数字景象图的计算机模拟生成

数字景象图在飞行器末制导中起着关键作用。在特殊情形下，有必要用计算机模拟生成数字景象图。本文在分析数字景象图成象机理的基础上给出了一个基于数字高程图模拟生成数字景象图的框架，分别讨论了光照模型，大气模型，误差模型，坐标系和视点变换等关键步骤。文中给出了模拟生成的结果。     

Photoinduced catalytic synthesis of biologically important metabolites from formaldehyde and ammonia under plausible “prebiotic” conditions

The article analyzes new and previously reported data on several catalytic and photochemical processes yielding biologically important molecules. UV-irradiation of formaldehyde aqueous solution yields acetaldehyde, glyoxal, glycolaldehyde and glyceraldehyde, which can serve as precursors of more complex biochemically relevant compounds. Photolysis of aqueous solution of acetaldehyde and ammonium nitrate results in formation of alanine and pyruvic acid. Dehydration of glyceraldehyde catalyzed by zeolite HZSM-5-17 yields pyruvaldehyde. Monosaccharides are formed in the course of the phosphate-catalyzed aldol condensation reactions of glycolaldehyde, glyceraldehyde and formaldehyde. The possibility of the direct synthesis of tetroses, keto- and aldo-pentoses from pure formaldehyde due to the combination of the photochemical production of glycolahyde and phosphate-catalyzed carbohydrate chain growth is demonstrated. Erythrulose and 3-pentulose are the main products of such combined synthesis with selectivity up to 10%. Biologically relevant aldotetroses, aldo- and ketopentoses are more resistant to the photochemical destruction owing to the stabilization in hemiacetal cyclic forms. They are formed as products of isomerization of erythrulose and 3-pentulose. The conjugation of the concerned reactions results in a plausible route to the formation of sugars, amino and organic acids from formaldehyde and ammonia under presumed ‘prebiotic’ conditions.     

运载火箭/航天器耦合分支模态综合法(上)

将运载火箭作为主结构、航天器作为分支子结构,分别采用自由界面模态展开定理和固定界面模态展开定理,导出分支模态综合法,进行运载火箭/航天器组合模型响应分析.进而,采用界面约束模态质量的界面加速度,导出航天器载荷估计方法,这时的运载火箭与航天器连接界面可以是静定的或静不定的.当仅考虑连接界面是静定的情况,界面约束模态质量将...     

Nonlinear flutter wind tunnel test and numerical analysis of folding fins with freeplay nonlinearities

The flutter characteristics of folding control fins with freeplay are investigated by numerical simulation and flutter wind tunnel tests. Based on the characteristics of the structures, fins with different freeplay angles are designed. For a 0° angle of attack, wind tunnel tests of these fins are conducted, and vibration is observed by accelerometers and a high-speed camera. By the expansion of the connected relationships, the governing equations of fit for the nonlinear aeroelastic analysis are established by the free-interface component mode synthesis method. Based on the results of the wind tunnel tests, the flutter characteristics of fins with different freeplay angles are analyzed. The results show that the vibration divergent speed is increased, and the divergent speed is higher than the flutter speed of the nominal linear system. The vibration divergent speed is increased along with an increase in the freeplay angle. The developed free-interface component mode synthesis method could be used to establish governing equations and to analyze the characteristics of nonlinear aeroelastic systems. The results of the numerical simulations and the wind tunnel tests indicate the same trends and critical velocities.     

实施课程综合化的思考

本文以职业教育观为理论基础，分析部分职业教育课程中存在的问题。提出了课程综合化的概念及实施课程综合化的意义。详细阐述实施课程综合化的方法、步骤，为课程内容改革指明了方向。     

铀矿石浓缩物中非金属杂质成分分析标准物质研制

研制两个水平的铀矿石浓缩物中非金属杂质成分分析标准物质,用于铀矿石浓缩物产品中S,P,F,Cl和Si等杂项的量值传递和测定过程的监控,确保铀矿石浓缩物产品的质量和后续纯化过程的稳定运行,同时也可用于二氧化铀（粉末和芯块）、四氟化铀等产品中相关元素的量值传递和质量控制。标准物质的均匀性采用F检验法评价,稳定性采用t检验法评价,各元素的定值采用多家实验室比对^[1~5]。标准物质研制的所有过程均符合“一级标准物质技术规范”。     

An improved procedure for manufacture of 3D tubes with springback concerned in flexible bending process

Three dimensional (3D) tubes, which possess the characteristics of space saving, lightweight and high strength, are widely used in many high-end industries such as aviation, aerospace, automobile and shipbuilding. However, when manufacturing a 3D tube in flexible bending process, springback is a big obstacle for improving the forming quality. In this paper, a new comprehensive strategy for springback control of 3D tubes is proposed. The strategy can be described as follows: (1) define the desired shape and manufacture shape; (2) optimize the manufacture shape using two tooling design methods (e.g. DA (displacement adjustment) method and B&T (bending and twisting) method presented in this paper); (3) make a discretization of the manufacture shape to acquire the optimized forming parameters. Additionally, experiment is implemented to validate the effectiveness of the new strategy. Results show that forming parameters acquired by the new strategy are partially effective. The new strategy also demonstrates that, during 3D tubes forming, the deviation caused by over-bent elements can be counteracted by the deficient-bent elements. This principle is helpful to reduce the difficulty of parameter determination in future.     

聚四氢呋喃-聚丁二烯-聚四氢呋喃三嵌段共聚物的合成与力学性能

以端羟基聚丁二烯(HTPB)为引发剂,三氟化硼乙醚络合物为催化剂,环氧丙烷为促开环剂,通过四氢呋喃的阳离子开环聚合反应,制备出聚四氢呋喃-聚丁二烯-聚四氢呋喃三嵌段共聚物(PTHF-PB-PTHF)。采用红外光谱、核磁共振氢谱及碳谱、凝胶渗透色谱-激光光散射联用技术,对目标化合物的结构进行了表征。采用相对分子质量为8 066 g/mol的PTHF-PB-PTHF与甲苯二异氰酸酯反应制备了交联弹性体,应力-应变试验显示,在相同交联密度下,PTHF-PB-PTHF交联弹性体的拉伸强度及断裂伸长率较纯HTPB交联弹性体分别提高了16%及19%。动态热机械性能分析表明,PTHF-PBPTHF交联弹性体具有优异的粘弹性能,其玻璃化转变温度为-55.99℃,低于HTPB交联弹性体。     

Multi Objective Robust Active Vibration Control for Flexure Jointed Struts of Stewart Platforms via H∞ and μ Synthesis

Active vibration control is needed for future space telescopes, space laser communication and other precision sensitive payloads which require ultra-quiet environments. A Stewart platform based hybrid isolator with 6 hybrid struts is the effective system for active/passive vibration isolation over 5-250 Hz band. Using an identification transfer matrix of the Stewart platform, the coupling analysis of six channels is provided. A dynamics model is derived, and the rigid mode is removed to keep the signal of pointing control. Multi objective robust H∞ and μ synthesis strategies, based on singular values and structured singular values respectively, are presented, which simultaneously satisfy the low frequency pointing and high frequency disturbance rejection requirements and take account of the model uncertainty, parametric uncertainty and sensor noise. Then, by performing robust stability test, it is shown that the two controllers are robust to the uncertainties, the robust stability margin of H, controller is less than that of μ controller, but the order of μ controller is higher than that of H, controller, so the balanced controller reduction is provided. Additionally, the μ controller is compared with a PI controller. The time domain simulation of the μ controller indicates that the two robust control strategies are effective for keeping the pointing command and isolating the harmonic and stochastic disturbances.