火场中电梯疏散失败的FTA分析与探讨

通过对火灾导致电梯疏散失败的故障树的建立与分析,计算了导致顶事件发生的最小割集与最小径集,以及影响顶事件发生的结构重要度和割集重要度。并由此提出了火灾情况下降低电梯运行风险,提高可靠性的相关措施。为火灾情况下利用电梯进行疏散的可靠性提供了参考依据。     

Ionospheric path delay models for spaceborne GPS receivers flying in formation with large baselines

GPS relative navigation filters could benefit notably from an accurate modeling of the ionospheric delays, especially over large baselines (>100 km) where double difference delays can be higher than several carrier wavelengths. This paper analyzes the capability of ionospheric path delay models proposed for spaceborne GPS receivers in predicting both zero-difference and double difference ionospheric delays. We specifically refer to relatively simple ionospheric models, which are suitable for real-time filtering schemes. Specifically, two ionospheric delay models are evaluated, one assuming an isotropic electron density and the other considering the effect on the electron density of the Sun aspect angle. The prediction capability of these models is investigated by comparing predicted ionospheric delays with measured ones on real flight data from the Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment mission, in which two satellites fly separated of more than 200 km. Results demonstrate that both models exhibit a correlation in the excess of 80% between predicted and measured double-difference ionospheric delays. Despite its higher simplicity, the isotropic model performs better than the model including the Sun effect, being able to predict double differenced delays with accuracy smaller than the carrier wavelength in most cases. The model is thus fit for supporting integer ambiguity fixing in real-time filters for relative navigation over large baselines. Concerning zero-difference ionospheric delays, results demonstrate that delays predicted by the isotropic model are highly correlated (around 90%) with those estimated using GPS measurements. However, the difference between predicted and measured delays has a root mean square error in the excess of 30 cm. Thus, the zero-difference ionospheric delays model is not likely to be an alternative to methods exploiting carrier-phase observables for cancelling out the ionosphere contribution in single-frequency absolute navigation filters.     

Three-dimensional path planning for unmanned aerial vehicle based on interfered fluid dynamical system

This paper proposes a method for planning the three-dimensional path for low-flying unmanned aerial vehicle(UAV) in complex terrain based on interfered fluid dynamical system(IFDS) and the theory of obstacle avoidance by the flowing stream. With no requirement of solutions to fluid equations under complex boundary conditions, the proposed method is suitable for situations with complex terrain and different shapes of obstacles. Firstly, by transforming the mountains, radar and anti-aircraft fire in complex terrain into cylindrical, conical, spherical, parallelepiped obstacles and their combinations, the 3D low-flying path planning problem is turned into solving streamlines for obstacle avoidance by fluid flow. Secondly, on the basis of a unified mathematical expression of typical obstacle shapes including sphere, cylinder, cone and parallelepiped, the modulation matrix for interfered fluid dynamical system is constructed and 3D streamlines around a single obstacle are obtained. Solutions to streamlines with multiple obstacles are then derived using weighted average of the velocity field. Thirdly, extra control force method and virtual obstacle method are proposed to deal with the stagnation point and the case of obstacles’ overlapping respectively. Finally, taking path length and flight height as sub-goals, genetic algorithm(GA) is used to obtain optimal 3D path under the maneuverability constraints of the UAV. Simulation results show that the environmental modeling is simple and the path is smooth and suitable for UAV. Theoretical proof is also presented to show that the proposed method has no effect on the characteristics of fluid avoiding obstacles.     

廊坊市构建文化强市战略的实施路径研究

近年来，廊坊市高度重视文化产业发展，把文化产业确立为影响廊坊未来发展的战略产业，作为构建现代产业体系的重要内容，先后出台了一系列政策措施，廊坊取得了前所未有的成绩。虽然廊坊市文化的发展优势得天独厚且已初具规模，但文化缺乏战略性管理、资金短缺、竞争力不强等问题制约着廊坊市文化的进一步跨越发展，如何构建和完善文化强市战略目标，如何发挥文化对经济的强劲作用，这对廊坊经济稳步、可持续发展具有十分重要的现实意义。     

面向叶片型面的五轴联动柔性数控砂带抛光技术

针对叶片型面抛光,在分析五轴联动数控砂带抛光可行性的基础上,设计并开发了五轴联动柔性数控砂带抛光机。提出了接触轮与叶片型面有效贴合的概念,并通过改善抛光工具、采用柔性抛光技术和控制抛光轴矢量来实现砂带与叶片型面的有效贴合。抛光轴矢量由抛光位点处法矢和接触轮进给矢量计算获得,既实现了砂带与叶片型面的有效贴合,而且满足抛光轮接触压力方向与柔性机构收缩方向基本一致的要求。抛光轨迹规划采用等参数线法,抛光行距根据抛光带宽确定。最后进行抛光实验,结果为精抛后粗糙度达到0.25~0.39μm,抛光前后叶型轮廓度变化0.007mm,抛光去除量在0.010~0.016mm之间,满足图纸要求。通过实验表明,五轴联动数控砂带抛光叶片型面可行,采用本文所述技术能够满足叶片型面抛光要求。     

舰载飞机着舰精确轨迹控制研究

针对舰载机着舰过程的精确航迹控制要求,利用现有机上的控制设备,采用系统综合设计的方法,给出了两种航迹控制系统———风参考航迹控制系统和惯性参考航迹控制系统,通过仿真分析,给出了系统的性能差异。     

燃气轮机气路测量参数的模糊智能选择

针对燃气轮机气路性能的监测诊断需求,基于气路小偏差分析得到的影响系数矩阵,首先从测量参数选择的相关性要求出发,应用模糊聚类分析方法得到了要求数目的目标聚类;进一步从参数选择的敏感性等要求出发,通过模糊综合评价方法从多元素聚类中筛选出了各自的代表测量参数,从而实现了燃气轮机气路测量参数的模糊智能选择.实例表明:利用模糊聚类分析方法可直接实现测量参数的相关性选择,并可以方便可靠地根据目标要求选择合理的测量参数组合,利用模糊综合评价方法的测量参数的敏感性选择更为有效可靠.     

曲面零件五坐标扫描检测路径产生方法研究

针对曲面零件对五坐标扫描检测的需求,在对REVO五坐标旋转扫描测头的技术特征进行分析的基础上,提出了适用于五坐标扫描检测路径规划的球面法,通过测尖运动球形包络面与被测工件曲面的相交线来确定检测路径,测量主要由测尖扫描完成,减少测量机的三轴移动,实现高速坐标扫描测量。     

基于遗传算法的凸多边形区域航迹规划

提出了基于遗传算法的凸多边形区域航迹规划方法,针对飞行器转弯角和边界限制的航迹约束条件,改进了航迹编码方式,采用了基于方向编码的回溯方法生成航迹;同时改进了遗传算法的交叉算子和变异算子。仿真结果表明,该方法能快速有效地完成飞行器航迹规划任务,获得符合适应度要求的优化航迹。     

基于模型拼接技术的四旋翼无人机全飞行包线建模

四旋翼无人机在军事和民用领域都有广泛的应用前景。然而，四旋翼无人机具有机载传感器准确性低与可靠性差、不同飞行条件下动力学模型差异大等特点。本文以四旋翼无人机为研究对象，系统地开展了飞行路径重构、频率域系统辨识、全飞行包线建模的相关研究工作。针对机载低成本传感器存在显著常值偏差与量测噪声统计学特性未知的缺点，采用基于EKF的飞行路径重构技术对在飞行试验中无人机的机体空速进行重构；针对不同飞行速度下四旋翼无人机动力学模型差异大的特点，采用频域法辨识得到不同飞行条件下的本体动力学模型；针对四旋翼无人机大跨域的高精度控制需求，利用模型拼接技术，系统性地提出了全飞行包线建模方案，经过验证，所提出模型拼接技术是准确可靠的。