混杂组元低频吸波阵列层板复合材料的吸波性能

采用电磁仿真运算的方法设计了方形和十字形混杂组元低频吸波阵列,采用模压工艺制备了基于混杂组元低频吸波阵列的吸波层板复合材料。研究了各单组元阵列本征吸波特性随单元结构变化的规律和混杂组元低频阵列本征吸收带的叠加效应。吸波性能测试结果表明,不同形状阵列单元的混杂可以有效拓宽阵列的本征吸收带宽,方形和十字形混杂组元阵列为双峰吸收阵列,吸收峰频率分别为3.1与4.5 GHz。混杂组元低频阵列的引入可以有效改善层板低频吸波性能,5 mm厚吸波阵列层板的反射率在2~6 GHz范围内-4.7 d B,6~16 GHz范围内-7 d B,阵列吸波层板的宽频吸波性能显著优于传统的阻抗渐变型吸波层板,阵列吸波层板力学性能与树脂基复合材料层板相当。     

同轴型微波等离子推力器磁场效应

在2.45 GHz同轴型微波等离子体推力器中加入磁场可以提高推力器的性能。这是由于磁场的存在,在推力器启动阶段会形成电子回旋共振区;稳定工作时,等离子体获得的焦尔热比没有磁场时高,这些都增加了等离子体吸收的微波能量。以氩气为工质,对外加磁场微波等离子推力器进行了实验研究,结果表明,推力器可以达到较高的耦合效率。对等离子体羽流的诊断则表明,外加磁场提高了推力器谐振腔内工质气体的电离度。     

宽频带自反相型180°移相器的研究

提出并制作一种四倍频程自反相型180°移相器。采用两段巴伦直接相连的方式,仅用一个单元电路就实现了超宽频带内的180°移相。在1.3~5.2GHZ工作频段内,该移相器的驻波小于1.65,插入损耗小于1DB,固定相移180°,相位精度达到±5.5°。     

小型化电子回旋谐振微波离子推进器研究

常规的电推进技术是针对大卫星应用而研制的，体积大、功耗高，不能满足小卫星飞速发展的实际需要。针对小卫星对电推进器的要求，提出了利用电子回旋谐振微波放电技术，采用微波同轴放电腔体的小型化离子推进器。由于同轴传输线不存在截止波长，放电腔体的直径选择非常灵活，可以适应小卫星的低供电能力和对体积重量的要求。实验样机的直径为50mm，在微波功率为30W，加速电压1．2kV，减速电压0．2kV的条件下，等离子体的电子密度达到了4．6×10^16／m^3，推进器的离子束流也达到6mA。实验样机的体积大大低于常规波导谐振腔微波离子推进器，实现了小型化，基本满足了小卫星对电推进器的体积重量要求。     

四极－十六极分区式线型阱中汞离子囚禁仿真研究

利用SIMION软件建立了四极-十六极分区式线型离子阱系统模型，在此基础上仿真模拟了汞离子在四极阱和十六极阱中被囚禁时的第一稳定区，并分析了离子在不同阱中的运动特性。研究了汞离子云在分区式阱中的囚禁体积和速度分布，以及在不同囚禁区域之间的穿梭过程。模拟得出了稳态情况下分区式阱中不同囚禁区域的粒子数密度分布，验证了分区式离子阱中离子云被连续囚禁、穿梭时粒子数衰减和补偿。同时，根据以上数据分析讨论了汞离子囚禁时的多普勒效应，估算了基于此分区式离子阱的汞离子微波钟的性能水平。     

异地遥测对接可行性探究

针对现有飞行器测控系统遥测对接试验周期长、效率低的不足,提出一种异地遥测对接方法.通过构建异地遥测对接系统结构,得到异地遥测对接信号链路模型.基于系统时钟抖动的频率、相位和采样时间表达形式,对异地遥测对接链路中的信号进行了具体推导.在此基础上,从频率和相位2个方面,定量分析了系统时钟抖动对异地遥测对接信号相参性的影响.分析结果表明：对于Ka频段信号,当应答机端异地遥测对接系统的时钟短期频率稳定度优于1×10^-11时,异地遥测对接系统引入的频率抖动△f≤0.6 Hz,相位抖动△φ≤0.075 rad,可认为异地遥测对接信号的相参性不受影响,异地遥测对接可行.     

Ozone trends in the mid-latitude stratopause region based on microwave measurements at Lindau (51.66° N, 10.13° E), the ozone reference model,and model calculations

We compared 8 years of ozone measurements taken at Lindau (51.66° N, 10.13° E) at altitudes between 40 and 60 km using the microwave technique with the CIRA ozone reference model that was established 20 years ago (Keating et al., 1990). We observed a remarkable decrease in ozone density in the stratopause region (i.e., an altitude of 50 km), but the decrease in ozone density in the middle mesosphere (i.e., up to 60 km in altitude) is slight. Likewise, we observed only a moderate decrease in the atmospheric region below the stratopause. Other studies have found the strongest ozone decrease at 40 km and a more moderate decrease at 50 km, which is somewhat in contradiction to our results. This decrease in ozone density also strongly depends on the season. Similar results showed model calculations using the GCM COMMA-IAP when considering the increase in methane. In the lower mesosphere/stratopause region, the strongest impact on the concentration of odd oxygen (i.e., O₃ and O) was observed due to a catalytic cycle that destroys odd oxygen, including atomic oxygen and hydrogen radicals. The hydrogen radicals mainly result from an increase in water vapor with the growing anthropogenic release of methane. The finding suggesting that the stratopause region is apparently attacked more strongly by the water vapor increase has been interpreted in terms of the action of this catalytic cycle, which is most effective near the stratopause and amplified by a positive feedback between the ozone column density and the ozone dissociation rate, thereby chemically influencing the ozone density. However, the rising carbon dioxide concentration cools the middle atmosphere, thereby damping the ozone decline by hydrogen radicals.     

红外隐身涂层及对雷达吸波性能的影响

研究了红外雷达兼容隐身涂层红外发射率及雷达波隐身兼容性的影响因素,包括填料的类型、质量分数及涂层厚度。研究表明,以填充30wt%的HW-3型铝粉为填料,制备的涂层厚度为20μm时,涂层红外发射率达到0.25,能大幅降低材料表明红外辐射温度,且对微波隐身兼容性良好。     

微波等离子推力器喷管流动数值模拟

为了准确把握微波等离子推力器喷管流动的机理与特点,采用冻结流和非平衡流两种模型对其进行了对比数值模拟分析。非平衡流模型考虑了流动过程中的分解反应、电离反应和复合反应,化学动力学模型为4组分、4反应的有限速率化学反应模型,采用二阶精度NND格式数值求解耦合化学反应源项的N S方程组。数值模拟的结果揭示了喷管内的流场结构,反映了喷管内的离解电离状况,得到了推力器的推力和比冲。分析表明,数值方法有效,计算结果合理,具有工程应用价值,能为相关研究提供参考。     

Study of complex dielectric properties of lunar simulants and comparison with Apollo samples at microwave frequencies

Laboratory characterization of dielectric properties of terrestrial analogues of lunar soil (JSC-1A) and comparison with lunar samples returned from various Apollo missions is made at different as well as normalized bulk density. Here measurements of dielectric constants and losses were made at four microwave frequencies such as 1.7 GHz, 2.5 GHz, 6.6 GHz and 31.6 GHz. Complex permittivity of lunar simulant was measured at temperature ranging from −190 °C to + 200 °C using Wave-Guide cell method. Comparison of permittivity of JSC-1A with Apollo sample also has been done at similar microwave frequencies. The investigations reveal that dielectric constant and loss factor of terrestrial analogues of lunar soil are temperature dependent. As temperature is gradually increased both these parameter (storage factor and loss factor) also gradually increases. These temperatures were chosen because the Moon undergoes at that extremes level of temperature. It is scorching heat at 110 °C during the day and freezing cold at −180 °C during night. The measured value of ε can be useful for designing passive as well as active sensors.