用于压电料位计的微弱信号检测电路设计

设计了一种用于压电料位计的微弱信号检测电路,从防积分饱和电荷放大、带通滤波、精密检波、两级比较和逻辑控制五个方面介绍了其工程实现。能够实现单极性电源供电处理交流信号,实时监测料位计输出电荷大小,并转换为开关信号输出;具备灵敏度调节功能,可以根据不同物料的阻尼特性,有针对性地设置动作阈值;能够根据用户需要设置输出电平极性,提高了料位计的灵活性和适应性。结合理论计算、仿真分析和试验测试,验证了设计的合理性和正确性。     

中国下一代运载火箭结构技术发展方向与关键技术分析

结构是运载火箭的"脊梁",主要承担火箭发动机推力传递、燃料贮存等功能,并为有效载荷、控制、测量等系统及单机设备提供安装和保护。对国外运载火箭结构技术发展现状进行分析,结合未来我国运载火箭的研制发展需求,展望我国下一代运载火箭结构技术发展方向,提出支撑我国下一代运载火箭结构的关键技术,为我国运载火箭结构技术的发展路线探索和战略规划提供参考。     

机翼盒段结构优化分析

机翼在飞机飞行过程中产生升力,是飞机能够飞行的根本保障。翼盒是机翼的主要承力部件,承受机翼上产生的所有载荷。所以翼盒的结构设计,对机翼甚至整个飞机的影响有着至关重要的作用。好的结构设计不仅能够保证机翼产生正常的气动升力,以及机翼内系统的正常运作,而且能够充分发挥材料的性能优势,减轻结构重量。因此,结构优化设计技术开始广泛被使用。总结翼盒优化的工作,包括不同的结构布局形式,不同的气动压心位置,不同的发动机吊挂位置以及翼盒不同位置的结构尺寸优化,分析影响翼盒结构设计的因素,为机翼结构的初步设计打好基础。     

民机典型前缘结构抗鸟撞分析研究

为保障飞行安全,CCAR25 部对民机结构抗鸟撞性能提出了严格的指令性要求,须对机翼前缘、平尾前缘和垂尾前缘等典型前缘结构进行鸟撞分析。鸟撞分析涉及到结构的动力学分析、鸟体的本构关系模拟、材料的高速非线性效应以及结构大变形等多方面因素的影响,相关的计算复杂,会耗费结构设计人员大量的精力和时间。通过采用经验公式和仿真分析方法对前缘结构抗鸟撞性能进行快速的分析,可达到对结构的抗鸟撞能力进行快速预估并从而指导设计的目的。     

隔振平台对姿态控制系统影响分析及参数选择

为实现卫星的高精度高稳定度姿态控制,在控制力矩陀螺群(CMGs)和星体之间加装了隔振平台。首先依据整星动力学简化模型推得了隔振系统传递函数矩阵;然后分析了隔振平台的使用给姿态控制系统带来的影响,并提出了一种既能使CMGs隔振平台满足隔振要求,又能保证姿态控制系统充分稳定性的参数选择方案;最后通过数值仿真的方式验证了所提出的参数选择方案的合理性。     

Advances in the Researches of the Middle and Upper Atmosphere in China in 2012–2014

In this report we summarize the research results by Chinese scientists in 2012–2014. The focuses are placed on the researches of the middle and upper atmosphere, specifically the researches related to ground-based observation capability development, dynamical processes, the property of circulation and chemistry-climate coupling of the middle atmospheric layers.     

面向Micro-PNT系统的微陀螺敏感结构参数化有限元仿真研究

针对Micro-PNT系统中多环和微半球陀螺敏感结构在设计阶段三维实体仿真分析存在的模型复杂、网格特征较难匹配结构特征、模型复用性较低等问题,提出一种基于低维单元简化建模,并通过实常数和截面定义等方式对特征结构进行全参数化表征的分析方法。通过对比,在相当的分析精度下,参数化分析中所需的节点数量仅为三维实体仿真的2%和43%,仿真效率提高显著,可加快陀螺设计收敛进程,支撑Micro-PNT技术发展。     

基于CPU/GPU的日冕偏振亮度并行计算模型

三维磁流体力学(MHD)数值模拟是用来研究日冕和太阳风最常用的方法之一, 其中将计算得到的日冕电子数密度转化为日冕偏振亮度(Polarization Brightness, PB)是与观测对比的重要方法. 由于待转换电子数据网格密度、PB数据网格密度和计算模型的复杂度, 使得日冕偏振亮度的计算比较耗时, 利用单CPU计算无法达到近实时转换日冕偏振亮度的要求, 从而影响了数值模拟的验证效率. 本文在CPU/GPU环境下, 利用CUDA编程技术, 提出了一个日冕偏振亮度并行计算模型. 实验结果表明, 该模型比CPU上的串行模型计算速度提高了31.86倍, 达到了近实时模拟与观测数据比对的计算要求.      

Effective metal mold method for the production of bionic adhesives based on electrochemical modifications

Bionic adhesives with tip-expanded microstructural arrays have attracted considerable interest owing to their high adhesive performance at low preloads. Their mainstream manufacturing method is molding. Due to most molds are made of silicon or silicon-based soft templates, and have poor wear resistant or vulnerability to high temperature, limiting their use in large-scale manufacturing. Nickel is widely used as an embossing mold in the micro/nano-imprint industrial process owing to its good mechanical properties. However, the processing of metal molds for the fabrication of tip-expanded microstructural arrays is extremely challenging. In this study, using electrodeposition techniques, the shape of the micropores is modified to obtain end-controlled pores. The effect of the non-uniformity of the electric field on the microporous morphology in the electrodeposition process is systematically investigated. Furthermore, the mechanism of non-uniformity evolution of the microporous morphology is revealed. The optimized microporous metal array is used as a mold to investigate the cavity evolution laws of the elastic cushions under pre-load during the manufacturing process. As a result, typical bionic adhesives with tip-expansion are obtained. Moreover, corresponding adhesion mechanics are analyzed. The results show that electrochemical modifications have broad application prospects in the fabrication of tip-expanded microstructures, providing a new method for the large-scale fabrication of bionic adhesives based on metal molds.     

Aerodynamic performance of owl-like airfoil undergoing bio-inspired flapping kinematics

Natural flyers have extraordinary flight skills and their prominent aerodynamic performance has attracted a lot of attention. However, the aerodynamic mechanism of birds' flapping wing kinematics still lacks in-depth understanding. In this paper, the aerodynamic performance of owl-like airfoil undergoing bio-inspired flapping kinematics extracted from a free-flying owl wing has been numerically investigated. The overset mesh technique is used to deal with the large range movements of flapping airfoils. The bio-inspired kinematics consist of plunging and pitching movement. A pure sinusoidal motion and a defined motion composed of plunging of sinusoidal motion and pitching of the bio-inspired kinematics are selected for comparison. The other two NACA airfoils are also selected to figure out the advantages of the owl-like airfoil. It is found that the cambered owl-like airfoil can enhance lift during the downstroke. The bio-inspired kinematics have an obvious advantage in lift generation with a presence of higher peak lift and positive lift over a wider proportion of the flapping cycle. Meanwhile, the bio-inspired motion is more economical for a lower power consumption compared with the sinusoidal motion. The sinusoidal flapping motion is better for thrust generation for a higher peak thrust value in both upstroke and downstroke, while the bio-inspired kinematics mainly generate thrust during the downstroke but produce more drag during the upstroke. The defined motion has similar lift performance with the bio-inspired kinematics, while it consumes more energy and generates less thrust. The unsteady flow field around airfoils is also analyzed to explain the corresponding phenomenon. The research in this paper is helpful to understand the flight mechanism of birds and to design a micro air vehicle with higher performance.