无人机机载综合信息记录仪设计应用

无人机飞行试验的故障和事故分析需要完整记录无人机飞行状态及环境信息,为此设计了能够记录无人机遥测/遥控、飞行图像和发动机噪声的机载综合记录仪,并解决了各种信息的同步记录和回放问题,提供了一套完整的解决方案。同时为满足无人机特殊的使用环境,对记录仪进行了小型化、减重设计及电磁兼容设计,结果表明,此记录仪适用于无人机系统,为无人机飞行性能分析及故障事故分析诊断提供了一种有效的支持手段。     

Forming Characteristics of Al-alloy Large-diameter Thin-walled Tubes in NC-bending Under Axial Compressive Loads

Tube thinning control without wrinkling occurring is a key problem urgently to be solved for improving the forming qualities in numerical control (NC) bending processes of large-diameter Al-alloy thin-walled tubes (AATTs). It may be a way solving this problem to exert axial compression loads (ACL) on the tube end in the bending. Thus, this article establishes a three-dimensional (3D) elastic-plastic explicit finite element (FE) model for the bending under ACL and has its reliability verified. Through a multi-index orthogonal experiment design, a combination of process parameters, each expressed by a proper range, for this FE model is derived to overcome the compression instability on tube ends. By combining the FE model with a wrinkling energy prediction model, an in-depth study is conducted on the forming characteristics of large-diameter AATTs with small bending radii and it can be concluded that (1) The larger the tube diameters and the smaller the bending radii, the larger the induced tangent tension stress zones on tube intrados, by which the tube maximum tangent compression stress zones will be partitioned in the bending processes; thus, the smaller the ACL roles in decreasing thinning degrees and the larger the compression instability possibilities on tube ends. (2) The tube wrinkling possibilities under ACL are larger than without ACL acting in the earlier forming periods, and smaller in the later ones. (3) For the tubes with a size factor less than 80, the ACL roles in decreasing thinning degrees are stronger than in increasing wrinkling possibilities.     

整体复合裙的铺层比优化设计与轴压性能分析

通过有限元法研究了炭纤维无纬带与平纹布铺层的体积比λ对整体复合裙抗轴压性能的影响。分析表明,λ为7∶3时,复合裙的抗轴压性能较好。对用树脂传递模塑(RTM)工艺制备的具有优化铺层方式的复合裙进行了轴压性能试验,试验所得复合裙的轴压刚度与计算值的偏差为9.5%,试验的轴向应变-载荷曲线与计算的轴向应变-载荷曲线趋势基本一致。     

适应飞机需求的进气预冷技术路线分析

为了综合评价高超飞机用高Ma的涡轮发动机及其组合动力的预冷技术方案,从工程应用角度以飞机动力需求为牵引,开展了射流预冷、超临界氦强预冷和燃油强预冷技术方案的对比分析。针对3种预冷技术方案的原理、技术优势、存在的问题,以及适应飞机需求的标志性技术指标开展分析和评估,从跨速域时性能、技术难度及风险、付出的成本代价和周期,以及发展前景等方面开展了综合分析。结果表明：从满足产品需求的角度出发,与超临界氦强预冷和燃油强预冷技术方案相比,射流预冷技术装置结构简单、可靠性高、总压损失小、可与进气道高度集成、供水量适度,以及涡轮发动机本身提供的功率足以驱动射流预冷系统无需额外能源,是目前涡轮发动机扩包线的较优方案。     

宽带信号去斜脉冲压缩处理方法的研究

宽带信号广泛应用于雷达、导航和卫星通讯等领域。宽带信号的传统接收处理方法主要是采用匹配滤波或子带分割技术。本文用去斜脉冲压缩处理方法处理宽带信号,给出了具体的实现结构和改进措施,分析了如何选择系统的信号采样频率,同时还给出了脉压波形的仿真结果及性能分析。实验表明:对中心频率为9.5GHz、带宽1.3GHz、脉冲宽度30μs的宽带线性调频信号,采用该方法处理只需90MHz采样数据率,大大降低了数据采集的难度。     

Hybrid partition- and network-level scheduling design for distributed integrated modular avionics systems

Distributed Integrated Modular Avionics (DIMA) develops from Integrated Modular Avionics (IMA) and realizes distributed integration of multiple sub-function areas. Time-triggered network provides effective support for time synchronization and information coordination in DIMA systems. However, inconsistency between processing resources and communication network destroys the time determinism benefiting from partitions and time-triggered mechanism. To ensure such time determinism and achieve guaranteed real-time performance, system design should collectively provide a global communication scheme for messages in network domain and a corresponding execution scheme for partitions in processing domain. This paper firstly establishes a general DIMA model which coordinates partitioned processing and time-triggered communication, and then proposes a hybrid scheduling algorithm using Mixed Integer Programming to produce feasible system schemes. Furthermore, incrementally integrating new functions causes upgrades or reconfigurations of DIMA systems and will generate integration cost. To control such cost, this paper further develops an optimization algorithm based on Maximum Satisfiability Problem and guarantees that the scheduling design for upgraded DIMA systems inherit their original schemes as much as possible. Finally, two typical cases, including a simple fully connected DIMA system case and an industrial DIMA system case, are constructed to illustrate our DIMA model and validate the effectiveness of our hybrid scheduling algorithms.     

Obstacle avoidance handling and mixed integer predictive control for space robots

This paper presents a novel obstacle avoidance constraint and a mixed integer predictive control (MIPC) method for space robots avoiding obstacles and satisfying physical limits during performing tasks. Firstly, a novel kind of obstacle avoidance constraint of space robots, which needs the assumption that the manipulator links and the obstacles can be represented by convex bodies, is proposed by limiting the relative velocity between two closest points which are on the manipulator and the obstacle, respectively. Furthermore, the logical variables are introduced into the obstacle avoidance constraint, which have realized the constraint form is automatically changed to satisfy different obstacle avoidance requirements in different distance intervals between the space robot and the obstacle. Afterwards, the obstacle avoidance constraint and other system physical limits, such as joint angle ranges, the amplitude boundaries of joint velocities and joint torques, are described as inequality constraints of a quadratic programming (QP) problem by using the model predictive control (MPC) method. To guarantee the feasibility of the obtained multi-constraint QP problem, the constraints are treated as soft constraints and assigned levels of priority based on the propositional logic theory, which can realize that the constraints with lower priorities are always firstly violated to recover the feasibility of the QP problem. Since the logical variables have been introduced, the optimization problem including obstacle avoidance and system physical limits as prioritized inequality constraints is termed as MIPC method of space robots, and its computational complexity as well as possible strategies for reducing calculation amount are analyzed. Simulations of the space robot unfolding its manipulator and tracking the end-effector’s desired trajectories with the existence of obstacles and physical limits are presented to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed obstacle avoidance strategy and MIPC control method of space robots.     

芯子宽厚比对铝蜂窝夹层结构平压强度的影响

用正六边形代替实际蜂芯,推导了夹层结构的平压强度与芯子宽厚比的关系,并对八种规格的芯子平压强度进行统计,统计结果虽然与推导的结果有偏差,但规律却是一致的,即蜂窝夹层结构的平压强度随着芯子宽厚比d/t_s增大呈负指数减小。     

叠层球面橡胶-金属弹性轴承等刚度设计研究

从理论上推导了叠层球面橡胶-金属弹性轴承各胶层的压缩刚度和扭转刚度计算公式,探讨了胶层压缩刚度、扭转刚度的等刚度设计方法,并将等压缩刚度和等扭转刚度设计方案的理论计算结果、有限元仿真结果分别与未进行等刚度设计方案的结果分别进行了计算和对比,结果表明,等刚度设计可以很大程度上消除不同胶层之间的刚度差异,各胶层压缩刚度和扭转刚度的理论计算结果与仿真结果基本吻合。     

前缘半径对两个尺度三级压缩楔流场结构影响研究

为研究前缘钝度及模型尺度对流场结构的影响,采用了长度为0.3 m和0.6 m的三级压缩楔模型,前缘半径分别为0,0.5,1,1.5,3 mm,在0.6 m激波风洞中利用高速阴影摄像获得了系列流场结构照片,清晰地显示了激波结构。试验条件为马赫数5.98,总温670 K,总压6.56MPa。数据结果表明,随着前缘半径的增加,第一道激波角增大,第二和第三道激波角减小;存在明显的模型尺度影响,在同等钝度条件下(尖前缘除外),两个尺度模型的第一道激波角相差迭0.4°,第二道和第三道激波角最大可相差0.5°。流场照片显示,在拐角处存在激波边界层干扰,造成第二、三道激波根部弯曲,随前缘半径增加,弯曲程度和影响区域增大。