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311.
Eliana Vieira Clara Lázaro M. Joana Fernandes 《Advances in Space Research (includes Cospar's Information Bulletin, Space Research Today)》2019,63(5):1737-1753
Due to the presence of water vapour and cloud liquid water in the atmosphere, the wet component of the troposphere is responsible for a delay in the propagation of the altimeter signals, the Wet Path Delay (WPD). The high space–time variability of the water vapour distribution makes the modelling of WPD difficult, its effect still being one of the main error sources in satellite altimetry applications, e.g. in the estimation of Mean Sea Level (MSL). The understanding and the quantification of the WPD variability on various spatial and temporal scales are the main purposes of this study, in view to improve the MSL error budget. The dominant timescales of WPD variability and its correlation with Sea Level Anomaly (SLA) are examined. In these analyses, the atmospheric reanalysis ERA-Interim model from the European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts (ECMWF) is used to derive a global dataset of daily grids of WPD, spanning a 28-year period from January 1988 to December 2015. The Seasonal-Trend decomposition procedure based on Loess (STL) is used to extract precise WPD annual and interannual signals. Linear trends have been derived from the interannual time series and the contribution of each STL component was mapped globally, allowing the understanding of the WPD variability in spatial terms. The correlation between SLA and WPD is mapped and decomposed into seasons using monthly mean grids, for a period of 21-years, from January 1993 to December 2013.Aiming at inspecting the sensitivity of the results to the used data set, the WPD temporal analysis is extended to the data set provided by the Special Sensor Microwave Imager (SSM/I) and SSM/I Sounder (SSM/IS) Sensors. The WPD from SSM/I(S) is compared against those from the ERA-Interim and from the National Centers for Environmental Prediction (NCEP).Results show that climate phenomena, especially the El Niño Southern Oscillation (ENSO) are the cause for this high variability, since they affect the water vapour and temperature. The observed trends from ERA-Interim, computed globally and over ocean regions only, allow concluding that WPD is increasing with time by approximately 0.1?mm per year, and the maximum trends are observed for the Pacific North and Indian Oceans. High correlation between WPD and SLA is found over the western tropical Pacific.The comparison between WPD from SSM/I(S) and from ERA-Interim and NCEP, allows concluding that the trends computed using only the SSM/I(S) measurement points are substantially larger. 相似文献
312.
Zengke Li Zan Liu Long Zhao 《Advances in Space Research (includes Cospar's Information Bulletin, Space Research Today)》2021,67(10):3156-3168
The integration of Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) with Inertial Navigation Systems (INS) has been actively researched and widely applied as it can provide reliable positioning information continuously. In recent years, Micro Electro Mechanical Systems (MEMS) technology achieves rapid development and Micro Electro Mechanical Systems and Inertial Measurement Unit (MEMS-IMU) has aroused wide concern due to its excellent properties in some cases. However, the observations from MEMS-IMU are easy to be influenced by motion state and location environment because of its manufacturing process. It is not easy to judge whether gross errors are in the state model or the observation model by the widely adopted robust filter based on innovation. In this contribution, we present an improved robust filter with a double state model on the basis of the chi-square distribution of the square of the Mahalanobis distance. The vehicle motion model acts as the external constraint information and can be adopted to construct robust statistic with the results from INS mechanization. And then a robust factor was determined to adjust the observation noise covariance matrix. To evaluate the performance of this method, the simulation test and the field test based on locomotive platform of Nottingham Geospatial Institute (NGI) were carried out. According to the results, in the simulation test, the position improvements are 33%, 30% in the north and east directions; in the real test, the loosely and tightly coupled was adopted and the position accuracy can be improved by about 50–60% in the horizontal direction and the improvement of the pitch and the roll accuracy was lower than the azimuth accuracy due to poor observability and experimental scene which is of the characteristics of small elevation change. Therefore, the proposed robust filter could diminish the effect of the gross error from MEMS-IMU and enhance the integrated system. 相似文献
313.
W.M. Moslem S. Rezk U.M. Abdelsalam S.K. El-Labany 《Advances in Space Research (includes Cospar's Information Bulletin, Space Research Today)》2018,61(8):2190-2197
This paper introduces an investigation of shocklike soliton or small amplitude Double Layers (DLs) in a collisionless plasma, consisting of positive and negative ions, nonthermal electrons, as well as solar wind streaming protons and electrons. Gardner equation is derived and its shocklike soliton solution is obtained. The model is employed to recognize a possible nonlinear wave at Venus ionosphere. The results indicate that the number densities and velocities of the streaming particles play crucial role to determine the polarity and characteristic features (amplitude and width) of the shocklike soliton waves. An electron streaming speed modifies a negative shocklike wave profile, while an ion streaming speed modulates a positive shocklike wave characteristic. 相似文献
314.
地球静止轨道自旋卫星姿态确定及控制策略 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
本文从工程应用的角度详尽地介绍了地球静止轨道自旋卫星姿态原理及确定方法,以我国在轨运行的风云二号卫星为例,给出了大量工程实测数据,并给出姿态控制实施策略,它们已经成功地运用到我国在轨自旋同步卫星的管理。 相似文献
315.
介绍了国内外飞行器用透波材料及天线罩的发展现状及应用需求,分析了在不同飞行马赫数、飞行时间、频带、功能等特殊环境下材料的性能,在此基础上提出了飞行器透波材料及天线罩的发展方向。 相似文献
316.
文章提出了一种新的微波双通带滤波器多项式综合技术,这种方法将频率转换与优化方法结合,与频率转换方法相比较,文章中提出的新方法不仅能够有效地综合出具有等波纹响应特性的对称双通带滤波器的s参数多项式,而且对于两个不对称度很高的双通带也同样有效。文章最后给出了相应的设计实例,验证了该方法对所有双通带多项式综合的有效性。 相似文献
317.
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319.
为了研究燃气轮机燃烧室主燃区和掺混区空气分配比例对燃烧室性能的影响,在双旋流环形燃烧室上进行全温全压燃烧试验研究。结果表明,随运行工况的提高,燃烧室出口温度分布系数OTDF呈现总体降低的变化趋势,出口径向温度分布系数RTDF呈现先显著降低、后缓慢升高并最终平稳的变化趋势,总压恢复系数略有增加;随着主燃区空气比例的增加,OTDF呈现先增加再降低再增加的变化趋势,并在主燃区空气比例为0.343时达到最小值;随掺混区空气比例的增加,燃烧室RTDF持续降低;主燃区和掺混区的进气比例对燃烧室的总压恢复系数几乎没有影响。 相似文献
320.
为了明晰S弯喷管的流固耦合特性,数值模拟了流固耦合作用下双S弯收敛喷管的结构变形特征及其内/外流特性。结果表明:S弯喷管的圆转方弯曲构型产生了非均匀的流场分布,并增强了结构的弹性特征,它们通过交换气动载荷与变形位移数据形成了S弯喷管流固耦合的作用机理。在气动载荷作用下,S弯喷管沿Y向的最大变形位移为25.3mm,它位于喷管出口上壁面的中心位置。当喷管的结构变形稳定时,第二弯转弯处下壁面的气流加速至局部超音速,壁面静压大幅降低;第一弯下游上壁面附近形成了气流分离区;喷管出口喷流沿轴向向上偏转。流固耦合作用导致S弯喷管的流量系数减小0.6%,推力系数降低1.8%。矩形截面与弯曲构型是影响S弯喷管流固耦合特性的主要几何特征,其中矩形截面能够显著增大喷管的变形位移;S形弯曲构型虽然能够有效抑制变形特征,但它导致喷管多个区域出现变形,喷管的结构变形分布变得更加复杂。 相似文献