低膨胀高温合金的发展及在航空航天业的应用

回顾了低膨胀高温合金的发展历史."因瓦效应"和"时效硬化"现象的发现奠定了低膨胀高温合金发展的基础.20世纪70年代航空航天事业的迅猛发展以及能源危机的爆发为低膨胀高温合金在航空航天业的实际应用提供了宝贵的契机, 最早的商用Fe-Ni-Co(IN9××)系列合金,经过用Nb、Ti强化,去Al,加Si等一系列成分上的变化,显著改善其应力加速晶界氧化脆性(SAGBO性能),从此低膨胀高温合金在航空航天领域得到大量应用.为改善此类合金的抗氧化和降低裂纹扩展速率等性能,又进行了新合金系的研究,即以Inconel 783合金为代表的Fe-Ni-Co-Al-Cr系合金和以Haynes 242合金为代表的Ni-Mo-Cr系合金的研究,这些合金在750℃仍能达到完全抗氧化,为新一代飞机发动机的发展提供了优质材料.     

民机数据总线信号综合测试仪

介绍的民机数据总线信号测试仪综合了当前民机上主要采用的ARINC429、ARINC419、CSDB和RS232等数字式航空数据总线规范的接口，具有和这些总线接口设备通讯的能力，可以灵活方便地应用于机载设备检测，装机交联实验当中。     

TiAl合金不同钛铝比层片组织的稳定性

对钛铝比为１．１７４、１．１０５和１．０４１的（ＴｉＡｌ）－２．５Ｖ－１Ｃｒ（ａｔ％）合金层片组织在１３２３Ｋ热暴露中的组织变化进行了观察和分析。发现钛铝比对ＴｉＡｌ合金层片组织的稳定性和失稳分解机理有重要影响，钦铝比适当大于１：１（如１．１０５）的合金可以得到稳定性更好的层片组织。     

基于超声波的复合材料层间剪切强度表征分析

采用数字采样、相关分析、频谱分析等方法,结合部分复合材料层板剪切强度试验,验证材料性能与分析结果的对应性、研究分析参数的选择,为无损表征复合材料剪切强度的可行性做了有益的探索.     

SCR技术制备A2017半固态材料及其触变性能的研究

单辊搅拌技术 (SCRShearing/CoolingRollProcess)技术制备的A2 0 17半固态材料比常规铸造坯组织优良 ;SCR技术制备的A2 0 17半固态材料在 5 30～ 5 70℃范围内 ,可以进行触变成形 ;半固态成形平均屈服强度比热加工时的屈服强度低 10MPa ;A2 0 17半固态材料触变过程分为四个阶段 ,稳定触变阶段A2 0 17半固态材料的触变性能稳定 ,半固态加工时容许的最大加工变形范围为 6 4 %～ 72 %。     

基于FW-H方程的旋翼气动声学计算研究

由流体力学N S方程导出的非齐次波动方程———FfowcsWilliams Hawkings方程(简称FW H方程),可以精确地描述在静止流体中运动的物体与流体相互作用的发声问题。以FW H方程为理论模型,将旋翼桨叶运动发声问题等效为包含桨叶的任意运动控制面(声源面)的声辐射问题,并在旋翼绕流Euler方程数值模拟的基础上,在时域内计算了悬停旋翼和前飞旋翼的声场。应用于UH 1H和AH 1/OLS两种旋翼模型的气动声学计算表明:计算结果与噪声实验值符合良好;所研制的程序不仅能够较准确地计算单极子噪声和偶极子噪声,而且具有较强的跨音速四极子噪声预测能力。     

Deep Impact: Working Properties for the Target Nucleus – Comet 9P/Tempel 1

In 1998, Comet 9P/Tempel 1 was chosen as the target of the Deep Impact mission (A’Hearn, M. F., Belton, M. J. S., and Delamere, A., Space Sci. Rev., 2005) even though very little was known about its physical properties. Efforts were immediately begun to improve this situation by the Deep Impact Science Team leading to the founding of a worldwide observing campaign (Meech et al., Space Sci. Rev., 2005a). This campaign has already produced a great deal of information on the global properties of the comet’s nucleus (summarized in Table I) that is vital to the planning and the assessment of the chances of success at the impact and encounter. Since the mission was begun the successful encounters of the Deep Space 1 spacecraft at Comet 19P/Borrelly and the Stardust spacecraft at Comet 81P/Wild 2 have occurred yielding new information on the state of the nuclei of these two comets. This information, together with earlier results on the nucleus of comet 1P/Halley from the European Space Agency’s Giotto, the Soviet Vega mission, and various ground-based observational and theoretical studies, is used as a basis for conjectures on the morphological, geological, mechanical, and compositional properties of the surface and subsurface that Deep Impact may find at 9P/Tempel 1. We adopt the following working values (circa December 2004) for the nucleus parameters of prime importance to Deep Impact as follows: mean effective radius = 3.25± 0.2 km, shape – irregular triaxial ellipsoid with a/b = 3.2± 0.4 and overall dimensions of ∼14.4 × 4.4 × 4.4 km, principal axis rotation with period = 41.85± 0.1 hr, pole directions (RA, Dec, J2000) = 46± 10, 73± 10 deg (Pole 1) or 287± 14, 16.5± 10 deg (Pole 2) (the two poles are photometrically, but not geometrically, equivalent), Kron-Cousins (V-R) color = 0.56± 0.02, V-band geometric albedo = 0.04± 0.01, R-band geometric albedo = 0.05± 0.01, R-band H(1,1,0) = 14.441± 0.067, and mass ∼7×10¹³ kg assuming a bulk density of 500 kg m⁻³. As these are working values, {i.e.}, based on preliminary analyses, it is expected that adjustments to their values may be made before encounter as improved estimates become available through further analysis of the large database being made available by the Deep Impact observing campaign. Given the parameters listed above the impact will occur in an environment where the local gravity is estimated at 0.027–0.04 cm s⁻² and the escape velocity between 1.4 and 2 m s⁻¹. For both of the rotation poles found here, the Deep Impact spacecraft on approach to encounter will find the rotation axis close to the plane of the sky (aspect angles 82.2 and 69.7 deg. for pole 1 and 2, respectively). However, until the rotation period estimate is substantially improved, it will remain uncertain whether the impactor will collide with the broadside or the ends of the nucleus.     

复合材料旋翼桨叶研制中的几个问题分析

本文针对复合材料旋翼桨叶的主要特点,结合国内自行设计研制的复合材料桨叶设计及制造过程中遇到的几个实际问题及处理措施进行了较详细的介绍,并对复合材料桨叶开发研制提出了一些建议。     

SBS改性再生型木塑复合材料及其耐水性能

为了充分利用城市固体废弃物中的各项资源，本项工作将固体废弃物中的高密度聚乙烯（HDPE）回收后与废弃的木纤维、苯乙烯-丁二烯-苯乙烯（SBS）进行复合，成功地制备出SBS／再生型木塑复合材料，并进行了力学性能测试和水煮试验。结果表明，SBS的加入使木塑复合材料的冲击韧性得到显著改善，同时，复合材料的弯曲强度和弯曲模量没有明显的影响，表明SBS可以作为木塑复合材料的增韧剂。SBS／木塑复合材料经过8周、60℃的水煮后，复合材料的吸水率和厚度膨胀率均有所增加，弯曲模量和冲击韧性分别平均下降14．4％、10．8％。水煮试验初期复合材料的弯曲强度逐渐降低，然后又逐渐增大，第8周后弯曲强度增加的幅度约10％。木塑复合材料的冲击破坏模式以界面脱粘为主，而加入SBS后，复合材料的破坏以纤维断裂和基体断裂为主。     

芳纶纤维／环氧复合材料界面超声连续改性处理

运用超声技术在芳纶/环氧复合材料制备过程中对其界面进行改性处理,分析了超声处理过程中纤维与树脂之间浸润性的变化趋势以及超声作用对复合材料界面性能和力学性能的影响。结果表明:超声是通过改善纤维与树脂之间的浸润性,提高复合材料的界面性能及力学性能。