稠密气固两相流颗粒质量流量测量方法研究

为解决粉末火箭发动机和粉末冲压发动机供粉系统冷流标定过程中颗粒质量流量的测量问题,提出了一种稠密气固两相流中颗粒质量流量的测量方法,并基于旋风分离器和电子天平运用该方法设计了一套气固两相流中固体质量流量的测量装置,同时运用粉末火箭发动机的供粉系统对该测量方法和装置的测试性能进行了实验验证研究。结果表明:测量装置的粉末收集效率可高达98.5%以上,为固体颗粒的质量流量测量提供了保障;测量方法具有较好的可靠性和测量精度,其测量结果相对误差低于3%;测量方法具有较好的测量稳定性,重复性实验中测量结果相对误差低于2%;通过改变旋风分离器结构设计等参数,可拓宽测量方法的适用范围。     

镁合金基体螺纹扭拉特性及重复使用性研究

针对镁合金基体螺纹连接问题,采用试验装置研究了高强耐热镁合金螺纹连接结构的扭拉关系及多次重复使用性能,分析了带钢丝螺套及不带钢丝螺套情况下镁合金螺纹连接结构的扭拉破坏形式、扭矩系数、螺纹副摩擦系数及重复使用性能等,研究结果为镁合金螺纹的力矩量化控制提供了依据,对于镁合金螺纹连接结构的设计和使用具有指导意义。     

P／M—SiC_p增强LY12的研究

 采用粉末冶金方法（Ｐ／Ｍ）完成了ＳｉＣ颗粒增强ＬＹ１２的成形工艺和不同重量百分比条件下的力学性能实验。测试表明,含ＳｉＣ＿ｐ２０％（ｗｔ）的复合材料在室温下平均抗拉强度可达５９４ＭＰａ,延伸率为６％。其抗拉强度比ＬＹ１２ＣＺ提高３０％；２００℃拉伸时σ＿ｂ＝４９３ＭＰａ；３１５℃时σ＿ｂ＝２９９ＭＰａ。用扫描电镜及光学显微镜观察了ＬＹ１２粉末和试样断口的组织形貌。     

(Grf+SiCp)/Mg的热膨胀性能

采用挤压铸造技术制备了石墨纤维织物与SiC颗粒混杂增强镁基复合材料,研究了其微观组织与热膨胀性能。结果表明,复合材料的的线胀系数随温度升高而降低,经退火后复合材料在20-100℃的平均线胀系数约为3×10^-6/K。纤维二维正交排布条件下复合材料热膨胀性能的各向异性特征得到有效改善。     

团聚硼粉与HTPB混合物流变特性

利用HAAKE流变仪研究了硼粉团聚方法、粒度、填充比例对B/HTPB混合物流变性能影响。结果表明,对于LiF包覆的硼粉(B/F),小颗粒的LiF增强了与HTPB预聚物的物理吸附作用,使体系的表观黏度反而大于未包覆的硼粉;采用HTPB包覆的硼粉(B/H,B/F/H)与HTPB混合物的表观黏度和屈服值远小于未处理硼粉,且随混合时间增加而保持不变。在相同填充质量下,小粒度团聚硼粉的黏度系数K值较大,n值较小,严重偏离牛顿流体。当团聚硼粉/HTPB质量比为55/45时,混合物的流动方程转变为Herschel-Bulkley方程,大粒度团聚硼粉的屈服值较小。因此,与小粒度硼粉相比,大粒度团聚硼粉与HTPB的混合物具有较好的流变性能。含大粒度团聚硼粉富燃料推进剂药浆具有良好的工艺性能,6 h内表观黏度小于1500 Pa.s,屈服值小于150 Pa。     

Comparative Study on Super Fine Mesophase Powder and MCMB Used to Manufacture High-Density Isotropic Carbon Bulks

Mesocarbon microbeads (MCMB) and super fine mesophase powder (SFMP) were prepared firstly from a coal tar pitch and then hot-condensed into high-density isotropic carbon (HDIC) bulks under 160 MPa and finally sintered at 1 000 ℃ . By analyzing the ther-mogravimetric behavior of the MCMB and SFMP powders, their volume shrinkage and weight loss during sintering and the bulk density and flexural strengths of their sintered bulks, it was found that the smaller sizes and the richer β-resin contents of SFMP have facilitated formation of sintered bulks with more compact isotropic structure and higher flexural strengths than MCMB. Because of the filling and bonding effects of SFMP on MCMB bulks, addition of SFMP, albeit a little, can greatly increase the flexural strengths of sintered bulks of MCMB. However, adding MCMB, even a slight amount, into SFMP can severely impair the flexural strength of sintered bulks. This might be attributed to both the crack initiation along the boundaries between MCMB and SFMP and the formation of layered texture of MCMB sphere.     

Preparation and Mechanical Properties of Glass Coats with High Temperature Radar Absorber

BaO-La2O3-B2O3 （BLB） glass, suitable to be used as a sealing between metals, was chosen to be the binder in preparing glass coats on the Ti-alloy substrate. The SiCN nano-powder was introduced as the filler for the absorbing coat because it is considered to be a good high temperature absorber. The effect of the coating temperature and coating time on the tensile strength of the glass coat was investigated and the proper coating parameters to get good mechanical properties were determined. In addition, the effects of the SiCN content on the tensile strength of the absorbing coat were also discussed. Results show that it is possible to prepare the glass coat using the BLB glass as a binder. That the coat formed at 730℃ for 30 min has the best tensile strength witnesses 730 ℃, 30 min to be the proper parameter to prepare the glass coat. The BLB glass coat without SiCN powder possesses good tensile strength and the introduction of the SiCN absorber into the glass coat will lower the tensile strength. As the SiCN content increases, the tensile strength of the absorbing coat decreases, which could be attributed to the aggregation of SiCN in the coats.     

粉末粒度对快速凝固／粉末冶金Al-Fe-Mo-Si／Zn-Al复合材料组织与性能的影响

研究不同粉末粒度Al-9.0?-1.8%Mo-1.7%Si/5%(Zn-30%Al)金属/金属复合材料的组织、拉伸性能和阻尼性能.快速凝固粉末由气体雾化制备,选取平均粒度d50分别为27.3,36.2,41.6μm粉末装入包套,经除气,再热挤压制成棒材.结果表明,粉末粒径越粗,强化相越粗大,呈团聚体存在,且有偏聚现象,材料的强度明显下降,室温下粉末较细材料的阻尼性能较好,高于100℃时粉末粒度较粗材料的阻尼性能好.     

粉末合金(FGH95)蠕变/疲劳交互作用下寿命预测的损伤力学有限元分析

采用基于损伤力学的蠕变—疲劳交互作用下的寿命预测模型,应用损伤等效应力进行三维应力状态下的损伤计算,并考虑了压缩时闭合效应,利用ANSYS的二次开发工具APDL和UPFs开发程序,把基于损伤力学的寿命预测方法与ANSYS的结构分析结合起来,实现了对构件的损伤计算和寿命预测。针对粉末合金材料易含夹杂等初始缺陷的特点,提出了在寿命计算中通过单元初始损伤模拟初始缺陷对寿命影响的处理方法,探讨了考虑初始缺陷条件下的寿命预测,并利用试验对计算结果进行了对比验证。      

Ni基金属粉末激光快速制造的研究

 采用激光选区烧结的方法,对 Ni基合金混合铜粉末进行了一系列激光烧结试验。从烧结模型入手,分析了烧结过程中出现的现象,讨论了工艺参数对金属粉末烧结成形的影响,初步探索了金属粉末直接烧结成形的基本机理,为金属粉末的激光快速成形制造提供了依据。