Development of microstructural inhomogeneity in multi-pass flow forming of TA15 alloy cylindrical parts

Revealing the development of microstructural inhomogeneity in the multi-pass flow forming of titanium alloy components is of great significance to the microstructure control and property tailoring. To this end, the microstructural inhomogeneity of TA15 alloy spun cylindrical parts was analyzed based on the deformation history. The results indicate that the material underwent significant compressive strain in the normal direction (ND), tension strain in the rolling and circumferential directions (RD and CD), while tension strain in the CD is slightly small due to the limited material flow in this direction. These strain characteristics make the microstructure, especially the primary α (α_p), present different morphologies in the different planes of the part. Meanwhile, the combined effects of inhomogeneous deformation and temperature distribution in the ND also cause the inhomogeneity of microstructure morphology and parameters in this direction. Quantitative analyses show that with the forming pass increasing, the aspect ratio of α_p increases most in the normal-rolling plane, then in the normal-circumferential plane and least in the circumferential-rolling plane, whereas α_p content decreases in an opposite trend. Along the ND, the aspect ratio and content of α_p is relatively high in the outer and inner surface areas but lowest in the central area, and these inhomogeneous characteristics can be gradually diminished with the forming pass increasing. Furthermore, the variation of hardness inhomogeneity factor indicates that a four-pass forming with the total reduction ratio of 63% could obtain a homogenous microstructure along the ND of the TA15 alloy spun cylindrical part.     

提高航空发动机性能的弯扭导向器技术

给出了采用弯扭导向器提高发动机性能的设计原则：在全三维弯扭设计时，必须在保证涡轮前总温、总压和燃气流量的前提下，合理调整尾喷管面积，提高涡轮后背压，保证在设计转速下涡轮输出功与原型涡轮级相同，从而保证了压气机的设计点和喘振裕度，同时提高了发动机推力、降低油耗。     

金属/水反应冲压发动机理论性能计算与分析

基于水与金属燃料反应的水冲压发动机是一种新型的水下动力装置。为了研究水下冲压发动机的基本性能，在简述热力计算原理的基础上，以含铝贫氧推进剂为例对燃气发生器式水冲压发动机、以铝金属燃料为例对漩流式水冲压发动机进行了不同工作状态下的热力计算，得出了发动机比冲与水燃比、工作压强等之间的定性关系。     

基于单向拉伸的防锈铝合金温热力学性能研究

通过不同温度及应变速率下的单向拉伸试验,获得了5A06-O防锈铝合金板材关键力学性能参数的变化规律。结果表明,在一定的应变速率下,5A06铝合金的流动应力及抗拉强度随着温度的升高而降低,断后延伸率随着温度的升高而显著的提高。当温度处在20～150℃范围内,均匀延伸率随着温度的升高而升高,而在150℃～300℃范围内,随着温度的升高而降低。另外,基于Fields&Backofen本构方程,对5A06铝合金在不同温度状态下的强化规律进行了分析和探讨,结果表明,随着温度的逐渐升高,应变强化指数不断减小,应变速率敏感系数则显著增大,应变速率强化作用明显增强。     

7B04铝合金蠕变过程中析出相的影响因素

进行了7B04-T7451铝合金在不同蠕变温度、不同应力水平下的多组蠕变实验,根据蠕变率的变化,得到了合理的蠕变温度为150℃;在此温度下进行了不同应力水平和时效时间下的多组蠕变实验,分析了加工条件对微观组织和力学性能的影响.结果表明,高的应力水平能加速合金强化相的析出和转变,同时增大位错的流动能力,因此,随着蠕变时间的增加,材料的屈服强度呈先上升后加速下降的趋势.     

碳纤维/双马树脂复合材料整体成型过程分层扩展行为实验研究

针对复合材料构件热压罐成型过程中常见的分层缺陷,考察了整体成型工艺温度对分层扩展、QY8911双马树脂基体韧性及T300/QY8911层合板Ⅰ型层间断裂韧性的影响,并通过分层扩展断面形貌深入分析了复合材料整体成型工艺中分层扩展的路径和断面破坏模式,给出了复合材料整体成型工艺和结构设计的优化建议措施。结果表明,随着整体成型最高温度的升高,分层扩展程度增大,QY8911双马树脂基体的拉伸强度和拉伸模量逐渐降低,T300/QY8911层合板Ⅰ型层间断裂韧性逐渐增大;对分层扩展断面进行SEM扫描电镜分析发现分层扩展沿着层间开裂,断面内存在基体断裂和基体/纤维界面脱粘两种破坏模式,Ⅰ型层间断裂是复合材料整体成型工艺中分层扩展的典型微观特征。     

一起典型的FJ44-1A发动机金属末故障分析

航空发动机滑油系统发现金属末意味着这发动机部件之间出现了过度磨损,这类故障严重影响飞行安全,必须查明故障原因并纠正。本文根据多次发动机热端部件检查的实践经验,对一起由于安装不当造成发动机轴承磨损的故障进行了分析,并总结了FJ44-1A发动机热端部件装配的若干经验。     

Effective metal mold method for the production of bionic adhesives based on electrochemical modifications

Bionic adhesives with tip-expanded microstructural arrays have attracted considerable interest owing to their high adhesive performance at low preloads. Their mainstream manufacturing method is molding. Due to most molds are made of silicon or silicon-based soft templates, and have poor wear resistant or vulnerability to high temperature, limiting their use in large-scale manufacturing. Nickel is widely used as an embossing mold in the micro/nano-imprint industrial process owing to its good mechanical properties. However, the processing of metal molds for the fabrication of tip-expanded microstructural arrays is extremely challenging. In this study, using electrodeposition techniques, the shape of the micropores is modified to obtain end-controlled pores. The effect of the non-uniformity of the electric field on the microporous morphology in the electrodeposition process is systematically investigated. Furthermore, the mechanism of non-uniformity evolution of the microporous morphology is revealed. The optimized microporous metal array is used as a mold to investigate the cavity evolution laws of the elastic cushions under pre-load during the manufacturing process. As a result, typical bionic adhesives with tip-expansion are obtained. Moreover, corresponding adhesion mechanics are analyzed. The results show that electrochemical modifications have broad application prospects in the fabrication of tip-expanded microstructures, providing a new method for the large-scale fabrication of bionic adhesives based on metal molds.     

电子束熔丝沉积快速制造成型技术与组织特征

利用电子束熔丝沉积快速制造技术制备了TC4钛合金薄壁结构和实体结构试样,分析了成型技术特点,探讨了组织形貌特征及形成机制。研究表明:对于薄壁结构,采用合理的工艺参数,获得的熔积层的宽度为7.4mm,层高为1.5mm;结构纵截面的组织形貌特征是原始β柱状晶与沉积高度方向大约成15°角,较为粗大,宽3～5mm,单个柱状晶贯穿几层到十几层熔积层不等。对于实体结构,熔积间距为4.7mm时得到的试样表面较为平整,熔积高度基本一致;试样纵截面可观察到明显的层带,而原始β柱状晶垂直向上生长。     

大型整体壁板成形技术

 大型整体壁板是现代先进民用飞机的重要结构件,大型整体壁板成形技术是整机研制过程中所必须要解决的重大关键技术。从大型整体壁板的结构特点出发,介绍了整体壁板的结构形式和分类,重点阐述了整体带筋壁板喷丸成形技术和时效成形技术的国外研究应用进展及发展趋势,分析了国内现有整体壁板成形技术的基础和存在问题,特别介绍了国内在ARJ21新支线飞机研制中所取得的最新进展。最后针对中国大飞机研制的紧迫需求,提出了尽快开展大飞机机翼和机身整体壁板成形技术研究的建议和对策。