DSMC方法模拟微尺度流动时的特征参数选取

利用DSM C算法对微尺度平板附面层流动进行了数值模拟研究,分析了算法中3个主要特征参数:采样循环数、单位网格粒子数和子网格数对模拟结果的影响。分析结果表明,当采样循环数增加到一定程度后,计算结果趋于一致,考虑到计算机时,采样数取8左右为宜;单位网格粒子数过多或过少都会使计算机时增加,太少了还会影响计算精度,建议4~5个左右合适;子网格数对运算时间影响很大,分析认为每个网格内的子网格数为4时最为节约计算时间。最后通过微通道内流动计算进一步验证了本文参数选择方法的可行性。     

调制电子束弛豫长度对哨声波辐射的影响

在发射调制电子束的主动空间试验中,电子束与背景等离子体的线性和非线性相互作用将产生哨声波辐射.影响辐射特性的因素很多,调制电子束的弛豫长度是其中一个重要因素.本文研究了呈指数衰减的调制电子束弛豫长度对电子束产生的哨声波辐射特性的影响.结果表明,当电子束弛豫长度与背景等离子体非均匀特征尺度相当时,有利于提高调制电子束产生的波辐射强度.      

Theoretical and experimental investigation on novel 2D maglev servo proportional valve

This paper presents a novel two-dimensional maglev servo proportional cartridge valve (2D maglev valve), where a contactless maglev coupling is introduced between electro-mechanical converter and valve body to realize functions of force transmission, spool position feedback and linear-rotary motion conversion. Such configuration can effectively reduce cost of both valve manufacturing and electro-mechanical converter, while still maintain features of 2D valve such as null pilot leakage, high power-to- weight ratio and excellent anti-pollution capacity. Firstly, the characteristic equation of the valve is derived using linear theory, and the stability criterion is established for parameter determination. The influences of crucial structural parameters such as initial height of overlapping area, width of high-pressure and low-pressure holes, acting radius of magnetic force, pitch angle of maglev coupling, length of sensitive chamber and system pressure on the dynamic response are investigated based on AMESim numerical simulation. The prototype valve is then designed and manufactured and a special test rig is built. The no-load flow characteristic, load flow characteristic, leakage characteristic, amplitude and phase frequency characteristics and step response under different system pressures are measured. The experimental results are in a good agreement with the simulated analysis. As an over-damped system, the prototype valve has excellent working stability, which can reach a no-load flow rate of 105.9 L/min with hysteresis of 3.51%, amplitude bandwidth of 28.7 Hz and phase bandwidth of 42.8 Hz under 21 MPa. The research indicates that the 2D maglev valve can be a potential solution of flow rate control valve for flight control surface system of civil aircraft with high pressure and large flow rate application.     

Characteristics and mechanisms of turboshaft engine axial compressor casing containment

To investigate the containment characteristics and mechanisms of axial compressor blade and casing in turboshaft engine, experimental and simulation research is conducted on Titanium alloy axial compressor blades and stainless steel simulator casings in this paper. Experiments for four thicknesses (from 0.8 mm to 1.4 mm) of casings are presented on high-speed spin tester. Perforation, ricochet with and without failure of the casings are obtained in test results. Three obvious bulges or dishing region are observed, petaling failure occurs in the first bulge or the third deformation region. Parabolic and elongated dimples are observed at the fracture surface. Finite Element (FE) models with calibrated Johnson-Cook material behavior law are built and analyzed by using explicit dynamic software for a better understanding on the containment behavior. Good agreement is obtained between the experimental observations and numerical predictions. The evolution of the impact force, energy absorption, temperature increase and the cracks’ propagation are analyzed. Three force peaks occur in the impact process. Energy analysis reveals that penetration condition of ricochet with failure leads to most internal energy of the casing.     

数值模拟中的边界处理方法研究

为适应于模拟超声速流场中的一些特殊物理现象,研究了不同物理现象对边界处理的要求。针对激波、旋涡和声波等流场中典型的流动现象,采用常用的外推、特征和缓冲三类边界处理方法分别进行数值模拟。计算结果表明超声速流场边界采用外推技术,只适于计算带有激波的边界。特征方法还能适于旋涡运动的计算。声波的计算只能采用缓冲层技术。     

环形流道流体阻力特性实验研究

针对环形流道下流体阻力特性较圆管阻力特性存在差异,对不同尺寸间隙的环形流道流体阻力特性进行了实验研究.依据圆管流体流动特性原理,推导出摩擦阻力计算公式,采集实验数据、计算实验结果,并对实验结果进行比较、分析.结果表明,环形通道流动特性与流道间隙大小有关,认为间隙为2.5mm是环形通道流动特性的临界点.研究发现,间隙尺寸大于2.5mm时摩擦阻力系数与理论计算相符,流态转捩雷诺数与常规尺寸基本吻合;间隙小于2.5mm为窄环形通道,窄环形流道流体阻力系数随间隙的减小而减小,流道流体流态转捩点明显提前,并且间隙值越小流态转捩雷诺数越小.     

基于VI曲线测试的电路板故障诊断技术

VI曲线测试是一种基于电路VI特性曲线的有效快捷的电路板及元器件测试维修技术,通过检测电路或器件的VI特性曲线,来定位故障点。研究VI曲线测试的特点,并介绍电路板VI曲线测试具体实现方法和操作技巧。     

基于OpenFOAM的超临界压力下低温射流大涡模拟

为了深入认识低温射流在超临界压力下的流动特性,将真实流体热物性模型写入开源CFD程序OpenFOAM平台中,开发出了用于模拟超临界压力下流动过程的均相求解器。针对液氮跨临界、超临界射流进行大涡模拟,研究了环境条件变化对于低温射流流动特性的影响。结果表明：采用的真实流体模型能够在广泛的温度与压力范围内准确计算流体的热物理性质,在此基础上开发的均相求解器能够准确描述超临界条件下的低温射流,其流动特性主要表现为稠密液体与环境气体之间的剪切层不稳定以及湍流混合,此类变密度射流在湍流充分发展区域同常密度射流一样具有自相似特性;超临界射流相比于跨临界射流具有更高的混合效率以及更短的液核穿透长度;环境温度升高以及环境压力降低均使得低温射流与周边气体之间的密度梯度增加,对剪切层中不稳定波动的发展起到抑制作用,导致了射流液核长度的增加以及扩张角度的减小。     

带有覆盖介质层的微带线的特性分析

本文从麦克斯韦方程出发,通过付里叶变换和坐标旋转,导出特征坐标系中谱域场表达式.利用场匹配技术,建立起TE~z真和TM~z模的等效传输线网络,使场问题转化为网络问题,简化了特征方程的推导。然后,运用谱域导抗法具体分析由单轴介质构成的带有覆盖介质层的微带线的特性,根据有效介电常数和特征阻抗的数值结果,得出了在宽带情况下,用标准微带线的综合公式近似代替能得到较高精度的结论,这对设计电磁耦合带馈式微带天线阵的馈线极为有用。     

飞机零位检测系统中的座舱仪表读数识别法

介绍了飞机零位检测系统中的座舱仪表读数自动识别系统。识别系统预先在实验室条件下将各分立仪表图象二值化细化处理成标准的预模式，以此为参照输入被测仪表图象，使之与标准模式有接近的几何位置，然后采用二进小波变换方法在不同角度的扇形区域选择不同的变换参数提取仪表指针及刻度信息，抑制噪声与仪表表面玻璃的反光干扰。再建立图象的同心几何结构特征空间，从而求出被测仪表图象的中心点和相对于标准模式的旋转角度，最后判读指针角度，根据此角度与读数的对应关系自动识别出仪表读数。本文建立的系统对外场环境下摄入的带噪声和反光干扰的座舱仪表图象进行自动识别取得了满意的结果，识别精度高于人工识别精度，基本实现了在线测试。