关于外测新体制的一些分析与思考

针对外测新体制下数据处理中遇到的一些重要问题进行了较为深入的讨论。认真分析了多站测速系统的严重病态以及样条约束的EMBET算法在目标非平稳段的剩余截断误差等制约弹道处理精度的重要问题,并提出解决问题的思路与方法。     

欧洲空间天气计划

简要介绍了空间天气的基本概念,并对欧洲空间天气计划的效益分析、用户需求、实施方案等方面的内容进行介绍。     

北京航天指控中心卫星任务数字仿真软件的设计

首先给出了北京航天指控中心仿真软件的设计模型,阐述了仿真软件仿真的内容,并详细介绍了仿真软件的总体结构和关键进程的设计方法,最后显示了仿真的结果,在实际应用中该软件得到了验证。     

Establishment of atmospheric weighted mean temperature model in the polar regions

Due to the special geographical location and extreme climate environment, the polar regions (Antarctic and Arctic) have an important impact on global climate change. Atmospheric weighted mean temperature (Tm) is a crucial parameter in the retrieval of precipitable water vapor (PWV) from the zenith wet delay (ZWD) of ground-based Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) signal propagation. In this paper, the correlation between weighted mean temperature and surface temperature (Ts) is studied firstly. It is shown that the correlation coefficients between Tm and Ts are 0.93 in the Antarctic and 0.94 in the Arctic. The linear regression Tm model and quadratic function Tm model of the Antarctic and the Arctic are established respectively using the radiosonde profiles of 12 stations in the Antarctic and 58 stations in the Arctic from 2008 to 2015. The accuracies of the linear regression Tm model, the quadratic function Tm model and GPT2w Tm model which is a state-of-the-art global Tm model are verified using the radiosonde profiles from 2016 to 2018 in the Antarctic and Arctic. Root Mean Square (RMS) errors of the linear regression Tm model, the quadratic function Tm model and GPT2w Tm model in the Antarctic are 3.07 K, 2.87 K and 4.32 K respectively, and those in the Arctic are 3.53 K, 3.38 K and 4.82 K, which indicates that the quadratic function Tm model has a higher accuracy compared to linear regression Tm model, and the accuracies of the two regional Tm models are better than that of GPT2w Tm model in the polar regions. In order to better evaluate the accuracy of Tm in the PWV retrieval, the PWV values of radiosondes are used for comparisons as the reference value. The RMS errors of PWV derived from the two Tm models are similar for 1.28 mm in the Antarctic and 1 mm in the Arctic respectively. In addition, the spatial and temporal variation characteristics of Tm are analyzed in the polar regions by spectral analysis of Tm data using fast Fourier transform. The results show that the Tm has obvious seasonality and annual periodicity in the polar regions, and the maximum difference between warm season and cold season is about 63 K. After comparing and analyzing the influences of latitude, longitude and elevation on the Tm in the polar regions, it is found that latitude and elevation have a greater influence on the Tm than the longitude. As the latitude and elevation increase, the Tm decreases, and vice versa in the polar regions.     

ADS-B监视报文参数统计及其所需性能

基于广播式自动相关监视（ADS-B）报文的位置导航不确定性指标（NUC_P）的监视质量备受关注。针对位置导航不确定性参数好、监视质量却不高的问题，深入研究广播式自动相关监视报文数据项及其与基于性能的通信与监视的相关性。在充分考虑通信导航监视相关性及全球卫星导航系统（GNSS）广域增强等因素基础上，推导、构建了监视所需性能估计模型，并给予合理简化。在测试空域利用2个具有运行资质的生产商ADS-B接收站，连续采集近2亿条ADS-B报文，统计分析报文各信息项的状态参数，并应用到所需性能估计模型评估计算这两个ADS-B站的所需监视性能。此外还将参考文献报文参数代入模型评估所需性能。结果显示，当考虑报文各信息项统计状态及具备广域增强服务支撑时，ADS-B所需监视性能参数估计值未达到99.9%要求。若缺乏广域增强服务及相关性因素等，系统所需性能与国际民航组织（ICAO）监视要求的差距则更大。     

Application of Wuhan Ionospheric Oblique Backscattering Sounding System (WIOBSS) for the investigation of midlatitude ionospheric irregularities

An upgrade of Wuhan Ionospheric Backscattering Sounding System (WIOBSS) was developed in 2015. Based on the Universal Serial Bus (USB), and a high performance FPGA, the newly designed WIOBSS has a completely digital structure, which makes it portable and flexible. Two identical WIOBSSs, which were situated at Mile (24.31°N, 103.39°E) and Puer (22.74°N, 101.05°E) respectively, were used to investigate the ionospheric irregularities. The comparisons of group distance, Doppler shift and width between Mile-Puer and Puer-Mile VHF ionospheric propagation paths indicate that the reciprocity of the irregularities is satisfied at midlatitude region. The WIOBSS is robust in the detection of ionospheric irregularities.     

Comparison of GPS derived TEC with the TEC predicted by IRI 2012 model in the southern Equatorial Ionization Anomaly crest within the Eastern Africa region

We have compared the TEC obtained from the IRI-2012 model with the GPS derived TEC data recorded within southern crest of the EIA in the Eastern Africa region using the monthly means of the 5 international quiet days for equinoxes and solstices months for the period of 2012 – 2013. GPS-derived TEC data have been obtained from the Africa array and IGS network of ground based dual-frequency GPS receivers from four stations (Kigali (1.95°S, 30.09°E; Geom. Lat. 11.63°S), Malindi (2.99°S, 40.19°E; Geom. Lat. 12.42°S), Mbarara (0.60°S, 30.74°E; Geom. Lat. 10.22°S) and Nairobi (1.22°S, 36.89°E; Geom. Lat. 10.69°S)) located within the EIA crest in this region. All the three options for topside Ne of IRI-2012 model and ABT-2009 for bottomside thickness have been used to compute the IRI TEC. Also URSI coefficients were considered in this study. These results are compared with the TEC estimated from GPS measurements. Correlation Coefficients between the two sets of data, the Root-Mean Square Errors (RMSE) of the IRI-TEC from the GPS-TEC, and the percentage RMSE of the IRI-TEC from the GPS-TEC have been computed. Our general results show that IRI-2012 model with all three options overestimates the GPS-TEC for all seasons and at all stations, and IRI-2001 overestimates GPS-TEC more compared with other options. IRI-Neq and IRI-01-corr are closely matching in most of the time. The observation also shows that, GPS TEC are underestimated by TEC from IRI model during noon hours, especially during equinoctial months. Further, GPS-TEC values and IRI-TEC values using all the three topside Ne options show very good correlation (above 0.8). On the other hand, the TEC using IRI-Neq and IRI-01- corr had smaller deviations from the GPS-TEC compared to the IRI-2001.     

导弹飞行安全区确定

对导弹飞行安全区进行了确切定义,分别对正常飞行弹安全区和故障飞行弹安全区进行了定量研究。在研究故障弹安全区时,从对导弹飞行安全产生的最终效果出发,对各种故障进行了科学分类,并建立了各类故障的故障方程,进而给出了导弹飞行安全区的计算模型和方法,这些模型和方法不仅符合故障飞行的物理背景,而且工程计算简单可靠。     

一种模块级可降级重组双机系统的系统管理程序实现方法

分析了模块级可降级重组双机系统的有效组态数,并与双机系统级备份进行了比较。分析结果表明,随着冗余级别的降低,系统的可靠性有所改善,但系统的有效组态数将大大增加,这将导致系统管理程序的复杂化。文章介绍了该系统管理程序的设计准则,并对其中几个有特点的子程序作了简要说明。     

返回式卫星数字姿态控制系统及飞行试验结果

简要介绍我国返回式卫星上用的计算机数字姿态控制系统的方案;重点阐述姿态确定和相平面控制律的设计方法;最后简述飞行试验的结果。