良好;所研制的程序不仅能够较准确地计算单极子噪声和偶极子噪声,而且具有较强的跨音速四极子噪声预测能力。     

Deep Impact: Working Properties for the Target Nucleus – Comet 9P/Tempel 1

In 1998, Comet 9P/Tempel 1 was chosen as the target of the Deep Impact mission (A’Hearn, M. F., Belton, M. J. S., and Delamere, A., Space Sci. Rev., 2005) even though very little was known about its physical properties. Efforts were immediately begun to improve this situation by the Deep Impact Science Team leading to the founding of a worldwide observing campaign (Meech et al., Space Sci. Rev., 2005a). This campaign has already produced a great deal of information on the global properties of the comet’s nucleus (summarized in Table I) that is vital to the planning and the assessment of the chances of success at the impact and encounter. Since the mission was begun the successful encounters of the Deep Space 1 spacecraft at Comet 19P/Borrelly and the Stardust spacecraft at Comet 81P/Wild 2 have occurred yielding new information on the state of the nuclei of these two comets. This information, together with earlier results on the nucleus of comet 1P/Halley from the European Space Agency’s Giotto, the Soviet Vega mission, and various ground-based observational and theoretical studies, is used as a basis for conjectures on the morphological, geological, mechanical, and compositional properties of the surface and subsurface that Deep Impact may find at 9P/Tempel 1. We adopt the following working values (circa December 2004) for the nucleus parameters of prime importance to Deep Impact as follows: mean effective radius = 3.25± 0.2 km, shape – irregular triaxial ellipsoid with a/b = 3.2± 0.4 and overall dimensions of ∼14.4 × 4.4 × 4.4 km, principal axis rotation with period = 41.85± 0.1 hr, pole directions (RA, Dec, J2000) = 46± 10, 73± 10 deg (Pole 1) or 287± 14, 16.5± 10 deg (Pole 2) (the two poles are photometrically, but not geometrically, equivalent), Kron-Cousins (V-R) color = 0.56± 0.02, V-band geometric albedo = 0.04± 0.01, R-band geometric albedo = 0.05± 0.01, R-band H(1,1,0) = 14.441± 0.067, and mass ∼7×10¹³ kg assuming a bulk density of 500 kg m⁻³. As these are working values, {i.e.}, based on preliminary analyses, it is expected that adjustments to their values may be made before encounter as improved estimates become available through further analysis of the large database being made available by the Deep Impact observing campaign. Given the parameters listed above the impact will occur in an environment where the local gravity is estimated at 0.027–0.04 cm s⁻² and the escape velocity between 1.4 and 2 m s⁻¹. For both of the rotation poles found here, the Deep Impact spacecraft on approach to encounter will find the rotation axis close to the plane of the sky (aspect angles 82.2 and 69.7 deg. for pole 1 and 2, respectively). However, until the rotation period estimate is substantially improved, it will remain uncertain whether the impactor will collide with the broadside or the ends of the nucleus.     

芳纶纤维／环氧复合材料界面超声连续改性处理

运用超声技术在芳纶/环氧复合材料制备过程中对其界面进行改性处理,分析了超声处理过程中纤维与树脂之间浸润性的变化趋势以及超声作用对复合材料界面性能和力学性能的影响。结果表明:超声是通过改善纤维与树脂之间的浸润性,提高复合材料的界面性能及力学性能。     

基于BP人工神经网络的GPS／SINS组合导航算法

基于扩展Kalman滤波的GPS／SINS组合导航算法，需要对原始的非线性连续系统模型进行线性化和离散化处理，要求系统噪声和测量噪声为零均值的高斯白噪声，且易于出现滤波器发散。BP人工神经网络毋需对所求解的问题建模，能够很好地逼近系统非线性特性，获得较高精度的导航定位信息；还具有计算过程稳定，不涉及矩阵求逆，不需要迭代逼近，以及容易实现并行处理等优点。本文设计适用于GPS／SINS组合导航系统的BP网络模型，并在标准的BP算法基础上，采用共轭梯度法改进网络训练速度及精度。最后，通过仿真算例说明BP网络方法用于GPS／SINS组合导航计算的可行性。     

粘流与无粘流的相互作用计算

本文总结了粘流/无粘流的各种计算方法和结果。重点在于介绍定常流动中的弱相互作用。首先叙述了弱相互作用的数学模型。给出了不可压流动和跨音速流动中粘流/无粘流相互作用的某些正耦合的计算结果。讨论了在分离区附近边界层正方法失效的原因。然后介绍了边界层反方法和适用于带分离的流动中半反方法耦合的粘流/无粘流的相互作用方法。文中也简单地总结了三维情况的应用和强相互作用。     

Mиг－23飞机尾旋试飞体会

Ｍиг－２３飞机是一种变后掠翼战斗机，它的尾旋动态及改出尾旋的方法很复杂。根据在该机上进行的四次尾旋飞行试验，叙述其尾旋进入的方法、尾旋中的动态和改出尾旋的方法。并举出三个典型的尾旋模态实例，详细记述整个尾旋过程和进行分析，说明Ｍиг－２３飞机尾旋动态的复杂性及其表现出的特点。最后，提出了几点在判断和改出Ｍиг－２３飞机的尾旋时应注意的事项。     

裂解温度对先驱体转化制备2D-Cf／SiC材料结构与性能的影响

以聚碳硅烷(PCS)、二乙烯基苯(DVB)和SiC微粉为原料制备了2D-Cf/SiC材料,考察了首次裂解温度对材料结构与性能的影响.结果表明,首次裂解温度的提高有助于弱化界面结合,形成良好的界面结构,从而提高材料的力学性能.当裂解温度从1000℃提高到1600℃时,材料的弯曲强度由200.7MPa提高到319.2MPa,剪切强度由16.8MPa提高到29.8MPa,断裂韧度由7.4 MPa·m1/2提高到15.0 MPa·m1/2.     

Topological defects and highest energy cosmic and gamma rays

In this paper we review the hypothesis that a substantial part of the cosmic ray flux observed above about 10¹⁹ eV may be produced by decaying or annihilating topological defects left over from phase transitions in the early universe at grand unification energy scales ( 10¹⁶ GeV). Possible signatures of cosmic ray producing defect models are discussed which could be tested experimentally in the near future. We thereby focus on model independent universal spectral properties of the predicted particle fluxes.     

基于VXI总线的火控雷达自动检测系统

文中通过对新一代检测技术的研究,阐述了以先进的VXI总线技术为硬件平台,以Labwindows/CVI为软件平台的火控雷达自动检测系统的构成、功能和实施技术方案.该方案立足于服务一线,建立了自动化程度高、通用性强、兼容性好的雷达自动检测系统,并考虑了测试系统的扩展性.有效地避免了传统火控雷达检测设备组成庞大、操作复杂、扩展性差等技术问题.     

基于虚拟仪器技术的TACAN 综合测试仪的开发

简要介绍了虚拟仪器的概念、结构,然后着重介绍用于机载TACAN综合测试的虚拟仪器系统的设计与开发.给出硬件构成原理,采用LabWindows/CVI作为虚拟仪器软件的开发平台.