刚性隔热材料的力学性能

采用纤维烧结法制备了刚性隔热材料,研究了材料密度、纤维取向、测试温度、与气凝胶复合等因素对材料力学强度的影响规律.结果表明:隔热材料力学强度随着密度的提高而增加;隔热材料平面方向拉伸和压缩强度均达到厚度方向的4倍以上;800和1 000℃下,材料的压缩强度保持率分别达到90%和50%;与气凝胶复合后隔热材料在拉伸强度维持不变的情况下,压缩强度增加35%以上.     

微波烧结制备MoSi2 及SiC/ MoSi2 纳米复合陶瓷

采用微波烧结法制备了MoSi2和10vol%SiC/MoSi2纳米复合陶瓷。通过SiC预加热体的混合式加热法和合理的保温结构设计,实现了MoSi2低温阶段的快速升温,提高了温度均匀性。密度和力学性能测试结果表明,1 450℃保温60 min烧结工艺下,MoSi2试样的相对密度达到93.4%,断裂韧度4.5 MPa.m1/2,维氏硬度为10.53 GPa,弯曲强度为186 MPa。10vol%SiC/MoSi2试样尽管相对密度下降为90.3%,但各项力学性能均优于MoSi2试样。相比1 650℃热压烧结,微波烧结温度降低了200℃,MoSi2和SiC/MoSi2试样致密性有所下降,但力学性能有较大提高,尤其是MoSi2试样。断口扫描分析表明,微波烧结试样相对热压烧结试样基体晶粒更细,孔隙细小且分布均匀;SiC/MoSi2试样微波烧结的晶粒细化效果不如MoSi2明显。     

隔舱式双脉冲发动机金属膜片设计与实验研究

为得到双脉冲发动机隔舱结构关键部件金属膜片适宜结构,通过圆板大挠度理论和断裂力学理论推导出金属膜片预制缺陷处应力强度因子计算公式,得到金属膜片在内压作用下的设计方法,建立了膜片破坏压强与结构尺寸之间定量关系,并通过6次膜片动态破坏单项实验验证了其正确性.在此基础上,利用缩比发动机分别开展了隔舱热流承压、热流打开、热流联合实验以进一步考核隔舱的工作特性.结果表明:所导出的金属膜片设计方法与实验结果较为一致,平均误差约4.394％,可以用于脉冲发动机膜片具体结构尺寸设计;隔舱承压、密封、打开、消融性能良好,可以较好满足双脉冲发动机使用要求.     

高熵热障涂层陶瓷材料研究进展

随着军事和科技的发展,热障涂层应用技术已成为现代国防尖端技术中最重要的技术之一。而高熵热障涂层陶瓷材料具有高温相稳定性、超低热导率、耐腐蚀性强、热膨胀系数和断裂韧性较高等优点,可为高温合金基底提供良好的热防护,在航空航天、航海和核能等领域有重要的应用前景。对国内外已报道的高熵热障涂层陶瓷候选材料进行系统性分类总结,重点介绍了新型高熵热障涂层陶瓷材料的设计方法、结构类型及其性能特征,为高熵陶瓷在热障涂层材料领域的发展和应用思路。     

国产5056铝蜂窝芯的制备与性能评价

针对太阳翼基板用高性能低密度5056铝蜂窝芯的需求,开展了国产5056超薄铝箔制备及配套阳极氧化表面处理、国产5056铝蜂窝的制备和性能评价。研制的国产5056铝蜂窝芯公称密度17.28 kg/m³,节点强度为1.87 kN/m,蜂窝芯裸压缩、平面压缩、L向剪切、W向剪切强度分别达到了0.29、0.31、0.38、0.27 MPa,力学性能均达到了进口蜂窝芯的水平。蜂窝芯胶膜热破工艺性能较好,网格夹层结构节点无脱开,弯曲刚度和强度测试值均达到了进口蜂窝测试值的水平,可以满足使用需求。试验结果可为后续高性能低密度铝蜂窝芯的型号应用及原材料国内自主保障提供数据基础及技术基础。     

TiAl合金中的氧扩散及恒温氧化研究现状

TiAl合金由于高比强度和优异的高温力学性能,是一种极具应用潜力的轻质高温结构材料,但存在脆性大、室温塑性差以及800℃以上抗氧化能力不足是其工程应用的最大障碍。本文对TiAl合金的恒温氧化行为、氧扩散以及氧化后力学性能变化规律进行了总结。基于服役环境条件下合金中的氧扩散规律及受控机制,对改善合金高温抗氧化性能的表面处理和合金化研究现状进行了归纳。分析了TiAl合金高温抗氧化行为研究及其控制技术在今后一段时期的发展趋势。     

真空成型碳纤维/环氧树脂基复合材料性能研究

对固化温度、保温平台及隔离材料对真空成型碳纤维/环氧树脂基复合材料(CCF300/BA9913)的孔隙率和力学性能的影响进行了研究.结果 表明,在较高的固化温度(125℃保温2h)条件下,CCF300/BA9913固化后力学性能和耐湿热性能更加优异.同时在树脂最低黏度所处温度附近(85℃),增加0.5h的保温平台,有利...     

A review of aerial manipulation of small-scale rotorcraft unmanned robotic systems

Small-scale rotorcraft unmanned robotic systems(SRURSs) are a kind of unmanned rotorcraft with manipulating devices. This review aims to provide an overview on aerial manipulation of SRURSs nowadays and promote relative research in the future. In the past decade, aerial manipulation of SRURSs has attracted the interest of researchers globally. This paper provides a literature review of the last 10 years(2008–2017) on SRURSs, and details achievements and challenges. Firstly, the definition, current state, development, classification, and challenges of SRURSs are introduced. Then, related papers are organized into two topical categories: mechanical structure design, and modeling and control. Following this, research groups involved in SRURS research and their major achievements are summarized and classified in the form of tables. The research groups are introduced in detail from seven parts. Finally, trends and challenges are compiled and presented to serve as a resource for researchers interested in aerial manipulation of SRURSs. The problem,trends, and challenges are described from three aspects. Conclusions of the paper are presented,and the future of SRURSs is discussed to enable further research interests.     

铝锂合金材料发展及综合性能评述

在抗疲劳设计等工程应用中,对材料综合性能的准确把握是使用材料进行设计的基础。作为一种航空材料,铝锂合金因具有高比强度、高比刚度的性能而受到青睐,与普通铝合金相比,铝锂合金的各方面性能,包括常规力学性能和疲劳断裂性能,具有独特特征。不同时期研发的铝锂合金产品,其各方面性能也有显著差异。本文通过比较铝锂合金和普通铝合金的性能差异,以及比较不同铝锂合金之间的性能差异,对铝锂合金材料性能发展进行综合评述。通过对铝锂合金发展历程、常规力学性能、疲劳极限和疲劳抗力、疲劳裂纹扩展抗力的分析,给出了结构设计选材的一些建议。     

Influence of welding parameters on microstructure and mechanical properties of electron beam welded Ti60 to GH3128 joint with a Cu interlayer

Effects of welding parameters on the microstructure and mechanical properties of Ti/Cu/Ni joint welded by electron beam were investigated. High welding heat input increased the melting quantity of Ti60 titanium alloy and promoted the formation of Ti–Cu intermetallic compounds (IMC) such as Ti₂Cu and Ti₃Cu₄, increasing the brittleness of the joints. Low welding heat input was not conducive to the complete melting of the copper interlayer, and the unmelted copper reduced the performance of the joints. Under the optimal welding parameters, Ti–Ni IMCs in the weld would be replaced by (Cu, Ni) solid solutions ((Cu, Ni)_ss). However, Ti–Cu IMC layers cannot be eliminated entirely by changing the welding parameters. The maximum tensile strength of the joints was 201 MPa. The fracture of the joints occurred at the Ti–Cu IMC layer, which was a typical brittle fracture.