空间斯特林发电机热头结构设计及分析

空间斯特林发电机热头在工作中要承受严酷的高温高压的工况,为了保证其长寿命和高效换热等要求,需要对斯特林发电机热头的材料、结构等方面进行分析和优化设计。本文初步介绍了空间斯特林发电机热头结构设计的要求和准则,分析了热头结构设计的难点和关键点及解决途径。采用有限元分析方法,开展了斯特林发电样机热头的温度和压力综合应力分析和热头结构的优化设计。加工完成的热头结构的工作性能满足斯特林发电机样机的要求,初步验证了设计方法和途径的正确性。     

Trailing-edge scalloping effect on flat-plate membrane wing performance

This investigation studies the effect of trailing-edge scalloping on the lift and drag force coefficients of flat, membrane wings that vibrate at low Reynolds numbers (<61,000). A series of rigid, flat plate frames with moderate aspect ratio and repeating membrane cell structure were studied and compared to a rigid plate and a rigid scalloped plate. Lift and drag measurements were acquired using an external force-balance; flow fluctuation measurements were captured with a hot-wire. Results showed that the size and aspect ratio of the latex cell had a greater impact on lift than scalloping and that scalloping had a greater effect on drag than the cell aspect ratio. Compared to the solid wings, the membrane wings exhibited higher lift and drag coefficients, likely due to both effective cambering and dynamic interaction with the free shear layer. While trailing-edge scalloping decreased both the lift and drag coefficients relative to no scalloping, the greater effect was on drag, thus, increasing aerodynamic efficiency. The maximum lift-to-drag ratio was attained for a 25% scallop with a repeating cell aspect ratio of one. A unique nondimensional scaling of the membrane vibration peak frequency is also presented.     

Modeling the coronal magnetic field in a polar hole

The coronal magnetic field in the northern polar coronal hole in 1986 is predicted on the basis of the photospheric magnetic field observations and the horizontal current-current sheet coronal model (Zhao and Hoeksema, 1993). The predicted magnetic field intensity is stronger near the center of the hole than near the edge. The calculated expansion factor for the entire hole does not match the expansion factor of any flux tube in the hole, suggesting that it would not be appropriate to use the expansion factor for entire hole to represent the divergence of the flux tube in analyzing the acceleration and heating of the plasma in coronal holes.     

时变线性系统的全程滑态变结构控制研究

本文采用分段定常的处理方法研究了一般时变线性系统的滑态变结构控制方案，提出了实时自动分段原则与相应的全程滑态结构控制算法，并通过数字仿真验证了该方案的有效性。     

用于压电料位计的微弱信号检测电路设计

设计了一种用于压电料位计的微弱信号检测电路,从防积分饱和电荷放大、带通滤波、精密检波、两级比较和逻辑控制五个方面介绍了其工程实现。能够实现单极性电源供电处理交流信号,实时监测料位计输出电荷大小,并转换为开关信号输出;具备灵敏度调节功能,可以根据不同物料的阻尼特性,有针对性地设置动作阈值;能够根据用户需要设置输出电平极性,提高了料位计的灵活性和适应性。结合理论计算、仿真分析和试验测试,验证了设计的合理性和正确性。     

中国下一代运载火箭结构技术发展方向与关键技术分析

结构是运载火箭的"脊梁",主要承担火箭发动机推力传递、燃料贮存等功能,并为有效载荷、控制、测量等系统及单机设备提供安装和保护。对国外运载火箭结构技术发展现状进行分析,结合未来我国运载火箭的研制发展需求,展望我国下一代运载火箭结构技术发展方向,提出支撑我国下一代运载火箭结构的关键技术,为我国运载火箭结构技术的发展路线探索和战略规划提供参考。     

机翼盒段结构优化分析

机翼在飞机飞行过程中产生升力,是飞机能够飞行的根本保障。翼盒是机翼的主要承力部件,承受机翼上产生的所有载荷。所以翼盒的结构设计,对机翼甚至整个飞机的影响有着至关重要的作用。好的结构设计不仅能够保证机翼产生正常的气动升力,以及机翼内系统的正常运作,而且能够充分发挥材料的性能优势,减轻结构重量。因此,结构优化设计技术开始广泛被使用。总结翼盒优化的工作,包括不同的结构布局形式,不同的气动压心位置,不同的发动机吊挂位置以及翼盒不同位置的结构尺寸优化,分析影响翼盒结构设计的因素,为机翼结构的初步设计打好基础。     

民机典型前缘结构抗鸟撞分析研究

为保障飞行安全,CCAR25 部对民机结构抗鸟撞性能提出了严格的指令性要求,须对机翼前缘、平尾前缘和垂尾前缘等典型前缘结构进行鸟撞分析。鸟撞分析涉及到结构的动力学分析、鸟体的本构关系模拟、材料的高速非线性效应以及结构大变形等多方面因素的影响,相关的计算复杂,会耗费结构设计人员大量的精力和时间。通过采用经验公式和仿真分析方法对前缘结构抗鸟撞性能进行快速的分析,可达到对结构的抗鸟撞能力进行快速预估并从而指导设计的目的。     

隔振平台对姿态控制系统影响分析及参数选择

为实现卫星的高精度高稳定度姿态控制,在控制力矩陀螺群(CMGs)和星体之间加装了隔振平台。首先依据整星动力学简化模型推得了隔振系统传递函数矩阵;然后分析了隔振平台的使用给姿态控制系统带来的影响,并提出了一种既能使CMGs隔振平台满足隔振要求,又能保证姿态控制系统充分稳定性的参数选择方案;最后通过数值仿真的方式验证了所提出的参数选择方案的合理性。     

Advances in the Researches of the Middle and Upper Atmosphere in China in 2012–2014

In this report we summarize the research results by Chinese scientists in 2012–2014. The focuses are placed on the researches of the middle and upper atmosphere, specifically the researches related to ground-based observation capability development, dynamical processes, the property of circulation and chemistry-climate coupling of the middle atmospheric layers.